Brainstem fMRI signaling of surprise across different types of deviant stimuli

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(11), С. 113405 - 113405

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Detection of deviant stimuli is crucial to orient and adapt our behavior. Previous work shows that elicit phasic activation the locus coeruleus (LC), which releases noradrenaline controls central arousal. However, it unclear whether detection behaviorally relevant selectively triggers LC responses or other neuromodulatory systems (dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine). We combine human functional MRI (fMRI) recordings optimized for brainstem imaging with pupillometry perform a mapping deviant-related in subcortical structures. Participants have detect items "local-global" paradigm distinguishes between deviance based on stimulus probability sequence structure. fMRI are distributed many cortical areas. Both types pupil, LC, systems. Our results reveal task-relevant recruits same multiple across computationally different deviance.

Язык: Английский

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From pupil to the brain: New insights for studying cortical plasticity through pupillometry

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Pupil size variations have been associated with changes in brain activity patterns related specific cognitive factors, such as arousal, attention, and mental effort. The locus coeruleus (LC), a key hub the noradrenergic system of brain, is considered to be regulator control on pupil size, diameter corresponding release norepinephrine (NE). Advances eye-tracking technology open-source software facilitated accurate measurement various experimental settings, leading increased interest using pupillometry track nervous activation state potential biomarker for disorders. This review explores non-invasive fully translational tool studying cortical plasticity starting from recent literature suggesting that could promising technique estimating degree residual human subjects. Given NE known critical mediator includes data revealing importance LC-NE modulating size. Finally, we will provide quantitative complementary measure also pre-clinical studies.

Язык: Английский

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Gain neuromodulation mediates task-relevant perceptual switches: evidence from pupillometry, fMRI, and RNN Modelling

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Abstract Perceptual updating has been hypothesized to rely on a network reset modulated by bursts of ascending neuromodulatory neurotransmitters, such as noradrenaline, abruptly altering the brain’s susceptibility changing sensory activity. To test this hypothesis at large-scale, we analysed an ambiguous figures task using pupillometry and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Behaviourally, qualitative shifts in perceptual interpretation image were associated with peaks pupil diameter, indirect readout phasic tone. We further that stimulus ambiguity drives tone leading heightened neural gain, hastening switches. explore computationally, trained recurrent (RNN) analogous categorisation task, allowing gain change dynamically classification uncertainty. As predicted, higher accelerated switching transiently destabilizing network’s dynamical regime periods maximal leveraged low-dimensional RNN dynamics, develop two novel macroscale predictions: switches should occur brain state velocity flattened egocentric energy landscape. Using fMRI confirmed these predictions, highlighting role system large-scale reconfigurations mediating adaptive updates.

Язык: Английский

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The Neuroscience of the Flow State: Involvement of the Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine System

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2021

Flow is a state of full task engagement that accompanied with low-levels self-referential thinking. considered highly relevant for human performance and well-being has, therefore, been studied extensively. Yet, the neurocognitive processes flow remain largely unclear. In present mini-review we focus on how brain's locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system may be involved in range behavioral subjective manifestations flow. The LC-NE regulates decisions regarding vs. disengagement. This done via different modes baseline stimulus-evoked norepinephrine release. We emphasize theoretical empirical overlap between For both, match person's skill challenge important order to induce high levels task-related attention. Moreover, psychophysiological indicators activity, such as eye pupil diameter arousal are also sensitive states. related an inverted U-shape. Similarly, theories system, highest intermediate arousal. argue knowledge about role establishing experience help gain fundamental can contribute unifying various findings this topic.

Язык: Английский

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Self-regulating arousal via pupil-based biofeedback

Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1), С. 43 - 62

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023

The brain's arousal state is controlled by several neuromodulatory nuclei known to substantially influence cognition and mental well-being. Here we investigate whether human participants can gain volitional control of their using a pupil-based biofeedback approach. Our approach inverts mechanism suggested previous literature that links activity the locus coeruleus, one key regulators central pupil dynamics. We show enables acquire size. Applying self-regulation systematically modulates coeruleus other brainstem structures involved in control. Furthermore, it cardiovascular measures such as heart rate, behavioural psychophysiological responses during an oddball task. provide evidence makes system accessible control, finding has tremendous potential for translation clinical applications across various domains, including stress-related anxiety disorders.

Язык: Английский

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