Current Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(24), С. R1555 - R1557
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021
Язык: Английский
Nature Reviews Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Abstract Objective Sedentary behavior significantly increases the risk for chronic diseases and cognitive decline in aging, underscoring need effective interventions. Older adults exhibit a ‘positivity effect’, whereby processing of positive information is prioritized over negative information. In addition, self-affirmation was shown to reduce sedentary younger adults, but its effects older remain unknown. This study tested novel, technology-based intervention combining daily gain-framed health messages adults. Methods 6-week randomized controlled trial (NCT0431536), 48 cognitively unimpaired, were into two groups: The group (mean age=70.0±5.4years) completed based on their highest-ranked value, followed by messages. active control age=68.4±5.0years) performed lowest-ranked loss-framed single-blinded clinical that incorporated hybrid efficacy implementation design. Thus, about feasibility examined. baseline motivational traits, including reward sensitivity, assessed as moderators change. neural basis messaging examined at using task-based, event-related fMRI paradigm across groups, after randomization outset intervention. Results showed high adherence (0.92±0.08) ease-of-use ratings. While did not compared condition, increased sensitivity predicted reduced all participants. FMRI results ventral striatal activation group, during reading neutral Conclusions supports beahvior reduction interventions combined with behavior, engaged network, future behavior.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 62(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Depression has been postulated to relate alterations in both anticipatory (i.e., motivation) and consummatory hedonic pleasure) stages of reward processing. However, few studies have concurrently examined the various processes these stages. Furthermore, little attention paid whether associations are sex-specific, despite increasing evidence sex specificity neural markers internalizing disorders. The current study examines event-related potentials (ERPs) processing recorded during a monetary incentive delay task among community sample n = 309 emerging adults relation self-reported symptoms depression. Regression modeling indicated that greater depressive symptom scores were associated with reduced responsivity feedback increased non-reward (as indexed by Feedback-P3) but only for participants who identified as female at birth. Individual differences Cue-P3 CNV) not either sex. Results models suggest appear be young women. It is possible other dimensions negative affect could more poignant male or may provide an additional description relationship between symptoms.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Challenging prominent neuroscientific conceptions of effort as generally aversive, recent research suggests that people can learn to seek effort. Importantly, it is unknown whether once they value for its instrumentality, experience pleasure when engaging in effortful tasks. In this preregistered study (N = 194), we tested the hypothesis effort-contingent rewards a cognitive task will induce reward-related hedonic facial responses before, during, or after engagement subsequent non-incentivized task. The results showed reward enhanced participants' zygomaticus major (ZM) muscle exertion (consumption phase) task, especially high-difficulty trials. Electrical activity ZM was positively associated with subjective ratings experimental group solving difficult trials, suggesting implicitly tracking Our findings show promotes effort-related experience, indicating itself becomes intrinsically rewarding experienced exertion.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Acta Psychologica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 255, С. 104947 - 104947
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
ABSTRACT The world around us is full of beauty. Explaining a sense the beautiful has beguiled philosophers and artists for millennia, but scientists have also pondered beauty, most notably Darwin, who used beauty to describe sexual ornaments that he argued were subject female mate choice. In doing so, ascribed ‘sense beautiful’ non‐human animals. Darwin's ideas about choice not widely accepted, however. Humans may experience assuming same other animals risks anthropomorphism: we might find tail peacock be beautiful, there no reason believe peahens do. Moreover, choice, resurrected as an object serious study in 1970s, simply requires attraction, necessarily However, recent advances psychology cognitive neuroscience are providing new, mechanistic framework Here take these findings apply them evolutionary biology. First, review progress human empirical aesthetics provide biological definition Central this discovery merely processing information can hedonic reward. As such, propose pleasure fluent processing, independent function or consummatory reward provided by stimulus . We develop context three key attributes (pleasure, interaction, disinterestedness) psychological distinction between ‘wanting’ ‘liking’. Second, show how provides proximate approach studying evolution signalling help resolve some problems, such mating biases evolve. situate within more general animal signals, suggesting only ornaments, traits diverse aposematic signals camouflage. Third, outline variety experimental approaches test whether their intended receivers, including tests fluency impact using behavioural neurological approaches.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 507 - 507
Опубликована: Май 16, 2025
A unified theory of emotion and motivation is updated in which motivational states are instrumental goal-directed actions performed to obtain anticipated rewards or avoid punishers, emotional that elicited when the (conditioned unconditioned) reward punisher not received. This advances our understanding motivation, for same set genes associated brain systems can define primary unlearned punishers such as a sweet taste pain, learn expect therefore produce states. It argued under control goal important emotion, because they require an intervening state action learned goal, is, reward, punisher. The primate including human orbitofrontal cortex computes value, anterior cingulate involved learning goal. In contrast, response overlearned becomes habit with stimulus–response associations, may be less involved. another route output, has effective connectivity inferior frontal gyrus regions language provides declarative reports about subjective produced. Reasoning provide alternative strategies different goals compared systems.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Clinical Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(6), С. 1044 - 1063
Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022
Recent approaches have aimed to represent the dimensional structure of psychopathology, but relatively little research has rigorously tested subdimensions within internalizing psychopathology. Using adult samples harmonized across three sites ( N = 427), this study preregistered models psychopathology and their relations with current lifetime depressive anxiety disorders diagnostic data. Across S-1 bifactor hierarchical models, we found converging evidence for both general specific dimensions. Depression, generalized disorder (GAD), social (SAD), panic attacks were all associated a factor that posit primarily represents motivational anhedonia. GAD was also anxious apprehension factor, SAD low positive affect factors. We suggest capturing shared symptom facets more accurately describe provide useful alternatives categorical diagnoses advance clinical science.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
16
Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024
Abstract Motivational hedonism (often called “psychological hedonism”) claims that everything we do is done in pursuit of pleasure (in the widest sense) and to avoid pain displeasure (again, sense). Although perennially attractive, many philosophers experimental psychologists have claimed refute it. This work shows how decision-science recent science affect can be used construct a form motivational evades all previous critiques. On this view, take decisions by anticipating responding affectively alternatives, with pleasure/displeasure component constituting common currency decision-making. But not believe alternatives will bring us or future. Rather, those feelings get bound into become parts future-directed representation options, rendering latter attractive repulsive. Much then depends on what really are. If they are intrinsically good bad properties experience, for example, results. The author argues, contrast, best account representational one: represents its object (nonconceptually, perception-like manner) as good, it (nonconceptually) bad. result pluralism about human motivation, making room both genuine altruism intrinsic motives duty.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Physiology & Behavior, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 245, С. 113689 - 113689
Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2021
Wanting and liking are both components of food reward, but they manifest in fundamentally different neural substrates. While wanting denotes anticipatory motivational behaviors, is associated with consummatory hedonic experiences. These distinct constructs have also been quantitatively dissociated behavioral paradigms. Indeed, internal, physiological, interoceptive states affect the degree to which presented valued. However, how contextual sensory cues might impact these appetitive rewarding responses remains unexplored. In light increasing empirical focus on sound research, we investigated influence environmental soundscapes explicit liking, wanting, implicit choice frequency, reaction time healthy/unhealthy using an online version Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire (LFPQ). Soft nature sounds loud restaurant noises were employed induce emotional relaxation arousal respectively. One hundred one healthy university students completed a repeated-measure design LFPQ; once each soundscape playing background. Generalized linear mixed model analyses detected significant interaction effect between type yet post hoc did not reach significance. No effects or discovered. hypothesis-driven found that increased (vs. unhealthy) foods, while no any measures (explicit implicit) observed. Finally, exploratory indicated noise sound) induced faster response times for unhealthy foods. The study exemplifies setting, auditory manipulation certain reward decision processes feasible.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
20