Endocrine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 74(2), С. 219 - 225
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2021
Язык: Английский
European Heart Journal, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 43(11), С. 1157 - 1172
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2022
Abstract Emerging as a new epidemic, long COVID or post-acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), condition characterized by the persistence COVID-19 symptoms beyond 3 months, is anticipated to substantially alter lives millions people globally. Cardiopulmonary including chest pain, shortness breath, fatigue, and autonomic manifestations such postural orthostatic tachycardia are common associated with significant disability, heightened anxiety, public awareness. A range cardiovascular (CV) abnormalities has been reported among patients acute phase include myocardial inflammation, infarction, right ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias. Pathophysiological mechanisms for delayed complications still poorly understood, dissociation seen between ongoing objective measures cardiopulmonary health. long-term trajectory many chronic cardiac diseases which abundant in those at risk severe disease. In this review, we discuss definition its epidemiology, an emphasis on symptoms. We further review pathophysiological underlying CV injury, sequelae, impact multiorgan propose possible model referral post-COVID-19 services future directions research priorities clinical trials that currently underway evaluate efficacy treatment strategies sequelae.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
551
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 33(10), С. 2887 - 2898
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021
Abstract In this review, we discuss the pathophysiologic and management aspects of acute sarcopenia in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 is as a multi-organ infectious disease characterized by severe inflammatory highly catabolic status, influencing deep changes body build, especially amount, structure, function skeletal muscles which would amount acutely developed sarcopenia. Acute may largely impact patients’ in-hospital prognosis well vulnerability post-COVID-19 functional physical deterioration. The individual outcome degree muscle mass loss be influenced multiple factors, including patient’s general pre-infection medical condition, older adults. This paper gathers information about how hyper-inflammatory involvement exacerbates immunosenescence process, enhances endothelial damage, due mitochondrial dysfunction autophagy, induces myofibrillar breakdown degradation. aftermath these complex immunological SARS-CoV-2-related phenomena, augmented anosmia, ageusia altered microbiota lead decreased food intake exacerbated catabolism. Moreover, imposed inactivity, lock-down, quarantine or hospitalization with bedrest intensify process. All deleterious mechanisms must swiftly put check multidisciplinary approach nutritional support, early cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation, psychological support cognitive training. proposed holistic patients appears essential minimize disastrous outcomes allow avoiding long syndrome.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
222
Metabolism, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 119, С. 154753 - 154753
Опубликована: Март 24, 2021
Disease severity and mortality rates due to COVID-19 infection are greater in the elderly chronically ill patients, populations at high risk for vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin plays an important role immune function inflammation. This systematic review meta-analysis assesses impact of status supplementation on related health outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
206
Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(7), С. 2170 - 2170
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2021
Objective: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 severity. This multi-center randomized clinical trial aims to determine the effects 5000 IU versus 1000 daily oral vitamin D3 supplementation in recovery symptoms and other parameters among mild moderate patients sub-optimal status. Study Design Setting: A total 69 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 positive adults who were hospitalized for disease allocated receive once 2 weeks either (n = 36, 21 males; 15 females) or (standard control) 33, 13 20 females). Anthropometrics measured blood samples taken pre- post-supplementation. Fasting glucose, lipids, serum 25(OH)D, inflammatory markers measured. noted on admission monitored until full recovery. Results: caused a significant increase 25(OH)D levels group only (adjusted p 0.003). Within-group comparisons also showed decrease BMI IL-6 overtime both groups (p-values < 0.05) but was not clinically between-group comparisons. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that had significantly shorter time (days) than resolving cough, even after adjusting age, sex, baseline BMI, D-dimer (6.2 ± 0.8 9.1 0.8; 0.039), ageusia (loss taste) (11.4 1.0 16.9 1.7; 0.035). Conclusion: reduces cough gustatory sensory loss status symptoms. The use as adjuvant therapy suboptimal status, short duration, is recommended.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
178
Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(6), С. 1305 - 1305
Опубликована: Март 20, 2022
At the beginning of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on containing spread virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health professionals should deal with overall status COVID-19 survivors. Indeed, novel findings have identified post-COVID-19 syndrome, which characterized by malnutrition, loss fat-free mass, low-grade inflammation. In addition, recovery might be complicated persistent functional impairment (i.e., fatigue muscle weakness, dysphagia, appetite loss, taste/smell alterations) as well psychological distress. Therefore, appropriate evaluation nutritional (assessment dietary intake, anthropometrics, body composition) one pillars in management these patients. On other hand, personalized recommendations represent best strategy to ensure recovery. this review aimed collect available evidence role nutrients their supplementation syndrome provide a practical guideline nutritionists tailor interventions for patients recovering from infections.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
73
Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 50(5), С. 1067 - 1109
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
72
Current Osteoporosis Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1), С. 122 - 134
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2024
Abstract Purpose of Review SARS-CoV-2 drove the catastrophic global phenomenon COVID-19 pandemic resulting in a multitude systemic health issues, including bone loss. The purpose this review is to summarize recent findings related loss and potential mechanisms. Recent Findings early clinical evidence indicates an increase vertebral fractures, hypocalcemia, vitamin D deficiencies, BMD among patients. Additionally, lower associated with more severe infection. Preclinical models have shown increased osteoclastogenesis. infection could be result many factors that directly affect such as higher inflammation, activation NLRP3 inflammasome, recruitment Th17 cells, hypoxic environment, changes RANKL/OPG signaling. can exert indirect effects on skeleton, mechanical unloading may occur disease (e.g., bed rest) or BMI muscle wasting has also been Muscle cause issues influence bone. Medications used treat negative effect Lastly, worsen conditions diabetes negatively kidney function, all which contribute fracture risk. Summary through multiple direct Future work will needed determine what patient populations are at risk COVID-19-related increases risk, mechanisms behind loss, therapeutic options. This article part series manuscripts designed utility using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
20
Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(1), С. 9 - 13
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2020
Abstract Patients with COVID‐19 disease are prone to develop significant weight loss and clinical cachexia. Three reports altogether 589 patients that reported on cachexia in were identified. Disease severity of the timing assessment during course these variable—65 (11%) intensive care treated at time assessment, 183 (31%) cared for sub‐intensive or intermediate structures. The frequency ≥5% (that defines cachexia) was 37% (range 29–52%). Correlates occurrence be raised C‐reactive protein levels, impaired renal function status, longer duration disease. Underweight status by WHO criteria (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 ) only observed 4% analysing data from seven studies 6661 patients. Cachexia needs loss. associated is understood affect muscle fat tissue as also seen many other chronic illness‐associated forms There factors can contribute body wasting COVID‐19, they include appetite taste, fever inflammation, immobilization, well general malnutrition, catabolic–anabolic imbalance, endocrine dysfunction, organ‐specific complications such cardiac dysfunction. Treatment should a focus nutritional support rehabilitative exercise whenever possible. Specific anti‐cachectic therapies do not exist, but constitute high medical need prevent long‐term disability due acute
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
128
Medicina, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 57(4), С. 372 - 372
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2021
Both laboratory investigations and body composition quantification measures (e.g., computed tomography, CT) portray muscle loss in symptomatic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Muscle is associated with a poor prognosis of the disease. The exact mechanism damage COVID-19 patients, as well long-term consequences injury survivors, are unclear. current review briefly summarizes literature for mechanisms, assessment measures, interventions relevant to skeletal insult likely be attributed cytokine storm, severity, malnutrition, prolonged physical inactivity during intensive care unit (ICU) stays, mechanical ventilation, myotoxic drugs dexamethasone). It has been assessed by imaging non-imaging techniques CT electromyography), performance tests six-minute walk test), anthropometric calf circumference), biomarkers dystrophy creatine kinase). Interventions directed toward minimizing among patients lacking. However, limited evidence shows that respiratory rehabilitation improves function, strength, quality life, anxiety symptoms recovering older Neuromuscular electrical stimulation may restore condition ICU-admitted albeit empirical needed. Given contribution malnutrition severity damage, providing proper nutritional management emaciated one key issues achieve better prevent after-effects Considerable attention longer-term necessary.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
94
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(2), С. 299 - 308
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2021
COVID-19 extra-pulmonary features include several endocrine manifestations and these are becoming strongly clinically relevant in patients affected influencing disease severity outcomes.At the beginning of pandemic no population data on calcium levels were available April 2020 a first case severe acute hypocalcemia an Italian patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported. Subsequently, studies reported as highly prevalent biochemical abnormality marked negative influence severity, inflammation thrombotic markers, mortality. Also high prevalence vertebral fractures worse respiratory impairment widespread vitamin D deficiency have been frequently observed, suggesting emerging "Osteo-Metabolic Phenotype" COVID-19.To date, potential pathophysiological factors hypothesized to play role determining including dependent viral mechanisms action, hypovitaminosis general population, chronic malnutrition during critical illness unbound unsaturated fatty acids inflammatory responses.Since is frequent finding hospitalized possibly predicting outcomes leading cardiovascular neurological complications if severe, it reasonable assess, monitor and, indicated, replace at hospital evaluation hospitalization.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
87