Active vision in freely moving marmosets using head-mounted eye tracking

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 12, 2024

Abstract Our understanding of how vision functions as primates actively navigate the real-world is remarkably sparse. As most data have been limited to chaired and typically head-restrained animals, synergistic interactions different motor actions/plans inherent active sensing – e.g. eyes, head, posture, movement, etc. - on visual perception are largely unknown. To address this considerable gap in knowledge, we developed an innovative wireless head-mounted eye tracking system called CEREBRO for small mammals, such marmoset monkeys. performs C hair-free E ye- Re cording using B ackpack mounted mic RO controllers. Because illumination environment lighting change continuously natural contexts, a segmentation artificial neural network perform robust pupil these conditions. Leveraging investigate vision, demonstrate that although freely-moving marmosets exhibit frequent compensatory movements equivalent other primates, including humans, predictability enhanced when animals relative they head-fixed. Moreover, despite increases eye/head-motion during locomotion, gaze stabilization actually improved over periods monkeys were stationary. Rather than impair dynamics has optimized evolution enable exploration.

Язык: Английский

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A binocular perception deficit characterizes prey pursuit in developing mice

iScience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(11), С. 105368 - 105368

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2022

Integration of binocular information at the cellular level has long been studied in mouse model to uncover fundamental developmental mechanisms underlying mammalian vision. However, we lack an understanding corresponding ontogeny visual behavior mice that relies on integration. To address this major outstanding question, quantified natural visually guided postnatal day 21 (P21) and adult using a live prey capture assay computerized-spontaneous perception objects task (C-SPOT). We found robust specific field processing deficit P21 as compared adults corresponded selective increase c-Fos expression anterior superior colliculus (SC) juveniles after C-SPOT. These data link developing activity changes SC.

Язык: Английский

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Motor System-Dependent Effects of Amygdala and Ventral Striatum Lesions on Explore–Exploit Behaviors

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 44(5), С. e1206232023 - e1206232023

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

Deciding whether to forego immediate rewards or explore new opportunities is a key component of flexible behavior and critical for the survival species. Although previous studies have shown that different cortical subcortical areas, including amygdala ventral striatum (VS), are implicated in representing (exploitative) future (explorative) value choices, effect motor system used make choices has not been examined. Here, we tested male rhesus macaques with VS lesions on two versions three-arm bandit task where were registered either saccade an arm movement. In both tasks presented monkeys explore–exploit tradeoffs by periodically replacing familiar options novel had unknown reward probabilities. We found explored more saccades but showed better learning movements. caused be explorative movements less saccades, although this may due overall decrease performance. affected monkeys’ ability learn stimulus-reward associations tasks, while after was stronger when made saccades. Further, average, reduced choose only saccade. These results show manage behaviors dependent they further define contributions reinforcement learning.

Язык: Английский

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Unsupervised decomposition of natural monkey behavior into a sequence of motion motifs

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024

Nonhuman primates (NHPs) exhibit complex and diverse behavior that typifies advanced cognitive function social communication, but quantitative systematical measure of this natural nonverbal processing has been a technical challenge. Specifically, method is required to automatically segment time series into elemental motion motifs, much like finding meaningful words in character strings. Here, we propose solution called SyntacticMotionParser (SMP), general-purpose unsupervised parsing algorithm using nonparametric Bayesian model. Using three-dimensional posture-tracking data from NHPs, SMP outputs an optimized sequence latent motifs classified the most likely number states. When applied behavioral datasets common marmosets rhesus monkeys, outperformed conventional posture-clustering models detected set ethograms publicly available data. also quantified visualized effects chemogenetic neural manipulations. thus potential dramatically improve our understanding NHP variety contexts. Data-driven machine learning algorithm, Syntactic Motion Parser, decomposes primate's dynamics its inherent component.

Язык: Английский

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Posture-dependent modulation of marmoset cortical motor maps detected via rapid multichannel epidural stimulation

Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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PreyTouch: An Automated System for Prey Capture Experiments Using a Touch Screen

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Abstract The ability to catch prey is crucial for survival and reproduction subject strong natural selection across predators. In many animals, capture demands the orchestrated activation of multiple brain regions, demonstrating intricate interplay between sensory processing, decision-making, motor execution. This makes a prime paradigm in neuroscience. Further, its ubiquity species it ideal comparative research studying evolution cognition. However, despite recent technological advances collection analysis behavioral data, experimental approaches are lagging behind. To bridge this gap, we created PreyTouch - novel system performing experiments on touch screen. incorporates flexible presentation stimulus, accurate monitoring predator strikes automated rewarding. system’s real time processing enables closing loop movement dynamics predator-prey interactions. optimized long-term features web-ui remote control monitoring. We successfully validated by conducting lizard Pogona Vitticeps . acquired data revealed existence preferences, complex attack patterns, fast learning dynamics. unique properties offered combined with behaviors animals establish as valuable platform comparatively animal

Язык: Английский

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Ocular following responses of the marmoset monkey are dependent on postsaccadic delay, spatiotemporal frequency, and saccade direction

Journal of Neurophysiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 130(1), С. 189 - 198

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Ocular following is a short-latency, reflexive eye movement that tracks wide-field visual motion. It has been studied extensively in humans and macaques an appealing behavior for studying sensory-motor transformations the brain because of its rapidity rigidity. We explored ocular marmoset, emerging model neuroscience their lissencephalic allows direct access to most cortical areas imaging electrophysiological recordings. In three experiments, we tested responses adult marmosets. First, varied delay between saccade end stimulus motion onset, from 10 300 ms. As other species, tracking had shorter onset latencies higher speeds with postsaccadic delays. Second, using sine-wave grating stimuli, dependence speed on spatiotemporal frequency. The highest was evoked at ∼16 Hz ∼0.16 cycles per degree (cpd); however, gain elicited ∼1.6 ∼1.2 cpd. each spatial frequency observed different temporal frequency, but this interdependence not consistent complete tuning response. Finally, found when directions were identical, although unaffected by direction difference. Our results showed qualitatively similar marmosets, humans, macaques, despite over order magnitude variation body size across species. This characterization will help future studies examining neural basis transformations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previous focused macaques. examined properties marmosets which delay, spatial-temporal congruence manipulated. have demonstrated short-latency discuss similarities species vary markedly head size. findings mechanism transformations.

Язык: Английский

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Posture-dependent modulation of marmoset cortical motor maps detected via rapid multichannel epidural stimulation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024

Abstract In this study, rapid topographical changes were detected in the forelimb motor maps primary cortex (M1) of awake marmoset monkeys using our previously developed accurate short-time stimulation mapping procedure (Takemi et al. 2017; Kosugi 2018). The results revealed that although hotspot (the location M1 elicited a muscle twitch with lowest stimulus intensity) remained constant across postures, intensity required to elicit perihotspot region and size representations posture-dependent. Hindlimb posture was particularly effective inducing these modulations. angle body axis relative gravitational vertical line did not alter maps. These provide proof concept system chronically implanted cortical electrodes can capture dynamic regulation natural conditions. flexible nature necessitates reconsideration control neuroplasticity studies. Neural mechanisms regulating by hindlimb sensorimotor state warrant further exploration.

Язык: Английский

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Automated 3D analysis of social head-gaze behaviors in freely moving marmosets

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2024

Social communication relies on the ability to perceive and interpret direction of others' attention, is commonly conveyed through head orientation gaze in humans nonhuman primates. However, traditional social experiments primates require restraining movements, significantly limiting their natural behavioral repertoire. Here, we developed a novel framework for accurately tracking facial features three-dimensional orientations multiple freely moving common marmosets (

Язык: Английский

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SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM IN VISUALLY GUIDED APPROACH BEHAVIOR EMERGES UNIQUELY DURING ADOLESCENCE

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2024

Abstract Studying prey capture behavior in mice offers a fruitful platform for understanding how ecologically relevant visual stimuli are differentially processed by the brain throughout life. For example, specific that indicate and naturally draw appetitive orienting adult may be interpreted differently or evoke distinct behaviors during development. What neural mechanisms might allow an animal to flexibly couple same stimulus information behavioral outcomes as function of developmental needs? To begin address this important question, we quantified visually evoked between adolescent C57BL6/J both sexes under natural context compared responses our established virtual motion paradigm, C-SPOT. Most surprisingly, discovered female versus male have opposing innate biases sweeping which is not present adulthood. Further, display robust enhancement approach towards over all other groups tested, yet they least aggressive response live prey. Thus, work overall revealed robustly dissociated from predatory aggression specifically adolescence. This underscores different goals physiological states uniquely apply animals, reveals key sensory-motor process selectively augmented Highlights Adolescent innately insects more than adults males females strongest hunger-related

Язык: Английский

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