Clocks & Sleep,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
5(4), С. 686 - 716
Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023
Explaining
the
complex
structure
and
dynamics
of
sleep,
which
consist
alternating
physiologically
distinct
nonREM
REM
sleep
episodes,
has
posed
a
significant
challenge.
In
this
study,
we
demonstrate
that
single-wave
model
concept
captures
distinctly
different
overnight
four
primary
measures-the
duration
intensity
episodes-with
high
quantitative
precision
for
both
regular
extended
sleep.
The
also
accurately
predicts
how
these
polysomnographic
measures
respond
to
deprivation
or
abundance.
Furthermore,
passes
ultimate
test,
as
its
prediction
leads
novel
experimental
finding-an
invariant
relationship
between
episodes
product
remains
constant
over
consecutive
cycles.
These
results
suggest
functional
unity
establishing
comprehensive
framework
understanding
normal
disorders.
Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
377(6609), С. 999 - 1004
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2022
Since
the
discovery
of
rapid
eye
movement
(REM)
sleep,
nature
movements
that
characterize
this
sleep
phase
has
remained
elusive.
Do
they
reveal
gaze
shifts
in
virtual
environment
dreams
or
simply
reflect
random
brainstem
activity?
We
harnessed
head
direction
(HD)
system
mouse
thalamus,
a
neuronal
population
whose
activity
reports,
awake
mice,
their
actual
HD
as
explore
and,
sleeping
HD.
discovered
and
amplitude
during
REM
ongoing
changes
Thus,
disclose
world
thereby
providing
window
into
cognitive
processes
brain.
Identifying
different
sleep
stages
in
humans
and
other
mammals
has
traditionally
relied
on
electroencephalograms.
Such
an
approach
is
not
feasible
certain
animals
such
as
invertebrates,
although
these
could
also
be
sleeping
stages.
Here,
we
perform
long-term
multichannel
local
field
potential
recordings
the
brains
of
behaving
flies
undergoing
spontaneous
bouts.
We
acquired
consistent
spatial
potentials
across
multiple
flies,
allowing
us
to
compare
brain
activity
awake
periods.
Using
machine
learning,
uncover
distinct
temporal
explore
associated
spectral
features
fly
brain.
Further,
analyze
electrophysiological
correlates
microbehaviors
with
confirm
existence
a
stage
rhythmic
proboscis
extensions
show
that
this
sleep-related
behavior
differ
significantly
from
those
same
during
wakefulness,
indicating
dissociation
between
states
wherein
behaviors
reside.
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(8), С. 1201 - 1201
Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023
Accurate
sleep
stage
detection
is
crucial
for
diagnosing
disorders
and
tailoring
treatment
plans.
Polysomnography
(PSG)
considered
the
gold
standard
assessment
since
it
captures
a
diverse
set
of
physiological
signals.
While
various
studies
have
employed
complex
neural
networks
staging
using
PSG,
our
research
emphasises
efficacy
simpler
more
efficient
architecture.
We
aimed
to
integrate
feature
extraction
measures
with
straightforward
machine
learning,
potentially
offering
avenue
staging.
also
conduct
comprehensive
comparative
analysis
measures,
including
power
spectral
density,
Higuchi
fractal
dimension,
singular
value
decomposition
entropy,
permutation
detrended
fluctuation
analysis,
coupled
several
machine-learning
models,
XGBoost,
Extra
Trees,
Random
Forest,
LightGBM.
Furthermore,
data
augmentation
methods
like
Synthetic
Minority
Oversampling
Technique
were
rectify
inherent
class
imbalance
in
data.
The
subsequent
results
highlighted
that
XGBoost
classifier,
when
used
combination
all
as
an
ensemble,
achieved
highest
performance,
accuracies
87%,
90%,
93%,
96%,
97%
average
F1-scores
84.6%,
89%,
90.33%,
93.5%,
93.5%
distinguishing
between
five-stage,
four-stage,
three-stage,
two
distinct
two-stage
configurations,
respectively.
This
combined
technique
represents
novel
addition
body
achieves
higher
performance
than
many
recently
developed
deep
by
utilising
models.
Sleep
in
mammals
can
be
broadly
classified
into
two
different
physiological
categories:
rapid
eye
movement
(REM)
sleep
and
slow-wave
(SWS),
accordingly
REM
SWS
are
thought
to
achieve
a
set
of
functions.
The
fruit
fly
Drosophila
melanogaster
is
increasingly
being
used
as
model
understand
functions,
although
it
remains
unclear
if
the
brain
also
engages
kinds
well.
Here,
we
compare
commonly
approaches
for
studying
experimentally
:
optogenetic
activation
sleep-promoting
neurons
provision
drug,
gaboxadol.
We
find
that
these
sleep-induction
methods
have
similar
effects
on
increasing
duration,
but
divergent
activity.
Transcriptomic
analysis
reveals
drug-induced
deep
(‘quiet’
sleep)
mostly
downregulates
metabolism
genes,
whereas
‘active’
upregulates
wide
range
genes
relevant
normal
waking
This
suggests
optogenetics
pharmacological
induction
promote
features
sleep,
which
engage
sets
their
respective
The Neuroscientist,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
It
is
a
widely
held
opinion
that
sleep
important
for
human
brain
health.
Here
we
examine
the
evidence
this
view,
focusing
on
normal
variations
in
patterns.
We
discuss
functions
of
and
highlight
paradoxical
implications
theories
seeing
as
an
adaptive
capacity
versus
theory
benefits
clearance
metabolic
waste
from
brain.
also
evaluate
proposition
plays
active
role
consolidation
memories.
Finally,
review
research
possible
effects
chronic
deprivation
find
causal
health
surprisingly
weak
relative
to
amount
attention
science
society.
While
there
are
well-established
associations
between
parameters
aspects
health,
results
generally
not
consistent
across
studies
measures,
it
clear
what
extent
alterations
patterns
represent
symptoms
or
causes.
Especially,
long
(>8
hours)
general
beneficial
long-term
humans
seems
lack
empirical
support.
suggest
directions
future
establish
solid
foundation
knowledge
about
based
longitudinal
with
frequent
sampling,
individual
differences,
more
ecologically
valid
intervention
studies.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 125 - 162
Опубликована: Май 22, 2025
Abstract
In
comparison
to
many
other
medical
and
biological
fields,
sleep
science
medicine
have
only
more
recently
begun
using
genetic
approaches
uncover
questions
regarding
the
nature,
regulation,
function
of
sleep.
This
is
due
in
part
challenge
phenotyping
sleep,
a
phenomenon
that
can
be
fully
defined
with
multiple
behavioral
electrophysiological
characteristics.
Sleep
research
has
yet
gene(s)
core,
master,
or
critical
regulator
instead
finding
genes
diverse
functions
impact
Thus,
question
whether
core
exists
remains
unanswered.
this
chapter,
authors
review
what
constitutes
successful
screening
how
model
organisms
from
nematodes,
flies,
fish,
mice,
human
genetics
helped
evolutionarily
conserved
mechanisms
behind
They
categorize
molecular
systems
are
necessary
for
normal
contribute
pathological
into
four
main
categories:
circadian,
neurotransmission,
brain
development,
need
genes.
Finally,
they
discuss
direction
field
current
impending
challenges
uncovering
its
functions.
Journal of Comparative Physiology B,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
194(3), С. 241 - 252
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024
Abstract
Sleep
is
an
essential
and
evolutionarily
conserved
process
that
affects
many
biological
functions
are
also
strongly
regulated
by
cellular
metabolism.
The
interdependence
between
sleep
homeostasis
redox
metabolism,
in
particular,
such
deprivation
causes
metabolic
imbalances
the
form
of
over-production
ROS.
Likewise
(and
vice
versa),
accumulation
ROS
leads
to
greater
pressure.
Thus,
it
theorized
one
act
as
brain’s
“antioxidant”
at
night
clearing
oxidation
built
up
from
daily
stress
active
day
phase.
In
this
review,
we
will
highlight
evidence
linking
regulation
metabolism
discussing
(1)
bipartite
role
sleep–wake
neuropeptides
hormones
have
through
comparing
cross-species
molecular
mechanisms,
(2)
changes
accompanied
development
loss
cavefish,
finally,
(3)
some
challenges
uncovering
mechanism
underpinning
how
builds
pressure
cellularly,
cleared.
