Dynamic symbioses reveal pathways to coral survival through prolonged heatwaves

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2020

Abstract Prospects for coral persistence through increasingly frequent and extended heatwaves seem bleak. Coral recovery from bleaching is only known to occur after temperatures return normal, mitigation of local stressors does not appear augment survival. Capitalizing on a natural experiment in the equatorial Pacific, we track individual colonies at sites spanning gradient anthropogenic disturbance tropical heatwave unprecedented duration. Unexpectedly, some corals survived event by recovering while still elevated temperatures. These initially had heat-sensitive algal symbiont communities, endured bleaching, then recovered proliferation heat-tolerant symbionts. This pathway survival occurred absence strong stressors. In contrast, highly disturbed areas were already dominated symbionts, despite resisting these no advantage one species 3.3 times lower other. unanticipated connections between disturbance, symbioses heat stress resilience reveal multiple pathways future prolonged heatwaves.

Язык: Английский

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Global patterns and impacts of El Niño events on coral reefs: A meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 13(2), С. e0190957 - e0190957

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2018

Impacts of global climate change on coral reefs are being amplified by pulse heat stress events, including El Niño, the warm phase Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Despite reports extensive bleaching and up to 97% mortality induced a quantitative synthesis nature, intensity, drivers La Niña impacts corals is lacking. Herein, we first present meta-analysis studies quantifying effects Niño/La Niña-warming corals, surveying from both primary literature International Coral Reef Symposium (ICRS) Proceedings. Overall, strongest signal for Niña-associated was long-term mean temperature; decreased with decreasing temperature (n = 20 studies). Additionally, cover losses during were shaped localized maximum 28 Second, method which, any reef location in world, allows extraction remotely-sensed degree heating weeks (DHW) date (since 1982), quantification DHW, time lag since DHW. Using this method, show that 2015/16 event instigated unprecedented across world's oceans. With events expected increase frequency severity century, it imperative gain clear understanding how these thermal anomalies impact different species regions. We therefore finish recommendations future will foster improved syntheses, as well predictive adaptive capacity extreme warming events.

Язык: Английский

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Coral environmental memory: causes, mechanisms, and consequences for future reefs

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 36(11), С. 1011 - 1023

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Acclimatization of massive reef-building corals to consecutive heatwaves

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 286(1898), С. 20190235 - 20190235

Опубликована: Март 6, 2019

Reef-building corals typically live close to the upper limits of their thermal tolerance and even small increases in summer water temperatures can lead bleaching mortality. Projections coral reef futures based on forecasts ocean indicate that by end this century, will experience current thresholds annually, which would widespread devastation ecosystems. Here, we use skeletal cores long-lived Porites collected from 14 reefs across northern Great Barrier Reef, Coral Sea, New Caledonia evaluate changes sensitivity heat stress since 1815. High-density ‘stress bands’—indicative past bleaching—first appear during a strong pre-industrial El Niño event 1877 but become significantly more frequent late twentieth early twenty-first centuries accordance with rising anthropogenic global warming. However, proportion bands declines following successive events century despite increasing exposure stress. Our findings demonstrate an increase reef-building offer glimmer hope at least some species acclimatize fast enough keep pace

Язык: Английский

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Immunity and the coral crisis

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2018

Climate change is killing coral at an unprecedented rate. As immune systems promote homeostasis and survival of adverse conditions I propose we explore health in the context holobiont immunity.

Язык: Английский

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Avenues of reef-building coral acclimatization in response to rapid environmental change

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 224(Suppl_1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021

ABSTRACT The swiftly changing climate presents a challenge to organismal fitness by creating mismatch between the current environment and phenotypes adapted historic conditions. Acclimatory mechanisms may be especially crucial for sessile benthic marine taxa, such as reef-building corals, where change factors including ocean acidification increasing temperature elicit strong negative physiological responses bleaching, disease mortality. Here, within context of multiple stressors threatening organisms, I describe wealth metaorganism response rapid ontogenetic shifts in organism interactions with that can generate plasticity. then highlight need consider evolutionary an adaptive (epi)genetic continuum. Building on definitions these continuum, also present how interplay microbiome, epigenetics parental effects creates additional avenues acclimatization. To under what conditions epigenetic inheritance has more substantial role, propose investigation into offset timing gametogenesis leading different environmental integration times eggs sperm consequences this gamete compatibility. Collectively, non-genetic, yet heritable phenotypic plasticity will have significant ecological implications persistence change. As such, corals ideal time-sensitive models further development our understanding feedback loops multi-player

Язык: Английский

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Corallivory in the Anthropocene: Interactive Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors and Corallivory on Coral Reefs

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 5

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2019

Corallivory is the predation of coral mucus, tissue, and skeleton by fishes invertebrates, a source chronic stress for many reef-building species. Corallivores often prey on corals repeatedly, this induces wounds that require extensive cellular resources to heal. The effects corallivory growth, reproduction, community dynamics are well-documented, result in reduced growth rates fitness. Given degree anthropogenic pressures threaten reefs, it now imperative focus understanding how interacts with forces alter health dynamics. For example, bleaching events stem from global climate change reduce preferred species corallivorous fishes. These reductions may declines populations more specialized corallivores while generalist increase. also make susceptible thermal exacerbate bleaching. At local scales, overfishing depletes fish stocks, reducing bioerosion, whilst removing invertivorous allowing population increases invertebrate (e.g., urchins, Drupella spp.). Interactive stressors, such as nutrient pollution, can effect increasing coral-algal competition destabilizing microbiome, subsequently leading disease mortality. Here, we synthesize recent literature stressors affect corallivore shape patterns corallivory. Our review indicates combined be underappreciated these interactions drive changes reefs scales ecosystems microbes. Understanding ecology Anthropocene will an increased forcing alters biotic interactions, corallivory, resulting cascading reef ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic benefits of conserving land-sea ecosystems

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 28, С. e01684 - e01684

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2021

Mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs interact in tropical regions throughout the world. These ecosystems exhibit strong synergies, as health of each ecosystem supports functioning adjacent habitats. We present a global spatial analysis mangrove, seagrass, reef communities, identifying where these habitats co-occur. While only an estimated 18% interaction zones are covered by protected areas, boundaries between mangroves, represent areas high conservation efficiency, benefits amplify synergistically land-sea jointly managed. discuss four types efficiencies coastal ecosystems: (1) increased resistance to disturbance through inter-ecosystem feedbacks, (2) biodiversity within small geographic (3) habitat portfolio effects giving rise climate refugia, (4) synergistic services, building one service inherently increases others. Given benefits, campaigns expand marine terrestrial protection should focus on tightly connective interface reefs, order more efficiently build resilience

Язык: Английский

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Bridging the gap between coastal engineering and nature conservation?

Journal of Coastal Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2022

Abstract Under the umbrella term of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) fall measures from a wide range disciplines. With regard to coastal protection, ecosystems represent possible and promising NbS threats such as storm surges or erosion. Around globe, looming climate change related developments in landscapes well paradigm shift societal views shifted focus decision-makers researchers onto for driving need comprehensive up-to-date review like salt marshes, mangroves, seagrass meadows, beaches, dunes, coral, shellfish/oyster reefs their benefits Water, Nature People alike. While existing reviews have mainly focused on idea softer protection general constraints regarding management regulations, this study not only characteristics, features needs under consideration but also examines ecosystems’ potential processes ecological benefits. This paper is based an extensive literature analysis scientific publications, books book sections, guidelines, reports, policy recommendations strategies. In order create basis selection site-suitable adaptation local challenges questions, compiles key elaborates provided ecosystem services protective, needs. The highlighted diversity within that directly cause support combination with multiple benefits, underlines great bridge gap between engineering nature conservation. can serve both disciplines equally provide integral, sustainable element change.

Язык: Английский

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Signatures of selection underpinning rapid coral adaptation to the world’s warmest reefs

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2022

Population genomics reveals loci associated with coral adaptation to thermally extreme reefs.

Язык: Английский

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