Gut microbiota-related neuroinflammation at the crossroad of food reward alterations: implications for eating disorders

Gut, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. gutjnl - 333397

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

The link between gut microbiome and eating behaviours, especially palatable food intake, is a growing focus of scientific investigation. complex ecosystem microorganisms in the influences host metabolism, immune function neurobehavioural signalling. This review explores role neuroinflammation dysregulations food-induced reward signalling potential causal microbiota on these proinflammatory processes. Particular attention given to disorders (ED, specifically anorexia nervosa, binge disorder bulimia nervosa) links with microbiota, alterations neuroinflammation. Finally, we propose modulation as promising therapeutic strategy ED.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiota-gut-brain axis drives overeating disorders

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(11), С. 2011 - 2027.e7

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Role of the intestinal microbiota in contributing to weight disorders and associated comorbidities

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(3)

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

SUMMARY The gut microbiota is a major factor contributing to the regulation of energy homeostasis and has been linked both excessive body weight accumulation fat mass (i.e., overweight, obesity) or loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, depletion cachexia). These syndromes are characterized by multiple metabolic dysfunctions including abnormal food reward intake, storage, low-grade inflammation. Given increasing worldwide prevalence obesity, cachexia, associated disorders, novel therapeutic strategies needed. Among different mechanisms explaining how capable influencing host metabolism balance, numerous studies have investigated complex interactions existing between nutrition, microbes, their metabolites. In this review, we discuss microbes microbiota-derived metabolites regulate metabolism. We describe role barrier function in onset inflammation context. explore importance gut-to-brain axis glucose but also key played liver. Finally, present specific examples using targeted approaches such as prebiotics probiotics might affect metabolites, signaling pathways, with reflect on challenges move from bench bedside.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans

Gut, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 73(11), С. 1799 - 1815

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Food addiction is a multifactorial disorder characterised by loss of control over food intake that may promote obesity and alter gut microbiota composition. We have investigated the potential involvement in mechanisms underlying addiction.

Язык: Английский

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Neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine's effects on feeding and body weight

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 169, С. 106021 - 106021

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The microbiota-gut-brain axis in stress and depression

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023

Humans and animals are evolved to have instinctive physiological responses threats. The perception of threat by the brain triggers a multitude changes across body. A large body research demonstrated that our hardwired survival instinct, stress response, can become maladaptive promote major depressive disorders other neuropsychiatric impairments. However, gaps in understanding how chronic contributes depression mental suggest we also need consider factors beyond biology host. unravelling structure function microorganisms humans host driven paradigm shift individual as collective network composed plus microbes. Well over 90% bacteria reside intestines, these microbes lower gut almost like an organ way it interacts with Importantly, bidirectional interactions between microbiota (i.e., two-way microbiota-gut-brain axis) been implicated pathophysiology including depression. Here, summarizing emerging literature, envisage further particularly on efferent brain-gut-microbiota axis will uncover transformative links

Язык: Английский

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Neurolaw: Revisiting Huberty v. McDonald’s through the Lens of Nutritional Criminology and Food Crime

Laws, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 17 - 17

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

Recent studies have illuminated the potential harms associated with ultra-processed foods, including poor mental health, aggression, and antisocial behavior. At same time, human gut microbiome has emerged as an important contributor to cognition behavior, disrupting concepts of biopsychosocial ‘self’ raising questions related free will. Since is undeniably connected dietary patterns components, topics nutrition microbes are heightened interest neuroscience psychiatry. Research spanning epidemiology, mechanistic bench science, intervention trials brought legitimacy nutritional criminology idea that relevance criminal justice system. The individual community-level relationships between behavior also salient torts relatively new field food crime—that which examines vast harms, grand-scale non-communicable diseases behavioral outcomes, caused by manufacturers, distributors, marketers products. Here in this essay, we will synthesize various strands research, reflecting emergent using a notable case straddled both neurolaw crime, Huberty v. McDonald’s (1987). It our contention legalome—microbiome omics science applied forensics—will play increasing role 21st-century courtroom discourse, policy, decision-making.

Язык: Английский

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From gut microbiota to brain: implications on binge eating disorders

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

The prevalence of eating disorders has been increasing over the last 50 years. Binge disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are two typical disabling, costly life-threatening that substantially compromise physical well-being individuals while undermining their psychological functioning. distressing recurrent episodes binge commonly observed in both BED BN; however, they diverge as BN often involves adoption inappropriate compensatory behaviors aimed at averting weight gain. Normal behavior is coordinated by a well-regulated trade-off between intestinal central ingestive mechanism. Conversely, despite fact etiology remains incompletely resolved, emerging evidence corroborates notion dysbiosis gastrointestinal microbiome its metabolites, alteration gut-brain axis, well malfunctioning circuitry regulating motivation, execution reward all contribute to pathology eating. In this review, we aim outline current state knowledge pertaining potential mechanisms through which each component axis participates behaviors, provide insight for development microbiome-based therapeutic interventions hold promise ameliorating patients afflicted with disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Journey of dietary fiber along the gastrointestinal tract: role of physical interactions, mucus, and biochemical transformations

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 29

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Dietary fiber-rich foods have been associated with numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Harnessing the potential to deliver positive outcomes rests on our understanding underlying mechanisms that drive these associations. This review addresses data concepts concerning plant-based food functionality by dissecting cascade physical chemical digestive processes interactions underpin physiological benefits. Functional transformations dietary fiber along gastrointestinal tract from stages oral processing gastric emptying intestinal digestion colonic fermentation influence its capacity modulate digestion, transit, commensal microbiome. analysis highlights significance, limitations, challenges in decoding complex web establish coherent framework connecting specific components' molecular macroscale across multiple length scales within tract. One critical area requires closer examination is interaction between fiber, mucus barrier, microbiome when considering structure design personalized nutritional strategies for beneficial physiologic effects. Understanding response fibers, particularly an individual's physiology, will offer opportunity exploit functional characteristics elicit specific, symptom-targeting effects or use types as adjunctive therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Fantastic beasts and how to study them: rethinking experimental animal behavior

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227(4)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

ABSTRACT Humans have been trying to understand animal behavior at least since recorded history. Recent rapid development of new technologies has allowed us make significant progress in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying behavior, a key goal neuroethology. However, there is tradeoff when studying its biological mechanisms: common protocols laboratory are designed be replicable controlled, but they often fail encompass variability breadth natural behavior. This Commentary proposes framework 10 questions that aim guide researchers incorporating rich context into their experimental design or choosing study system. The cover overarching considerations can provide template for interspecies comparisons, enable develop studies model organisms unlock experiments our quest

Язык: Английский

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