From the forest to the city: the persistence of dragonflies and damselflies in the urban jungle

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(1), С. 91 - 113

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023

Abstract Urbanization has driven one of the most substantial transformations in water bodies exposing groups such as aquatic insects to new challenging conditions. Some odonate (dragonflies and damselflies) species persist these transformed environments, but it remains unclear which morphological or behavioral traits allow them survive. Through a bibliographical review we identified 88 urbanization-tolerant 87 urbanization-sensitive worldwide. We searched used phylogenetic path analysis for Anisoptera Zygoptera test make more sensitive urban environments. Our results show that habitat preference was not linked with sensitivity urbanization whereas larger weak sexual dimorphism stood out consistently associated For dragonflies, yellow red colorations tend be less areas while damselflies, territorial areas. discuss underlying mechanisms urban-surviving ability well how can use information conservation purposes.

Язык: Английский

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Community science enhances modelled bee distributions in a tropical Asian city

Biotropica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2024

Abstract Bees and the ecosystem services they provide are vital to urban ecosystems, but little is understood about their distributions, particularly in Asian tropics. This largely due taxonomic impediments limited inventorying, monitoring, digitization of occurrence records. While expert collections (EC) demonstrably insufficient by themselves as a data source model understand bee boom community science (CS) areas provides an untapped opportunity learn distributions within our cities. We used CS observations combination with EC distribution bees Singapore, small tropical city‐state Southeast Asia. To address restricted spatial context, we performed multiple bias corrections show that species models well when estimating habitat specialists distinct range limits detectable Singapore. successfully modelled 37 species, where statistics improved for 23 upon incorporation observations. Nine had obtain acceptable models, could be first study combine both map occurrences highly urbanized region at such fine resolution. Our results suggest landscapes impervious surfaces higher temperatures less suitable findings can advise management optimize diversity pollinators other organisms.

Язык: Английский

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Large uncertainty in trait responses across insects among overall declines in a subtropical city

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(2), С. 312 - 323

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Continued and rapid development of urban environments presents many challenges to organisms living in around cities. Insects are among the most abundant diverse class animals but surprisingly little is known about how species respond urbanisation across clades with varying life histories, especially subtropics tropics. In this study, we sample insect abundance diversity an gradient a subtropical region assess impact on 43 phototactic insects representing eight distinct orders. We also attempted determine which history traits best explain urbanisation. predicted overall loss richness increasing urbanisation, smaller, generalist being least impacted. that above ground larval habitats would be less affected by Overall, decreased both individuals per order, reduced for Hymenoptera Coleoptera. At species‐specific level, negatively impacted not all species, although uncertainty these estimates was high. did identify key determined species' sensitivity Our results showcase may ecosystem function given reduction number individual despite wide variability responses. study emphasises importance selection when designing studies examine responses multiple taxa environmental gradient.

Язык: Английский

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Do leaf traits affect insect herbivory in a Chinese cork oak forest?

New Zealand journal of forestry science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 54

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024

Background: It is widely accepted that certain leaf traits indicating quality play an important role in regulating insect herbivory. Numerous studies have attempted to find a clear relationship between herbivory and traits. However, the results are inconsistent. In particular, it still unclear whether of tree species affect field. Methods: We examined effects including structural defensive (specific area), nutritional (nitrogen content, water soluble sugar content), chemical (tannin content carbon content) on variation among three forest strata (vertical variability) 18 locations (horizontal Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis) landscape. Results: Vertically, low-canopy stratum was significantly higher than other strata, but had little explanatory power for vertical pattern Horizontally, weak negative while tannin divergent different strata. Conclusions: Leaf selected this study forests we studied. These may be masked by abiotic biotic factors, further examination needed.

Язык: Английский

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Insect herbivory on Acer rubrum varies across income and urbanization gradients in the D.C. metropolitan area

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Abstract Urbanization has increased wealth disparity within the United States, impacting urban landscape and species interactions. In particular, interactions between street trees arthropod communities that live among them may be modified by both human population densities across to suburban locations, as well income levels these areas. We examined effect of land use type (urban vs suburban) median household on variation in leaf damage abundance red maples ( Acer rubrum ) District Columbia metropolitan region. compared rates observed a nearby natural forest. predicted would positively correlated with urbanization (forested < urban) negative relationship neighborhood level (low > medium high). Instead, we higher forest environment Leaves from high-income areas were less likely exhibit herbivore than those Of leaves any damage, low-income exhibited most area missing. These trends related specific factors associated level, such tree impervious surface coverage pesticide use. This study highlights differences biotic individual neighborhoods importance including socio-economic variables (e.g., income) when examining developed environments.

Язык: Английский

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Diet of moulting Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) and Tennessee Warblers (Leiothlypis peregrina) at a stopover site during fall migration measured with fecal DNA metabarcoding

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Moult and migration are energetically demanding require adequate nutrition. In some species, individuals may interrupt their fall to moult at discrete stopover locations outside of breeding grounds (i.e., moult-migration) leading competing nutritional demands for migration. Here, we use DNA barcoding fecal samples compare the diet moulting actively migrating (post-moult) Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) Tennessee Warblers (Leiothlypis peregrina) during a large urban greenspace in Montreal, Canada. Diet differed according status, seasonality. had broad with frequent detections both insects berry-producing shrubs; while Warblers' diets were mainly arthropods. For more consumed fleshy-fruiting plants than individuals. A higher proportion birds arthropods compared active migrants, due either arthropod availability or dietary preference proteinaceous foods grow feathers. Both species classes native non-native later season. We show importance managing greenspaces diverse food sources that can provide different needs migratory birds.

Язык: Английский

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Behavioural changes in the city: The common black garden ant defends aphids more aggressively in urban environments

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Urbanisation alters biodiversity patterns and threatens to disrupt mutualistic interactions. Aside from pollination, however, little is known about how mutualisms change in cities. Our study aimed assess urbanisation affects the protective mutualism between ants aphids, investigating potential behavioural changes their implications for aphids urban environments. To do so, we studied pink tansy aphid ( Metopeurum fuscoviride ) black garden ant Lasius niger along an gradient Berlin, Germany. In nine locations this gradient, measured colony dynamics proxies parasitism, quantified investment of tending conducted assays test aggressiveness responses a simulated attack on aphids. We found that colonies flourished were equally tended by across with consistent positive density dependence numbers. However, more urbanised sites responded aggressively attack. findings suggest not only maintained city, but might even rely it defend aggressively, as other food resources may become scarce unpredictable urbanisation. thereby provide unique insights into type further diversifying growing body work gradients.

Язык: Английский

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Is urbanization a driver of aboveground biomass allocation in a widespread tropical shrub, Turnera subulata (Turneroideae - Passifloraceae)?

Journal of Plant Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 137(5), С. 879 - 892

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Galls in the city: Effects of urbanization on the interaction of a highly specialized fly (Neolasioptera sp) and a wildflower (Turnera subulata) in tropical environments

Urban Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(1), С. 27 - 39

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Substantial urbanization-driven declines of larval and adult moths in a subtropical environment

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2023

Abstract Recent work has shown the decline of insect abundance, diversity, and biomass, with potential implications for ecosystem services. These declines are especially pronounced in regions high human activity, urbanization is emerging as a significant contributing factor. However, scale these traits that determine variation species-specific responses remain less well understood, subtropical tropical regions, where diversity urban footprints rapidly expanding. Here, we surveyed moths across an entire year protected forested sites gradient to test how caterpillar adult life stages (Lepidoptera) impacted by urbanization. Specifically, assess development affects total abundance caterpillars moths, quantify richness phylogenetic macro-moths development. Additionally, effects warming on macro-moth while accounting explore life-history condition species’ stressors. At community level, find decreases biomass moth abundance. We also sharp adults response phylogeny, leading decrease species more sites. Finally, our study found smaller than larger macro- environments, perhaps highlighting tradeoffs metabolic costs heat island favoring over relative benefits dispersal moths. In summary, research underscores far-reaching consequences provides compelling evidence forests alone may not be sufficient safeguard biodiversity cities.

Язык: Английский

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