Applications of human organoids in the personalized treatment for digestive diseases DOI Creative Commons
Qinying Wang,

Fanying Guo,

Yutao Jin

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2022

Abstract Digestive system diseases arise primarily through the interplay of genetic and environmental influences; there is an urgent need in elucidating pathogenic mechanisms these deploy personalized treatments. Traditional long-established model systems rarely reproduce either tissue complexity or human physiology faithfully; shortcomings underscore for better models. Organoids represent a promising research model, helping us gain more profound understanding digestive organs; this can also be used to provide patients with precise individualized treatment build rapid vitro test models drug screening gene/cell therapy, linking basic clinical treatment. Over past few decades, use organoids has led advanced composition each organ facilitated disease modeling, chemotherapy dose prediction, CRISPR-Cas9 intervention, high-throughput screening, identification SARS-CoV-2 targets, infection. However, existing mainly include epithelial system. In order reveal mechanism diseases, it necessary establish completer physiological organoid model. Combining techniques treatments different formulations approach that requires further exploration. This review highlights advancements field technology from perspectives modeling therapy.

Язык: Английский

Short chain fatty acids: key regulators of the local and systemic immune response in inflammatory diseases and infections DOI Creative Commons
Lisa-Marie Ney, Maximilian Wipplinger,

Martha Grossmann

и другие.

Open Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

The human intestinal microbiome substantially affects health and resistance to infections in its dynamic composition varying release of microbial-derived metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by commensal bacteria through fermentation indigestible fibres are considered key regulators orchestrating the host immune response microbial colonization regulating phagocytosis, chemokine central signalling pathways cell growth apoptosis, thereby shaping functionality epithelial barrier. Although research last decades provided valuable insight into pleiotropic functions SCFAs their capability maintain health, mechanistic details on how act across different types other organs not fully understood. In this review, we provide an overview various cellular metabolism, emphasizing orchestration along gut–brain, gut–lung gut–liver axes. We discuss potential pharmacological use inflammatory diseases highlight new options relevant three-dimensional organ models investigate validate biological more detail.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

101
Human organoids: New strategies and methods for analyzing human development and disease DOI Creative Commons
Nina S. Corsini, Juergen A. Knoblich

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(15), С. 2756 - 2769

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

For decades, insight into fundamental principles of human biology and disease has been obtained primarily by experiments in animal models. While this allowed researchers to understand many biological processes great detail, some developmental mechanisms have proven difficult study due inherent species differences. The advent organoid technology more than 10 years ago established laboratory-grown organ tissues as an additional model system recapitulate human-specific aspects biology. use 3D organoids, well other advances single-cell technologies, revealed unprecedented insights mechanisms, especially those that distinguish humans from species. This review highlights novel with a focus on how generated better understanding development disease.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

96
Utilization of the microbiome in personalized medicine DOI
Karina Ratiner, Dragos Ciocan, Suhaib K. Abdeen

и другие.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(5), С. 291 - 308

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

50
Parkinson’s disease and gut microbiota: from clinical to mechanistic and therapeutic studies DOI Creative Commons
Xuxiang Zhang, Beisha Tang, Jifeng Guo

и другие.

Translational Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. The typical symptomatology PD includes motor symptoms; however, a range nonmotor symptoms, such as intestinal issues, usually occur before symptoms. Various microorganisms inhabiting gastrointestinal tract can profoundly influence physiopathology central nervous system through neurological, endocrine, and immune pathways involved in microbiota-gut-brain axis. In addition, extensive evidence suggests that gut microbiota strongly associated with PD. This review summarizes latest findings on microbial changes their clinical relevance, describes underlying mechanisms which bacteria may mediate PD, discusses correlations between microbes anti-PD drugs. this outlines status research therapies for future directions PD-gut research.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

47
Human organoids-on-chips for biomedical research and applications DOI Creative Commons
Hui Wang,

Xiufan Ning,

Feng Zhao

и другие.

Theranostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2), С. 788 - 818

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Human organoids-on-chips (OrgOCs) are the synergism of human organoids (HOs) technology and microfluidic organs-on-chips (OOCs).OOCs can mimic extrinsic characteristics organs, such as environmental clues living tissue, while HOs more amenable to biological analysis genetic manipulation.By spatial cooperation, OrgOCs served 3D organotypic models allowing them recapitulate critical tissue-specific properties forecast responses outcomes.It represents a giant leap forward from regular 2D cell monolayers animal in improved ecological niche modeling.In recent years, have offered potential promises for clinical studies advanced preclinical-to-clinical translation medical industrial fields.In this review, we highlight cutting-edge achievements OrgOCs, introduce key features architectures, share revolutionary applications basic biology, disease modeling, preclinical assay precision medicine.Furthermore, discuss how combine wide range disciplines with accelerate translational applications, well challenges opportunities biomedical research applications.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

23
Blastocystomics DOI
Daisy Shaw, Anastasios D. Tsaousis

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Процитировано

2
Fusobacterium nucleatum Acts as a Pro-carcinogenic Bacterium in Colorectal Cancer: From Association to Causality DOI Creative Commons
Shuang Wang, Yang Liu, Jun Li

и другие.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common worldwide with complex etiology. Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. ), an oral symbiotic bacterium, has been linked CRC in the past decade. A series of gut microbiota studies show that patients carry high abundance tumor tissue and fecal, etiological have clarified role as pro-carcinogenic bacterium various stages CRC. In this review, we summarize biological characteristics epidemiological associations between CRC, then highlight mechanisms by which participates progression, metastasis, chemoresistance affecting cells or regulating microenvironment (TME). We also discuss research gap field give our perspective for future studies. These findings will pave way manipulating to deal future.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

87
Metagenome-wide association study revealed disease-specific landscape of the gut microbiome of systemic lupus erythematosus in Japanese DOI Creative Commons
Yoshihiko Tomofuji, Yuichi Maeda, Eri Oguro-Igashira

и другие.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 80(12), С. 1575 - 1583

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2021

Objective Alteration of the gut microbiome has been linked to pathogenesis systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, a comprehensive view in SLE and its interaction with host remains be revealed. This study aimed reveal SLE-associated changes by metagenome-wide association (MWAS) followed integrative analysis. Methods We performed MWAS based on shotgun sequencing microbial DNA from Japanese individuals ( N case =47, control =203). integrated result genome-wide (GWAS) data plasma metabolite data. Results Via species level phylogenetic analysis, we identified validated increases Streptococcus intermedius anginosus patients SLE. Microbial gene analysis revealed -derived genes including one involved redox reaction. Additionally, pathways related sulfur metabolism flagella assembly were altered an overlap enriched biological between metagenome germline genome comparing GWAS (ie, MWAS-GWAS interaction). α-diversity β-diversity analyses provided evidence dysbiosis Microbiome-metabolome positive dosage correlation acylcarnitine , taxon. Conclusion Our host, which contribute our understanding relationship

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

58
Intracellular bacteria in cancer—prospects and debates DOI Creative Commons
Lena Schorr, Marius Mathies, Eran Elinav

и другие.

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2023

Abstract Recent evidence suggests that some human cancers may harbor low-biomass microbial ecosystems, spanning bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacteria, the most-studied kingdom in this context, are suggested by these studies to localize within cancer cells, immune cells other tumor microenvironment cell types, where they postulated impact multiple cancer-related functions. Herein, we provide an overview of intratumoral while focusing on intracellular their molecular activities, communication networks, host invasion evasion strategies, long-term colonization capacity. We highlight how integration sequencing-based spatial techniques enable recognition bacterial niches. discuss pitfalls, debates challenges decisively proving existence function microbes, reaching a mechanistic elucidation impacts behavior treatment responses. Together, causative understanding possible roles played bacteria future utilization diagnosis, patient stratification, treatment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

38
Microfluidic Gut-on-a-Chip: Fundamentals and Challenges DOI Creative Commons

Dimple Palanilkunnathil Thomas,

Jun Zhang, Nam‐Trung Nguyen

и другие.

Biosensors, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 136 - 136

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

The human gut is responsible for food digestion and absorption. Recently, growing evidence has shown its vital role in the proper functioning of other organs. Advances microfluidic technologies have made a significant impact on biomedical field. Specifically, organ-on-a-chip technology (OoC), which become popular substitute animal models, capable imitating complex systems vitro been used to study pathology pharmacology. Over past decade, reviews published focused more applications prospects gut-on-a-chip (GOC) technology, but challenges solutions these limitations were often overlooked. In this review, we cover physiology review engineering approaches GOC. Fundamentals GOC models including materials fabrication, cell types, stimuli microbiota are thoroughly reviewed. We discuss present model applications, challenges, possible technology.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

36