Enhancing soil health, microbial count, and hydrophilic methomyl and hydrophobic lambda-cyhalothrin remediation with biochar and nano-biochar
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
Abstract
Pesticide
contamination
and
soil
degradation
present
significant
challenges
in
agricultural
ecosystems,
driving
extensive
exploration
of
biochar
(BC)
nano-biochar
(NBC)
as
potential
solutions.
This
study
examines
their
effects
on
properties,
microbial
communities,
the
fate
two
key
pesticides:
hydrophilic
methomyl
(MET)
hydrophobic
lambda-cyhalothrin
(LCT),
at
different
concentrations
(1%,
3%,
5%
w
−1
)
soil.
Through
a
carefully
designed
seven-week
black
bean
pot
experiment,
results
indicated
that
addition
BC/NBC
significantly
influenced
dynamics.
Soil
pH
moisture
content
(MC)
notably
increased,
accompanied
by
general
rise
organic
carbon
(SOC)
content.
However,
BC5/NBC5
treatments,
SOC
declined
after
2nd
or
3rd
week.
Microbial
populations,
including
total
plate
count
(TPC),
phosphate-solubilizing
bacteria
(PSB),
nitrogen-fixing
(NFB),
showed
dynamic
responses
to
applications.
BC1/NBC1
BC3/NBC3
applications
led
increase
whereas
treatments
experienced
decline
initial
surge.
Furthermore,
removal
efficiency
both
MET
LCT
increased
with
higher
concentrations,
NBC
demonstrating
greater
efficacy
than
BC.
Degradation
kinetics,
modeled
first-order
equation,
revealed
degraded
faster
LCT.
These
findings
underscore
profound
impact
pesticide
dynamics
highlighting
transform
sustainable
practices.
Язык: Английский
Effects of Foliar Application of a Lambda-Cyhalothrin Insecticide on Photosynthetic Characteristics of a Fodder Plant Malva moschata
Agronomy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(12), С. 2818 - 2818
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
Recently,
a
large
number
of
pesticides
with
different
chemical
structures
and
modes
action
(MOAs)
have
become
regularly
used
in
agriculture.
They
are
to
control
the
insect
populations
various
crops.
Foliar
application
may
negatively
affect
crop
physiology,
especially
photosynthesis.
However,
sensitivity
particular
crops,
their
primary
secondary
photosynthetic
processes,
insecticide
is
generally
unknown.
Our
study
aimed
evaluate
negative
effects
lambda-cyhalothrin
(λ-CY)
on
photosystem
II
(PSII)
Malva
moschata
(Musk
mallow).
We
fast
chlorophyll
fluorescence
transients
(i.e.,
OJIPs)
OJIP-derived
parameters,
effective
quantum
yield
PSII
(ΦPSII),
induction
curves
non-photochemical
quenching
(NPQ)
spectral
reflectance
indices.
The
recommended
concentration
(0.05
μM)
10
times
higher
(0.5
λ-CY
did
not
cause
any
effect
parameters.
An
overdosed
foliar
(100
than
recommended,
i.e.,
50
led
changes
OJIP
shape;
decrease
performance
index
(PIABS),
maximum
(FV/FM)
electron
transport
(ET0/RC);
an
increase
protective
mechanisms
(unregulated
quenching,
DI0/RC).
These
lasted
only
tens
minutes
after
application,
which
parameters
returned
pre-application
values.
caused
more
rapid
activation
NPQ,
indicating
early
response
stress
PSII.
μM
above
720
nm
indices
that
indicated
λ-CY-induced
stress.
Язык: Английский