Insecticides, more than herbicides, land use, and climate, are associated with declines in butterfly species richness and abundance in the American Midwest

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(6), С. e0304319 - e0304319

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Mounting evidence shows overall insect abundances are in decline globally. Habitat loss, climate change, and pesticides have all been implicated, but their relative effects never evaluated a comprehensive large-scale study. We harmonized 17 years of land use, climate, multiple classes pesticides, butterfly survey data across 81 counties five states the US Midwest. find community-wide declines total abundance species richness to be most strongly associated with insecticides general, for use neonicotinoid-treated seeds particular. This included migratory monarch ( Danaus plexippus ), whose is focus intensive debate public concern. Insect cannot understood without on putative drivers, 2015 cessation neonicotinoid releases will impede future research.

Язык: Английский

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A case for assemblage-level conservation to address the biodiversity crisis

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Continental declines in North American small mammal populations

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 306, С. 111109 - 111109

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Advances in understanding Lepidoptera cold tolerance

Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 125, С. 103992 - 103992

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence correctly classifies developmental stages of monarch caterpillars enabling better conservation through the use of community science photographs

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Rapid technological advances and growing participation from amateur naturalists have made countless images of insects in their natural habitats available on global web portals. Despite automated species identification, traits like developmental stage or health remain underexplored manually annotated, with limited focus automating these features. As a proof-of-concept, we developed computer vision model utilizing the YOLOv5 algorithm to accurately detect monarch butterfly caterpillars photographs classify them into five stages (instars). The training data were obtained iNaturalist portal, first classified annotated by experts allow supervised models. Our best trained demonstrates excellent performance object detection, achieving mean average precision score 95% across all instars. In terms classification, YOLOv5l version yielded performance, reaching 87% instar classification accuracy for classes test set. approach show promise developing detection models insects, resource that can be used large-scale mechanistic studies. These photos hold valuable untapped information, we've released our collection as an open dataset support replication expansion methods.

Язык: Английский

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Milkweed in agricultural field margins - A neonicotinoid exposure route for pollinators at multiple life stages

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 951, С. 175622 - 175622

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2024

Neonicotinoid insecticides move from targeted crops to wildflowers located in adjacent field margins, acting as a potential exposure source for wild pollinators and insect species of conservation concern, including monarch butterflies. Monarchs rely on milkweed over multiple life stages, host plant eggs food both larvae (leaves) adults (flowers). Milkweeds, which are closely associated with can contain neonicotinoid residues, but previous assessments constrained single tissue type. In 2017 2018, we sampled milkweeds 95 margins crop fields (corn, soybean, hay, wheat, barley) agricultural landscapes eastern Ontario, Canada. Milkweeds were during the flower blooming period leaves tissues analysed. The neonicotinoids acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid detected. Maximum concentrations leaf samples included 10.30 ng/g clothianidin 2017, 24.4 thiamethoxam 2018. Clothianidin percent detections flowers (72 % 61 %, respectively) significantly higher than (24 31 respectively). Thiamethoxam paired (median 0.33 vs <0.07 ng/g) while also trended 0.18-0.55 <0.18 ng/g). Only showed significant differences between years, found no effect type, soybean corn all yielding 50-56 leaves. We older young or (medians 0.87 0.45 Our results highlight importance considering variation type age risk assessments. Efforts increase availability should consider how be mitigated.

Язык: Английский

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Insecticides, more than herbicides, land use, and climate, are associated with declines in butterfly species richness and abundance in the American Midwest

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2022

Abstract Mounting evidence shows overall insect abundances are in decline globally. Habitat loss, climate change, and pesticides have all been implicated, but their relative effects never evaluated a comprehensive large-scale study. We harmonized 17 years of land use, climate, multiple classes pesticides, butterfly survey data across 81 counties five states the US Midwest. find community-wide declines total abundance species richness to be most strongly associated with general, for butterflies use neonicotinoid-treated seeds particular. This included migratory monarch ( Danaus plexippus ), whose is focus intensive debate public concern. Insect cannot understood without on putative drivers, 2015 cessation neonicotinoid releases will impede future research. One Sentence Summary Shifts insecticide towards an 8 percent diversity American Corn Belt.

Язык: Английский

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Editorial overview: Spotlight on monarch butterflies: A treasure trove of biology to preserve

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61, С. 101152 - 101152

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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