Generation and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Photocatalysis

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 117(17), С. 11302 - 11336

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2017

The detection methods and generation mechanisms of the intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., superoxide anion radical (•O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet (1O2), hydroxyl (•OH) in photocatalysis, were surveyed comprehensively. Consequently, major photocatalyst used heterogeneous photocatalytic systems was found to be TiO2. However, besides TiO2 some representative photocatalysts also involved discussion. Among various issues we focused on reactions ROS aqueous suspensions photocatalysts. On careful account experimental results presented so far, proposed following apprehension: adsorbed •OH could regarded as trapped holes, which are a rapid adsorption-desorption equilibrium at TiO2-solution interface. Because shifts adsorption side, holes must actually dominant oxidation whereas solution would exert reactivity mainly for nonadsorbed reactants. most probable routes generating surfaces two polymorphs TiO2, anatase rutile, discussed along with plausible rational reaction processes. In addition four ROS, three that is organic peroxides, ozone, nitric oxide, less common photocatalysis briefly reviewed.

Язык: Английский

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ROS Are Good

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 22(1), С. 11 - 19

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2016

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a dual role in plant biology. They required for many important signaling reactions, but also toxic byproducts of aerobic metabolism. Recent studies revealed that ROS necessary the progression several basic biological processes including cellular proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, cell death-that was previously be outcome directly killing cells by oxidation, other words via oxidative stress-is now considered result triggering physiological or programmed pathway death. This Opinion focuses on possibility beneficial plants, supporting proliferation, function, viability, maintaining basal level is essential life.

Язык: Английский

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The role of antioxidants in the chemistry of oxidative stress: A review

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 97, С. 55 - 74

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Reactive oxygen species, abiotic stress and stress combination

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 90(5), С. 856 - 867

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2016

Summary Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the acclimation process of plants to abiotic stress. They primarily function as signal transduction molecules that regulate different pathways during plant stress, but are also toxic byproducts stress metabolism. Because each subcellular compartment contains its own set ROS‐producing and ROS‐scavenging pathways, steady‐state level ROS, well redox state compartment, is at any given time giving rise distinct signature ROS levels compartments cell. Here we review recent studies on plants, propose stresses, such drought, heat, salinity high light, result signatures determine specificity response help tailor it exact encounters. We further address combination mediating rapid systemic signaling conclude long cells maintain enough energy reserves detoxify beneficial enabling them adjust their metabolism mount proper response.

Язык: Английский

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Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(17), С. 6275 - 6275

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2020

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused by a combination two primary factors: defective insulin secretion pancreatic β-cells and inability insulin-sensitive tissues to respond appropriately insulin. Because release activity are essential processes for glucose homeostasis, molecular mechanisms involved in synthesis insulin, as well its detection tightly regulated. Defects any these can lead imbalance responsible development disease. This review analyzes key aspects T2DM, pathways implicated metabolism leading T2DM resistance. For that purpose, we summarize data gathered up until now, focusing especially on synthesis, release, sensing downstream effects individual organs. The also covers pathological conditions perpetuating such nutritional factors, physical activity, gut dysbiosis memory. Additionally, because associated with accelerated atherosclerosis development, here some link resistance (IR) cardiovascular risk important complications T2DM.

Язык: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Abiotic Stress: Revisiting the Crucial Role of a Universal Defense Regulator

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(8), С. 681 - 681

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2020

Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, oxygen deprivation, etc., greatly influence plant growth development, ultimately affecting crop yield quality, well agricultural sustainability in general. Plant cells produce radicals their derivatives, so-called reactive species (ROS), during various processes with stress. Moreover, the generation of ROS is a fundamental process higher plants employs to transmit cellular signaling information response changing environmental conditions. One most crucial consequences disturbance equilibrium between antioxidant defense systems triggering excessive accumulation inducing oxidative plants. Notably, detoxification maintained by both enzymatic nonenzymatic under harsh stresses. Although this field research has attracted massive interest, it largely remains unexplored, our understanding poorly understood. In review, we have documented recent advancement illustrating harmful effects ROS, system involved different stresses, molecular cross-talk other important signal molecules nitrogen, sulfur, carbonyl species. addition, state-of-the-art approaches ROS-mediated improvement acclimation against stresses also been discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidants Maintain Cellular Redox Homeostasis by Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 44(2), С. 532 - 553

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2017

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by living cells as normal cellular metabolic byproduct. Under excessive stress conditions, will produce numerous ROS, and the organisms eventually evolve series of response mechanisms to adapt ROS exposure well utilize it signaling molecules. molecules would trigger oxidative in a feedback mechanism involving many biological processes, such apoptosis, necrosis autophagy. Growing evidences have suggested that play critical role throughout entire cell death pathway. Overwhelming production can destroy organelles structure bio-molecules, which lead inflammatory is known underpinning for development diabetes cancer. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) regarded markers stress, transform toxic metabolites into superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide hydroxyl radical might cause injury cells. Accordingly, evolved balanced system neutralize extra namely antioxidant systems consist enzymatic antioxidants dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin (Trx) non-enzymatic collectively reduce state. Herein, we review recent novel findings processes induced summarize roles endogenous natural anti-oxidative compounds several human diseases caused order illustrate vital prevention against stress.

Язык: Английский

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The PI3K–AKT network at the interface of oncogenic signalling and cancer metabolism

Nature reviews. Cancer, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 20(2), С. 74 - 88

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The multifaceted contributions of mitochondria to cellular metabolism

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 20(7), С. 745 - 754

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic pathways promoting cancer cell survival and growth

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 17(4), С. 351 - 359

Опубликована: Март 16, 2015

Язык: Английский

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