Feather Carotenoids of the American Redstart (Setophaga Ruticilla) Across Age and Sex Classes and the Reliability of Standard Color Metrics to Capture Pigment Variation DOI
Jocelyn Hudon,

Kile McKenna,

Kingsley K. Donkor

и другие.

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Plumage ornaments act as important sexual signals, though the extent to which these honest signals—and physiological mechanisms that maintain honesty—remain poorly understood. We studied pigmentary basis of tail color in American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), a species songbird with dichromatism and delayed plumage maturation; younger males resemble females, only replacing their yellow feathers for bright orange ones after first breeding season. The rectrices females young older largely contain same pigments, but vastly different proportions. Whereas primarily lutein, 3'-dehydro-lutein canary-xanthophylls, those red 4-keto-carotenoids. relatively uncommon hue results from presence lutein predominance α-doradexanthin 4-keto-carotenoid, pigment shortened chain conjugated double bonds compared keto-carotenoids commonly found feathers. Since coloration redstart combination yellow, orange, this is system where slight adjustments types carotenoids deposited could drastically alter hue. Factors either work against achieving most oxidized state or maintained through stabilizing selection favored color. metrics Carotenoid Chroma, Visible Hue, λR50 tetrahedral θ best captured differences concentration make-up, are recommended future spectrophotometric studies carotenoid-based traits.

Язык: Английский

Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future DOI Creative Commons
Yasuhiro Nishida,

Pernilla Berg,

Behnaz Shakersain

и другие.

Marine Drugs, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(10), С. 514 - 514

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

Astaxanthin (AX), a lipid-soluble pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoids family, has recently garnered significant attention due its unique physical properties, biochemical attributes, and physiological effects. Originally recognized primarily for role in imparting characteristic red-pink color various organisms, AX is currently experiencing surge interest research. The growing body of literature this field predominantly focuses on AXs distinctive bioactivities properties. However, potential algae-derived as solution global environmental societal challenges that threaten life our planet not received extensive attention. Furthermore, historical context nature, well significance diverse cultures traditional health practices, have been comprehensively explored previous works. This review article embarks comprehensive journey through history leading up present, offering insights into discovery AX, chemical distribution biosynthesis. Additionally, it delves intricate realm benefits, biofunctional characteristics, current market status AX. By encompassing these multifaceted aspects, aims provide readers with more profound understanding robust foundation future scientific endeavors directed at addressing needs sustainable nutritional medicinal solutions. An updated summary present status, applications are also included well-rounded perspective.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

49
Avian photoreceptor homologies and the origin of double cones DOI Creative Commons
Yu Liu, Emily G. Hurley,

Yohey Ogawa

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Birds possess the most complex photoreceptor system among vertebrates, with one rod and six cone types, including four single cones (violet, blue, green, red) two constituent cells of double (DC-P DC-A). The evolutionary relationships avian photoreceptors to those other vertebrate taxa have not been systematically explored. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on retinas newly hatched chickens trace cell-type homologies across species. Analysis differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) suggests that rods types correspond cognate cell in fish placental mammals, whereas a distinct origin. We propose DC-P arose from an ancestral red cone, as revealed by expression fate determinants thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB) SAMD7, DC-A may arisen blue suggested TFs FOXQ2 SKOR1. These signatures are shared green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis), suggesting conservation throughout Sauropsida. Consistent our hypothesis, CRISPR-mediated knockout THRB causes loss DC-P, but DC-A, appearance supernumerary cones, suggestive direct transfating. Furthermore, cis-regulatory analysis separate enhancers control opsin consistent origins. Taken together, studies suggest origins respectively.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Grazing lowers soil multifunctionality but boosts soil microbial network complexity and stability in a subtropical grassland of China DOI Creative Commons
Leilei Ding, Lili Tian, Jingyi Li

и другие.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Long-term grazing profoundly affects grassland ecosystems, whereas how the soil microbiome and multiple ecosystem functions alter in response to two-decades of grazing, especially (diversity, composition, network complexity, stability) forms multifunctionality is rarely addressed.We used a long-term buffalo measure responses physicochemical attributes, stoichiometry, enzyme activities, microbial niche width, structure, functions, networks subtropical Guizhou Plateau, China.The evidence from this work suggested that elevated hardness, available calcium content, magnesium content by 6.5, 1.9, 1.9 times (p = 0.00015-0.0160) acid phosphatase activity, bulk density, pH 59, 8, 0.5 unit 0.0014-0.0370), but decreased water phosphorus 47, 73, 9-21% 0.0250-0.0460), respectively. Grazing intensified carbon limitation (+78%, p 0.0260) as indicated increased investment β-glucosidase activity (+90%, 0.0120). enhanced complexity stability bacterial fungal reduced Simpson diversity < 0.05). The diversity, had positive effects, while compositions negative effects on multifunctionality.This an original attempt show lowered via shifted rather than complexities grazing. Protecting decreasing, optimizing composition bacteria fungi, enhancing may be conducive improving multifunction grassland, grassland.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

33
Metabolism, Function, Molecular Mechanism, and Application of Carotenoids in Coloration of Aquatic Animals DOI

Yongguan Liao,

Bo Zhang, Deshou Wang

и другие.

Reviews in Aquaculture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Among vertebrates, aquatic animals have a wide variety of body color. Yellow and red coloration, an important economic trait animals, plays pivotal roles in ornamental value consumption. Fish possess the most chromatophore types carotenoids primarily contribute to erythrophore xanthophore pigmentation. Carotenoid metabolism regulation development long been focus selective breeding programs fish. In crustaceans, proven be involved enhancing coloration. However, carotenoid requirements vary among different animals. The metabolic pathways vivo biochemical processes not well summarized. Thus, this review, we introduced various their species described similar mechanism ketocarotenoid biosynthesis fish birds. We focused on several significant genes coloration such as scavenger receptors, apolipoproteins, ketolases, β‐carotene oxygenase, applications aquaculture. addition, also summarized current problems addition diets emphasized importance molecular biotechnology breeding. Finally, provided our perspectives pigmentation research industry. This review will enhance understanding provide deeper insights into muscle skin It benefit production feed additives for

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Potential of Garra rufa as a novel high-temperature resistant model fish: a review on current and future approaches DOI Creative Commons
Yasuhito Shimada, Baki Aydın, Koto Kon‐Nanjo

и другие.

Zoological Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Abstract Garra rufa , commonly known as the “doctor fish”, is a freshwater cyprinid native to warm regions of Middle East. Since late twentieth century, it has been widely utilized in spas for alternative therapeutics and fish pedicures (or manicures) dermatological diseases such psoriasis eczema. Owing its unique characteristics, there growing interest exploring various applications G. . This review provides comprehensive summary phylogenetic position, ecology, biological breeding methods insights into use therapeutic fish. Notably, ability thrive high-temperature environments exceeding 37 °C distinguishes from other cyprinids suggests potential model human diseases, infectious cancer xenograft models high-throughput drug screening. The ongoing genome sequencing project aims elucidate mechanisms underlying tolerance offers valuable genomic resources. These efforts have resulted significant advances aquaculture, species conservation, biomedical research.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Carotenoid ornaments and the spandrels of physiology: a critique of theory to explain condition dependency DOI Creative Commons
Geoffrey E. Hill, Ryan J. Weaver, Matthew J. Powers

и другие.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 98(6), С. 2320 - 2332

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2023

ABSTRACT Even as numerous studies have documented that the red and yellow coloration resulting from deposition of carotenoids serves an honest signal condition, evolution condition dependency is contentious. The resource trade‐off hypothesis proposes condition‐dependent signalling relies on a resources between ornamental display body maintenance. By this model, can evolve through selection for re‐allocation to promote ornament expression. contrast, index focuses mate choice carotenoid inherently dependent because production such inexorably tied vital cellular processes. These hypotheses origins make strongly contrasting testable predictions about traits. To assess these two models, we review mechanisms carotenoids, patterns involving different classes behavioural responses coloration. We evidence traits be without influence sexual novel show expression soon they appear in population, possibility selection. conclude by highlighting new opportunities studying made possible genetic manipulation synthetic biological systems.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

14
Convergent evolution of parrot plumage coloration DOI Creative Commons
Fushi Ke, Henriëtte van der Zwan, Emily Shui Kei Poon

и другие.

PNAS Nexus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Abstract Parrots have remarkable plumage coloration that result in part from a unique ability to produce pigments called psittacofulvins yield yellow red feather colors. Little is known about the evolution of psittacofulvin-based pigmentation. Widespread color mutations captive-bred parrots provide perfect opportunities study genetic basis this trait. An earlier on blue budgerigars, which do not possess psittacofulvins, reveals involvement an uncharacterized polyketide synthase (MuPKS) psittacofulvin synthesis. The phenotype had repeatedly appeared different parrot species, similar independent experimental replications allowing convergent and molecular mechanism Here, we investigated phenotypes two species Agapornis parrots, Fischer's lovebird (A. fischeri) Yellow-collared personatus). Using whole-genome data, identified single genomic region with size &lt;2 Mb be strongly associated difference between wild-type (WT) birds both species. Surprisingly, discovered mutation was identical previously described substitution causing functional change MuPKS budgerigars. Together evidence shared blue-associated haplotypes signatures selective sweep demonstrated de novo interspecific introgression play role trait same gene lovebirds budgerigars also indicates strong evolutionary constraint coloration.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Testosterone Coordinates Gene Expression Across Different Tissues to Produce Carotenoid-Based Red Ornamentation DOI Creative Commons
Sarah Khalil, Erik D. Enbody,

Carolina Frankl‐Vilches

и другие.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40(4)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Abstract Carotenoid pigments underlie most of the red, orange, and yellow visual signals used in mate choice vertebrates. However, many underlying processes surrounding production carotenoid-based traits remain unclear due to complex nature carotenoid uptake, metabolism, deposition across tissues. Here, we leverage ability experimentally induce a red plumage patch red-backed fairywren (Malurus melanocephalus), songbird which is an important male sexual signal. We elevated testosterone unornamented males lacking ornamentation compared gene expression both liver feather follicles between control males, testosterone-implanted naturally ornamented males. show that upregulates CYP2J19, known be involved ketocarotenoid putative processing (ELOVL6) liver, also regulates transporter genes on back, including ABCG1. In black feathers, carotenoid-related are downregulated melanin upregulated, but find carotenoids still present feathers. This may activity carotenoid-cleaving enzyme BCO2 Our study provides first working model pathway for trait free-living birds, implicates as key regulator carotenoid-associated expression, suggests hormones coordinate these multiple

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

12
Genetic deletion of Bco2 and Isx establishes a golden mouse model for carotenoid research DOI Creative Commons
Linda D. Thomas, Srinivasagan Ramkumar, Marcin Golczak

и другие.

Molecular Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73, С. 101742 - 101742

Опубликована: Май 22, 2023

Low plasma levels of carotenoids are associated with mortality and chronic disease states. Genetic studies in animals revealed that the tissue accumulation these dietary pigments is genes encoding β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1). Here we examined mice how BCO2 SR-B1 affect metabolism model carotenoid zeaxanthin serves as a macular pigment human retina. We used lacZ reporter gene knock-in to determine Bco2 expression patterns small intestine. By genetic dissection, studied contribution uptake homeostasis under different supply conditions (50 mg/kg 250 mg/kg). determined metabolic profiles its metabolites tissues by LC-MS using standard chiral columns. An albino Isx−/−/Bco2−/− mouse homozygous for Tyrc−2J was generated study effect light on ocular metabolites. demonstrate highly expressed enterocytes deletion led enhanced zeaxanthin, indicating enzyme gatekeeper bioavailability. Relaxing regulation transcription factor ISX further tissues. observed absorption dose-dependent identified jejunum major zeaxanthin-absorbing intestinal region. showed underwent oxidation ε,ε-3,3′-carotene-dione detected all three enantiomers product whereas parent only existed (3R, 3′R)-enantiomer diet. The ratio oxidized varied between dependent supplementation dose. an supra-physiological doses (250 mg/kg) rapidly induced hypercarotenemia golden skin phenotype stress increased concentration eyes. established biochemical basis factors abiotic this lipid.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Imaging Macular Carotenoids and Their Related Proteins in the Human Retina with Confocal Resonance Raman and Fluorescence Microscopy DOI
Binxing Li, Fu‐Yen Chang,

Zihe Wan

и другие.

Experimental Eye Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 247, С. 110043 - 110043

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4