Recent advances in insect thermoregulation

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226(18)

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023

Ambient temperature (Ta) is a critical abiotic factor for insects that cannot maintain constant body (Tb). Interestingly, Ta varies during the day, between seasons and habitats; must constantly cope with these variations to avoid reaching deleterious effects of thermal stress. To minimize risks, have evolved set physiological behavioral thermoregulatory processes as well molecular responses allow them survive perform under various conditions. These strategies range from actively seeking an adequate environment, cooling down through evaporation fluids synthesizing heat shock proteins prevent damage at cellular level after exposure. In contrast, endothermy may insect fight parasitic infections, fly within large facilitate nest defense. Since May (1979), Casey (1988) Heinrich (1993) reviewed literature on thermoregulation, hundreds scientific articles been published subject new insights in several groups emerged. particular, technical advancements provided better understanding mechanisms underlying processes. This present Review aims provide overview findings focus groups, including blood-feeding arthropods, explore impact thermoregulation exposure immunity pathogen development. Finally, it provides into current knowledge gaps field discusses context climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of forest insect populations under climate change

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 56, С. 101020 - 101020

Опубликована: Март 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Extreme weather events have strong but different impacts on plant and insect phenology

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Extensive regional variation in the phenology of insects and their response to temperature across North America

Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 104(5)

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Climate change models often assume similar responses to temperatures across the range of a species, but local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity can lead plants and animals respond differently temperature in different parts their range. To date, there have been few tests this assumption at scale continents, so it is unclear if large-scale problem. Here, we examined that insect taxa show 96 sites grassy habitats North America. We sampled insects with Malaise traps during 2019-2021 (N = 1041 samples) biomass relation time season. Our samples mostly contained Diptera (33%), Lepidoptera (19%), Hymenoptera (18%), Coleoptera (10%). found strong regional differences phenology response temperature, even within same taxonomic group, habitat type, For example, nematoceran flies increased season central part continent, only showed small increase Northeast seasonal decline Southeast West. At smaller scale, operating on days was correlated up ~75 km apart. Large-scale geographic phenological variation abundance has not studied well, major source controversy previous analyses declines aggregated studies from locations periods. study illustrates predictions about changes populations, causes, will need incorporate temperature.

Язык: Английский

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A quantitative model of temperature-dependent diapause progression

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(36)

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Winter diapause in insects is commonly terminated through cold exposure, which, like vernalization plants, prevents development before spring arrives. Currently, quantitative understanding of the temperature dependence termination limited, likely because phenotypes are generally cryptic to human eyes. We introduce a methodology tackle this challenge. By consecutively moving butterfly pupae species Pieris napi from several different conditions 20 °C, we show that proceeds as temperature-dependent rate process, with maximal rates at relatively temperatures and low warm extremely temperatures. Further, resulting thermal reaction norm can predict P. timing under variable Last, once , subsequent follows typical performance curve, around 31 °C minimum 2 °C. The sequence these thermally distinct processes (diapause postdiapause development) facilitates synchronous eclosion nature; microclimates where progresses quickly do not promote fast development, allowing individuals warmer winter catch up, vice versa. unveiling one process among others promotes parsimonious, quantitative, predictive model, wherein functions both an adaptation against premature during fall for synchrony spring.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Different Temperatures on Activity of the Pest Monolepta hieroglyphica Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Insects, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 222 - 222

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is widely distributed in China and polyphorous, being a major pest to cash crops, such as corn, cotton, millet. Given the increasing severity of greenhouse effect recent years, we aimed investigate adaptability M. adults varying temperatures. In this study, assessed survival, longevity, fecundity, feeding capacity, antioxidant capacity leaf beetle under laboratory conditions at 25-34 °C. Elevated temperatures (i.e., 31 34 °C) had (negative) impacts on adults' survival reproduction. Similarly, temperature negatively affected adults, with impact becoming more pronounced increased. Under same treatment time, SOD CAT activity levels increased increase temperature. The GST showed decreasing trend. POD biphasic response temperatures, first then increasing. above indicates that different enzymes have sensitivity high laboratory, our work analyzes from ecological physiological research perspectives provides strategies for strengthening its subsequent integrated management (IPM) global warming or extreme weather events.

Язык: Английский

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Potential for bird–insect phenological mismatch in a tri‐trophic system

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Climate change is altering the seasonal timing of biological events across tree life. Phenological asynchrony has potential to hasten population declines and disrupt ecosystem function. However, we lack broad comparisons degree sensitivity common phenological cues multiple trophic levels. Overcoming complexity integrating data levels essential for identifying spatial locations species which mismatches are most likely occur. Here, synthesized over 15 years three estimate four interacting in eastern North America: green-up forest canopy trees, emergence adult Lepidoptera arrival subsequent breeding migratory birds. We next quantified magnitude shift per one unit springtime temperature accumulation as measured by accumulated growing days (GDD). expected responses spring be related physiology, thus predicting a weaker response birds GDD than that insects plants. found insect plant phenology indeed had similarly strong GDD, while bird lower sensitivity. also vegetation were more sensitive higher latitudes, but was less latitudes. Migratory with slow migration pace, early arrivals northerly wintering grounds shifted their most. Across Eastern Temperate Forests, similar shifts support use remotely sensed track how food resources shifting climate change. Our results indicate that, our plant-insect-bird system, bird-insect link greater mismatch insect-plant link, risk decoupling at

Язык: Английский

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Weather anomalies more important than climate means in driving insect phenology

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

Abstract Studies of long-term trends in phenology often rely on climatic averages or accumulated heat, overlooking climate variability. Here we test the hypothesis that unusual weather conditions are critical driving adult insect phenology. First, generate phenological estimates for Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) across Eastern USA, over a 70 year period, using natural history collections data. Next, assemble set predictors, including number unusually warm cold days prior to, during, flight period. We then use phylogenetically informed linear mixed effects models to evaluate events, context, species traits, their interactions onset, offset duration. find increasing numbers both were strong effects, dramatically This effect duration is likely driven by differential onset termination dynamics. For impact dependent but cessation, more always lead later particularly multivoltine species. These results show understanding responses under global change must account especially given they predicted increase frequency severity.

Язык: Английский

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One genome, multiple phenotypes: decoding the evolution and mechanisms of environmentally induced developmental plasticity in insects

Biochemical Society Transactions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 51(2), С. 675 - 689

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Plasticity in developmental processes gives rise to remarkable environmentally induced phenotypes. Some of the most striking and well-studied examples plasticity are seen insects. For example, beetle horn size responds nutritional state, butterfly eyespots enlarged response temperature humidity, environmental cues also give queen worker castes eusocial These phenotypes arise from essentially identical genomes an cue during development. Developmental is taxonomically widespread, affects individual fitness, may act as a rapid-response mechanism allowing individuals adapt changing environments. Despite importance prevalence plasticity, there remains scant mechanistic understanding how it works or evolves. In this review, we use key discuss what known about insects identify fundamental gaps current knowledge. We highlight working towards fully integrated diverse range species. Furthermore, advocate for comparative studies evo-devo framework address

Язык: Английский

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Variation in Thermal Sensitivity of Diapause Development among Individuals and over Time Predicts Life History Timing in a Univoltine Insect

The American Naturalist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 203(6), С. E200 - E217

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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