Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(10), С. 940 - 943
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024
Язык: Английский
Genes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 146 - 146
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Background/Objectives: Dermatophytosis, a prevalent fungal infection of keratinized tissues, is primarily caused by the filamentous fungus Trichophyton rubrum. Sertraline (SRT), an antidepressant with antifungal activity, has already demonstrated therapeutic potential against this fungus. Elucidating effects SRT may provide insights into its mechanism action and adaptation to drug. Differential gene expression alternative splicing (AS) facilitate adaptations various environmental conditions. This study aimed comprehensive overview AS events their implications in T. rubrum cultivated under sub-inhibitory concentrations SRT. Method: The transcriptome challenged was analyzed detect events. Results: RNA-seq analysis revealed that affected transcriptional post-transcriptional numerous genes, including those encoding transcription factors, kinases, efflux pumps. Among events, intron retention predominant. After 12 h exposure, intron-3 levels serine/arginine protein kinase mRNA transcripts were significantly increased compared control. new isoform would produce putative partially lost phosphotransferase domain. Conclusions: These findings highlight mechanisms suggest how adapts itself
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
The synthesis and regulation of ergosterol are vital for fungal growth stress adaptation. While ergosterol-mediated feedback is a recognized mechanism controlling sterol biosynthesis in fungi, prior research suggests the presence additional regulatory mechanisms. However, specifics alternative mechanisms have not been systematically investigated. We proposed that network likely to discern disturbances trigger responses accordingly. This study aimed validate hypothesis investigate Quantitative Real-time PCR HPLC-MS/MS were used explore compare different fungi. Key transcription factors involved Neurospora crassa identified by phenotypic profiling factor mutant library. ChIP-qPCR, fluorescence confocal imaging, RNA sequencing, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) reveal each factor. Unlike canonical fungi like C. neoformans, our demonstrated inhibitions at specific steps triggered distinct transcriptional erg genes including N. Aspergillus fumigatus. In crassa, orchestrated factors. Specifically, inhibition ERG24 ERG2 activated SAH-2 AtrR, resulting upregulation erg24, erg2, erg25, erg3. Furthermore, ERG11/CYP51 NcSR, leading erg11 erg6. Phenotypic profiles mutants various aforementioned implied targeted could fortify viability within complex habitats. Our reveals novel fungi: response given perturbations biosynthesis, exhibiting higher degree precision sophistication regulation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2), С. 143 - 143
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Antifungal resistance poses a critical global health threat, particularly in immuno-compromised patients. Beyond the traditional mechanisms rooted heritable and stable mutations, distinct phenomenon known as heteroresistance has been identified, wherein minority of resistant fungal cells coexist within predominantly susceptible population. Heteroresistance may be induced by pharmacological factors or non-pharmacological agents. The reversible nature it presents significant clinical challenges, can lead to undetected during standard susceptibility testing. As allows pathogens survive antifungal treatment, this adaptive strategy often leads treatment failure recurring infection. Though extensively studied bacteria, limited research explored its occurrence fungi. This review summarizes current findings on mechanisms, highlighting implications pressing need for deeper mechanism insights. We aim bring together latest advances field heteroresistance, summarizing detail characteristics, inducing factors, molecular significance, describing similarities differences between tolerance persistence. Further is needed understand develop more effective therapies combat infections.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Mycology: An International Journal on Fungal Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 13
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(3), С. 236 - 236
Опубликована: Март 19, 2025
Biofilms are structurally organized communities of microorganisms that adhere to a variety surfaces. These produce protective matrices consisting polymeric polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and/or lipids promote shared resistance various environmental threats, including chemical, antibiotic, and immune insults. While algal bacterial biofilms more apparent in the scientific zeitgeist, many fungal pathogens also form biofilms. surprisingly common morphologically distinct from multicellular molds mushrooms normally associated with fungi instead an assemblage single-celled organisms. As collection yeast filamentous cells cloaked extracellular matrix, extreme threat public health, especially conjunction surgical implants. The encapsulated yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans, is opportunistic pathogen causes both pulmonary disseminated infections, particularly immunocompromised individuals. However, there emerging trend cryptococcosis among otherwise healthy C. neoformans forms diverse environments, within human hosts. Notably, biofilm association correlates increased expression multiple virulence factors host defenses antifungal treatments. Thus, it crucial develop novel strategies combat In this review, we discuss development treatment biofilms, particular focus on neoformans.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(7), С. e1012332 - e1012332
Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024
Pleaseconfirmthatallheadinglevelsarerepresentedcorrectly:Cryptococcus neoformans was first isolated from a patient in 1894 [1] and 130 years later, it remains prevalent global threat, especially for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [2].Human-Cryptococcus interaction begins childhood, after inhalation of basidiospores which are widespread the environment.Typically, this advances one 4 major possible ways: (I) latent/dormant (asymptomatic) cryptococcosis, where C. can hide host without any clinical symptoms; (II) pulmonary cryptococcosis (cryptococcal pneumonia), may or not need medical intervention depending on host's underlying conditions; (III) disseminated probably disseminates lungs to different organs such as kidneys, bones, skin, central nervous system by crossing blood-brain barrier, reactivation dormancy; (IV) cryptococcal relapse, formerly treated infection resurfaces requires specific management.Population heterogeneity (also referred phenotypic heterogeneity) provides functional advantage many microbial pathogens survive fluctuating conditions (please refer excellent review [3]).It be defined preexisting diversity within an isogenic population.Population arises due differences between individual cells otherwise genetically identical/homogenous population.Prominent examples (well known bacteria but much fungi) biofilm, antimicrobial persistence, heteroresistance, cellular dormancy, is often observed viable nonculturable (VBNC) phenotype.As described further review, population benefits coping unpredictable environmental conditions.It contributes survival challenging ever-changing switching outer atmosphere lungs, extracellular intracellular niche (e.g., inside macrophages), brain other tissues, compromised immune exposure antifungal drugs.In minireview, we discuss manifested through VBNC, biofilm phenotypes.We influence pathogenesis (Fig 1). Heteroresistance influences relapseHeteroresistance discovered 1999 Mondon colleagues [4].During small subpopulation gains transient resistance
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 115483 - 115483
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8, С. 100323 - 100323
Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Food Bioscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 105533 - 105533
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 1281 - 1290
Опубликована: Май 7, 2024
Amorolfine 5% lacquer is an established topical treatment for fungal infection of the nails. The success therapy onychomycosis depends on whether permeated drug concentration in deep nail bed retained above effective antifungal minimum inhibitory (MIC). We compared penetration profile amorolfine and a new formula terbinafine human mycotic toenails using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (MALDI-FTICR) imaging. 7.8% were applied to nails (n = 17); sections prepared, MALDI-FTICR analysis was performed. Based MICs needed kill 90% (MIC90) Trichophyton rubrum, fold differences between MIC90 concentrations (the multiplicity MIC90) calculated overall keratin-unbound fractions. Both penetrated entire thickness nail. mean across section 3 h following 1414 μg/g tissue (equivalent 4.9 mM) with 780 (2.5 (not significantly different; p 0.878). median higher amorolfine- than terbinafine-treated (191 vs. 48; 0.010) fractions only (7.4 0.8; 0.002). In this ex vivo study, demonstrated that, although had similar distribution profiles, both penetrating from surface bed, that relative their respective values. Clinical studies are required determine these effects translate clinical difference success.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1