Intersectional climate justice, health equity, and HIV

The Lancet HIV, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(5), С. e280 - e281

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Indigenous Knowledge System and Agricultural Drought Adaptation in the uMkhanyakude District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal

Journal of Asian and African Studies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

By deploying an intersectional feminist political ecology analysis, this paper explores small-scale farmers’ (SSFs’) experiences and responses to agricultural drought in the uMkhanyakude District Municipality, South Africa. A mixed methods approach was employed, incorporating a household questionnaire survey, analysed using Microsoft Excel complemented by qualitative observations document review, both of which underwent reflexive thematic analysis. The impacts were particularly pronounced district, affecting productivity through reduced crop growth, extensive failures increased livestock mortality. In addition, study’s findings reveal how structural aspects gender, shaped social cultural norms institutions, can exacerbate gendered drought. SSFs actively leveraged indigenous knowledge system (IKS) for adaptation, challenging dominant Eurocentric approaches. efficacy IKS agriculture its role enhancing SSFs’ resilience underscores indispensability policy adaptation programmes. Furthermore, study highlights potential ways address mitigate disparities among avoiding simplistic apolitical measures. Instead, it advocates nuanced contextually appropriate measures ensure effective equitable adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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Association between water insecurity and antiretroviral therapy adherence among pregnant and postpartum women in Greater Accra region of Ghana

PLOS Global Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1), С. e0002747 - e0002747

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

Background Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can substantially reduce morbidity and mortality among women living with HIV (WLWH) prevent vertical transmission of HIV. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), more than 50% new mothers discontinue ART care after childbirth. The role water insecurity (WI) adherence is not well-explored. We examined the relationship between WI pregnant postpartum WLWH Greater Accra region Ghana. Methods Using a cross-sectional survey, we recruited 176 on across 11 health facilities. association (measured using Household Water Insecurity Experience Scale, categorized as moderate severe compard low WI) poor (defined scoring below average observed CASE index score). Bivariate analysis was performed chi-square test followed by multivariate logistic regression models. included all variables p-values less 0.20 analysis. Results Most (79.5%) enrolled ART, were urban residents. Over 2/3 aged 30 years older. Overall, 33.5% respondents had adherence. Proportion 19.4% those WI, 44.4% 40.0% high WI. Respondents household greater odds reporting adherence, compared (adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.14–6.66, p 0.024), even adjusting for food insecurity. Similarly, (aOR 1.49, 0.50–4.48, 0.479), Conclusion prevalent significant risk factor Governments other stakeholders working provision should prioritize security programming along continuum.

Язык: Английский

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The Application of Systems Thinking to the Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmissible Infections among Adolescents and Adults: A Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(9), С. 5708 - 5708

Опубликована: Май 2, 2023

Systems thinking is a mechanism for making sense of complex systems that challenge linear explanations cause-and-effect. While the prevention and control sexually transmissible infections (STIs) has been identified as an area may benefit from systems-level analyses, no review on subject currently exists. The aim this study to conduct scoping identify literature in which applied STIs among adolescent adult populations. Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines reviews were followed. Five databases searched English-language studies published after 2011. A total n = 6102 screened against inclusion criteria 70 included review. majority (n 34) conducted African nations. Few focused priority sub-populations, 93% HIV 65). most commonly method was system dynamics modelling 28). highlights areas future research, including need more STI on: (1) migrant Indigenous populations; (2) conditions such syphilis; (3) innovations pre-exposure prophylaxis at-home testing HIV. conceptual clarity around ‘systems thinking’ also highlighted.

Язык: Английский

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A Crop water stress index based on Remote Sensing methods for monitoring drought in an Arid area

Remote Sensing Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(8), С. 890 - 900

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023

Agricultural drought monitoring plays a vital role in ensuring food production, rational allocation and utilization of water resources, maintaining stable rapid economic development. The remote sensing method enables quick non-destructively assessment agriculture through crop moisture stress index (CWSI). However, existing CWSI methods suffer from limited applicability complex calculations. To address these issues, this study introduces new approach, CWSI-NM, which estimates by using nonparametric approach (NP) to estimate actual evapotranspiration the MOD16 Penman-Monteith (P-M) algorithm potential evapotranspiration. Applying Landsat 8 images CLDAS datasets, found that CWSI-NM provides clearer spatial representation compared TVDI. Furthermore, correlation coefficient between ground-observed soil content is 0.82, higher than traditional (0.69) TVDI (0.65), indicating more suitable for describing stress. results also indicate strong ground observed at cropland (the cropland, forest, grassland sites was 0.91, 0.86, 0.85, respectively), track much better with significant negative variation water. Thus, reliable long-term analysis, particularly assessing spatial-temporal changes related factors agricultural drought.

Язык: Английский

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Chicken dumping in South Africa and the long-term effects on local commercial chicken farming industry: a review

African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(2), С. 25559 - 25577

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

The aim of this article is to highlight the effects chicken dumping trade on South African local commercial farming industry. high cost in has risen and created a fertile ground for overseas countries where production costs are low intensify their exports Africa excess products at lower price. farmers already facing domestic challenges which includes high-cost feed, importing lines resources produce meat chicken. A single fertilised Ross 308 / Cobb 500 Fertile egg least R2.50 ($0.12), whereas international, breeders source these genetic over $1 an egg. Locally, there persistent drought, diseases, electricity shortages (load shedding). These inevitably raise US, Brazil EU industries highly subsidised experience no or load shedding. In perspective, imported from R9 per kg as compared locally produced R25 kg. To mitigate trade, government imposed legally sound import tariffs up 62 %, however August 2022, suspended due rising food hope that cheap dumped would provide relief financially stressed consumers. This move raffled feathers within sector struggling sustain farms stiff competition with low-priced chicken, predominantly US. More shedding jobs. As 2023, poultry industry employs estimated total 70,000 people, others questioning sustainability enterprises going forward if country not controlled via stringent legislation include appropriate tariffs. suggests both industry, importers should hold regular dialogs get common before majority close shops dumping. engagements between could avoid seemingly unilateral suspension Subsidies absorb some operation cost, case US Brazilian be introduced. Key words: Chicken dumping, farming, sustainability,

Язык: Английский

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Factors Influencing on Drought Distress: A Study on Vulnerable Communities in Rural Karnataka, India

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

The present study examined the factors influencing on drought distress among vulnerable communities in rural Karnataka, India. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. A sample of 264 interviewed, 13 measured variables were identified, a 5-point Likert scale used to validate study. results indicate that three contribute drought: Drought Distress Factors (DDF), Economic (EF), Social (SF). This further revealed are most distressed by deficits because frequent incidents drought, high temperatures due climate change, losses agricultural income generation livelihood activities, which leading challenges sustaining livelihoods communities. Subsequently, government should compensate for such as crop damage livestock, insurance can be introduced providing skill-based training, sustain

Язык: Английский

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Does climate change threaten delivery of HIV care in resource-limited settings?

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024

Purpose of review Extreme weather events (EWEs) pose a challenge to achieving UNAIDS goal eliminating HIV as public health threat by 2030. This summarizes recent findings describing the disruption services EWEs and discusses strategies for resilient care programme in resource-limited settings. Recent impact each component continuum – testing, linkage treatment, viral suppression other prevention services. disrupt healthcare provision either through impacting ability system deliver because infrastructure damage increased workload or limiting people's seek access challenges forced displacements. culminates disengagement from care, poor treatment adherence increase disease progression with more vulnerable groups such women young people being adversely impacted. Summary Most affected at risk reside resource-poor settings which are region least capacity adapt climate change. Few studies very limited geographical coverage show that affect delivery this setting. Climate adaptation mitigation policies required protect

Язык: Английский

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Climate change and extreme weather events and linkages with HIV outcomes: recent advances and ways forward

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

Purpose of review Discuss the recent evidence on climate change and related extreme weather events (EWE) linkages with HIV prevention care outcomes. Recent findings We identified 22 studies exploring in context EWE. examined sexual practices that increase exposure (e.g., condomless sex, transactional sex), testing, infections prevalence. care-related outcomes among people included clinical viral load), antiretroviral therapy adherence access, engagement retention, mental physical wellbeing. Pathways from EWE to included: structural impacts health infrastructure damage); resource insecurities food insecurity-related ART barriers); migration displacement reduced access services); intrapersonal interpersonal challenges, social support). Summary Studies recommended multilevel strategies for EWE, including at structural-level (e.g. security programs), institution-level long-lasting ART), community-level collective water management), individual-level coping skills). Climate-informed research is needed. Integration emergency disaster preparedness services offers new opportunities optimizing care.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of meteorological and socioeconomic drought conditions in the Tekeze watershed, northern Ethiopia

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024

In northern Ethiopia, meteorological droughts overwhelm crops and often lead people to food insecurity poverty traps. Socioeconomic similarly aggravate impact livelihoods; causing significant challenge on communities. Such issues in the area were not researched well addressed. Hence, objective of this study was evaluate temporal spatial trends drought implied socioeconomic impacts Tekeze Watershed. The main data sources for included survey questionnaires, field observations, CHIRPS data. Precipitation from various stations also employed validate using a random forest regression model. results revealed strong coefficient determination model, with values 0.88, 0.87, 0.84 Mekele Obseva, Sekota, Yichila, Ashere stations, respectively. This indicates that precipitation recorded at these can be well-explained by showed most years faced shortage rainfall, where year 2015 exceptionally severe drought. conditions exacerbating time reoccurrence period 2 years. found similar within agricultural 2000, 2002, 2004–5, 2009–11, 2013–15, 2017, 2021–23 affected different severity levels associated impacts. Accordingly, almost all (99.5%) respondents reported they personally experiencing droughts. major causes watershed climate variability, land use changes, degradation, water mismanagement, deforestation, war, desert locusts. consequences overlapping crises include pandemics, malnutrition, displacement, crop losses, desertification, conflicts over resource use. While proposed interventions like improved irrigation, infrastructure, drought-resistant crops, emergency relief intended address issues, ill-guided procedures inadequate execution have undermined their effectiveness. Thus, measures been successfully implemented fallen short addressing tangible To end, recommends effective implementation mitigation initially government nongovernmental organizations, emphasizing active involvement local community.

Язык: Английский

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