Political polarization and health

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(11), С. 3085 - 3093

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2024

In addition to social determinants of health, such as economic resources, education, access care and various environmental factors, there is growing evidence that political polarization poses a substantial risk individual collective well-being. Here we review the impact on public health. We describe different forms how they are connected health outcomes, highlighting COVID-19 pandemic case study risks polarization. then offer strategies for mitigating potential harms associated with polarization, an emphasis building trust. Finally, propose future research directions this topic, underscore need more work in global context encourage greater collaboration between scientists medical scientists. conclude serious—if largely overlooked—determinant whose impacts must be thoroughly understood mitigated. Political understudied determinant This Review describes types populations individuals, including mitigation priorities.

Язык: Английский

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Authority or autonomy? Philosophical and psychological perspectives on deference to experts

Philosophical Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 36

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Disagreement as a way to study misinformation and its effects

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Experts consider misinformation a significant societal concern due to its associated problems like political polarization, erosion of trust, and public health challenges. However, these broad effects can occur independently misinformation, illustrating misalignment with the narrow focus prevailing concept. We propose using disagreement—conflicting attitudes beliefs—as more effective framework for studying effects. This approach, example, reveals limitations current interventions offers method empirically test whether we are living in post-truth era.

Язык: Английский

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Who Falls for Misinformation and Why?

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Misinformation is widespread, but only some people accept the false information they encounter. This raises two questions: Who falls for misinformation, and why do fall misinformation? To address these questions, studies investigated associations between 15 individual-difference dimensions judgments of misinformation as true. Using Signal Detection Theory, further whether obtained are driven by individual differences in truth sensitivity, acceptance threshold, or myside bias. For both political (Study 1) about COVID-19 vaccines 2), sensitivity was positively associated with cognitive reflection actively open-minded thinking, negatively bullshit receptivity conspiracy mentality. Although threshold bias explained considerable variance true, neither showed robust measured dimensions. The findings provide deeper insights into susceptibility uncover critical gaps their scientific understanding.

Язык: Английский

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Susceptibility to online misinformation: A systematic meta-analysis of demographic and psychological factors

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(47)

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024

Nearly five billion people use and receive news through social media there is widespread concern about the negative consequences of misinformation on (e.g., election interference, vaccine hesitancy). Despite a burgeoning body research misinformation, it remains largely unclear who susceptible to why. To address this, we conducted systematic individual participant data meta-analysis covering 256,337 unique choices made by 11,561 US-based participants across 31 experiments. Our reveals impact key demographic psychological factors online veracity judgments. We also disentangle ability discern between true false (discrimination ability) from response bias, that is, tendency label as either (true-news bias) or (false-news bias). Across all studies, were well above-chance accurate for both (68.51%) (67.24%) headlines. find older age, higher analytical thinking skills, identifying Democrat are associated with discrimination ability. Additionally, age skills false-news bias (caution). In contrast, ideological congruency (alignment participants’ ideology news), motivated reflection (higher being greater effect), self-reported familiarity true-news (naïvety). experiments MTurk show than those Lucid. Displaying sources alongside headlines improved ability, Republicans benefiting more source display. results provide critical insights can help inform design targeted interventions.

Язык: Английский

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The dark side of the Internet: Fueling misinformation in the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2020 US Presidential Election

Communication and the Public, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Characterized by robust technical anonymity and a conspicuous absence of stringent regulations, the dark side Internet represent less illuminated aspects digital world. This study analyzed national survey conducted in United States November 2020 ( N = 702) to understand relationship between using misinformation beliefs both public health political context. With help propensity score matching instrumental variables, results reveal that users are more inclined believe about COVID-19 pandemic US Presidential Election. Overall, findings significantly contribute existing body knowledge concerning social impacts technologies grant high level user while operating with minimal regulatory oversight.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the Impact of AI-Generated Deepfakes on Public Opinion, Political Discourse, and Personal Security in Social Media

IEEE Security & Privacy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(4), С. 115 - 122

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Engaging with Conspiracy Believers

Review of Philosophy and Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

Abstract Conspiracy theories abound in social and political discourse, believed by millions of people around the world. In this article, we highlight when it is important to engage with who believe conspiracy review recent literature highlighting how best do so. We first summarise research on potentially damaging consequences beliefs for individuals, including related psychopathology. also focus groups, societies, importance understanding addressing beliefs. then theories, specifically goal reduce susceptibility other types misinformation. interpersonal strategies communicate individuals large-scale designed within broader communities.

Язык: Английский

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Susceptibility to Online Misinformation: A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Psychological Factors

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Nearly five billion people use and receive news through social media there is widespread concern about the negative consequences of misinformation on (e.g., election interference, vaccine hesitancy). Despite a burgeoning body research misinformation, it remains largely unclear who susceptible to why. To address this, we conducted systematic individual participant data meta-analysis covering 256,337 unique choices made by 11,561 US-based participants across 31 experiments. Our reveals impact key demographic psychological factors online veracity judgments. We also disentangle ability discern between true false (discrimination ability) from response bias, that is, tendency label as either (true-news bias) or (false-news bias). Across all studies, were well above-chance accurate for both (68.51%) (67.24%) headlines. find older age, higher analytical thinking skills, identifying Democrat are associated with discrimination ability. Additionally, age skills false-news bias (caution). In contrast, ideological congruency (alignment participants’ ideology news), motivated reflection (higher being greater effect), self-reported familiarity true-news (naïvety). experiments MTurk show than those Lucid. Displaying sources alongside headlines improved ability, Republicans benefiting more source display. results provide critical insights can help inform design targeted interventions.

Язык: Английский

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What does my group consider moral?: How social influence shapes moral expressions

Опубликована: Май 8, 2024

Although morality is often characterized as a set of stable values that are deeply held, we argue moral expressions highly malleable and sensitive to social norms. For instance, norms can either lead people exaggerate their (such on media) or restrain them in professional settings). In this paper, discuss why subject influence by considering two goals govern influence: affiliation (the desire affiliate with one’s group) accuracy be accurate ambiguous situations). Different from other domains influence, satisfy both (“I want fit the group”) do right thing”). As such, fundamental question governing is: “what does my group consider moral?” We central consideration achieves underlying drives expressions. outline ways which shapes expressions, unconsciously copying others’ behavior expressing outrage gain status within group. Finally, describe when same result different behaviors, highlighting how context-specific encourage (or discourage) explain framework will helpful understanding identity, norms, contexts shape

Язык: Английский

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