Forest bees need compositionally diverse canopies

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Forests provide critical habitats for pollinating insects, including forest-dependent and habitat generalist species, yet it is unknown how these assemblages are shaped by overstory tree composition. We sampled bees in closed canopy plots the southeastern United States representing a continuum of forest age composition, from younger conifer-dominated forests to older dominated deciduous broadleaf trees. Species-specific responses influence their traits on responses, were estimated using joint species distribution model. Additionally, we investigated richness trends nesting, sociality, phenological trait groups. Forest composition greatly influenced bee occurrence: 48% had positive relationships with diversity insect-pollinated trees 46% negative proportion conifer basal area. Bee early activity drove patterns supported trends. Our results indicate that phenology an important factor determining species’ dependency sensitivity this region. conclude diverse crucial maintaining providing floral resources support even conditions. Conifer can also valuable pollinators when restored open However, because no indicative respond understory flora rather than attributes, may more strongly favor generalists specialists.

Язык: Английский

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Forecasting insect dynamics in a changing world

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60, С. 101133 - 101133

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Predicting how insects will respond to stressors through time is difficult because of the diversity insects, environments, and approaches used monitor model. Forecasting models take correlative/statistical, mechanistic models, integrated forms; in some cases, temporal processes can be inferred from spatial models. Because heterogeneity associated with broad community measurements, are often unable identify explanations. Many present efforts forecast insect dynamics restricted single-species which offer precise predictions but limited generalizability. Trait-based may a good compromise that limits masking ranges responses while still offering insight. Regardless modeling approach, data parameterize forecasting model should carefully evaluated for autocorrelation, minimum needs, sampling biases data. tested using near-term revised improve future forecasts.

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal patterns of forest pollinator diversity across the southeastern United States

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(8)

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

Abstract Aim Efforts to understand how pollinating insect diversity is distributed across large geographic areas are rare despite the importance of such work for conserving regional diversity. We sought relate bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae), and butterflies (Lepidoptera) ecoregion, landscape context, canopy openness, forest composition southeastern U.S. forests. Location Nineteen experimental forests nine states in Methods established 5–7 plots on each forest. In each, we sampled pollinators monthly (March–September) using coloured pan traps, collected data local characteristics. used National Land Cover Database (NLCD) quantify surrounding landcover at different spatial scales. Results Bee richness was negatively correlated with both amount conifer (pine) extent wetlands but positively openness. Hover were less sensitive context stand conditions. Pollinator communities differed considerably among ecoregions, those Central Appalachian Coastal Plain ecoregions being particularly distinct. abundance peaked 2 months earlier Appalachia than Southeastern Mixed Forest ecoregions. Main Conclusions Our findings reveal ecoregional differences pollinator highlight conditions this diverse fauna. The closed broadleaf open conifer‐dominated support distinct contrasting seasonality. results suggest pine may reduce regions historically dominated by However, efforts create more canopies can help improve planted Research exploring associations between tree taxa needed better anticipate impacts various management activities.

Язык: Английский

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A century of wild bee sampling: historical data and neural network analysis reveal ecological traits associated with species loss

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2028)

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

We analysed the wild bee community sampled from 1921 to 2018 at a nature preserve in southern Michigan, USA, study long-term shifts protected area. During an intensive survey 1972 and 1973, Francis C. Evans detected 135 species. In most recent surveys conducted 2017 2018, we recorded 90 Only 58 species were both sampling periods, indicating significant shift community. found that diversity, richness evenness all lower samples. Additionally, 64% of more common exhibited than 30% decline relative abundance. Neural network analysis traits revealed extirpation reserve was likely for oligolectic ground-nesting bees kleptoparasitic bees, whereas polylectic cavity-nesting persist. Having longer phenological ranges also increased chance persistence Further suggests climate response as contemporary period had southerly overall distribution compared historic Results exhibit utility data machine learning disentangling complex indicators population trajectories.

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal patterns of forest pollinator diversity across the southeastern United States

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Efforts to understand how pollinating insect diversity is distributed across large geographic areas are rare despite the importance of such work for conserving regional diversity. We sampled bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae), and butterflies (Lepidoptera) on nineteen National Forests southeastern U.S. related their ecoregion, landscape context, canopy openness, forest composition. Bee richness was negatively correlated with both amount conifer extent wetlands in surrounding but positively openness. Hover were less sensitive context stand conditions. Pollinator communities differed considerably among ecoregions, those Central Appalachian Coastal Plain ecoregions being particularly distinct. abundance peaked two months earlier Appalachia than Southeastern Mixed Forest ecoregions. Our findings suggest that hardwood forests may play a important role supporting forest-associated efforts create more open conditions benefit this fauna.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the attractiveness of native wildflower species to bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in the southeastern United States

Ecological Solutions and Evidence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(3)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Habitat loss, agricultural intensification, pesticide use, disease and climate change have contributed to the decline of numerous insect groups. Recent government initiatives recognized importance supplementary wildflower plantings support native bee populations, yet little information exists on attractiveness recommended plant species bees. With use network analysis generalized linear mixed models, we evaluated 18 belonging 6 families (Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae Verbenaceae) planted in a randomized block design by conducting timed targeted sweep netting surveys. We also floral preferences four ( Apis mellifera , Halictus poeyi/ligatus Bombus griseocollis impatiens ) with GLMs. found that Asclepias tuberosa, Gaillardia pulchella Verbena hastata attracted greatest abundance, richness diversity bees compared other species. Collectively, 89% all taxa study, which exemplifies including them mixture attract While several low such as Monarda fistulosa, Symphyotrichum pilosum Eryngium yuccifolium they are still ecologically important for attracting uncommon or specialist should be included seed mixes this reason. Solution . Our results highlight each varies attract; could considered decision‐making landowners land managers promote reflect needs certain groups conservation interest.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for bottom‐up effects of moth abundance on forest birds in the north‐boreal zone alone

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Insect declines are raising alarms regarding cascading effects on ecosystems, especially as many insectivorous bird populations also declining. Here, we leveraged long-term monitoring datasets across Finland to investigate trophic dynamics between functional groups of moths and birds in forested habitats. We reveal a positive association the biomass adult- or egg-overwintering biomasses resident long-distance migrant reliant caterpillars breeding-season food north-boreal zone. Contrary expectations, similar signs moth bottom-up were not observed other Finnish regions for overwintering life stages. In fact, some negative associations even detected, possibly attributable opposite abundance trends. While supporting existence zone, our study emphasizes need further investigation elucidate moth-mediated areas characterized by insect decline.

Язык: Английский

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Factors driving bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) and butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) use of sheared shrubland and young forest communities of the western Great Lakes

Environmental Entomology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(6), С. 1095 - 1107

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2023

Abstract In the northern Great Lakes region, creation and maintenance of early-successional woody communities as wildlife habitat have increasingly become a conservation priority. The extent to which insect pollinators use these systems remains largely anecdotal. summer (June–August) 2021, we surveyed 49 sites in western region treated with either shrub-shearing or silviculture (young forest) for bumble bees, butterflies, components (i.e., structural vegetation floral resources). Hierarchical distance models predicted pollinator densities (λ^) be, on average, λ^ = 84 bees/ha 102 butterflies/ha. Although sheared shrubland young forest supported comparable bees density was not equal across all sites. At microhabitat scale, butterfly morphospecies richness were negatively associated tall shrub cover (but density) driven by richness. Similarly, bee positively metrics resources, underscoring importance blooming plants within systems. Landscape covariates explained variation density/richness but density. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that plant abundance is an important driver managed communities. Because are dynamic their herbaceous openings ephemeral, routine management would ensure variety successional conditions exist landscape meet needs potentially other pollinators.

Язык: Английский

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Patterns of species richness and endemism in bee and plant communities in California

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Understanding the spatial distribution of species and their patterns endemism is necessary for effective conservation in context climate change.Despite extensive studies on plants butterflies, native bees California remain largely unexplored, even though they provide majority pollination services.Bee populations are threatened by various factors, including urbanization, disease, introduced species, leading to alarming declines.Utilizing datasets bee plant collections as well analysis tools, I analyzed richness across examine degree concordance with distributions.The results reveal several regions high richness, particularly Mojave Desert, San Joaquin Valley, Yosemite National Park.Additionally, areas were identified, such Central Sierra Nevada Foothills parts Valley.Comparisons angiosperm suggest a close association between flowering but surprising lack overlap centers endemism, emphasizing differences among groups face importance floral resources shaping distributions.This study highlights need expanded efforts protect not only diversity also species.Addressing data gaps biases digitized biodiversity should be prioritized improve accuracy reliability analyses.By broadening scope biodiversity, rich ecological heritage can better safeguarded.v v

Язык: Английский

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Pan Trapping and Malaise Trapping: A Comparison of Bee Collection Techniques in Subalpine Meadows

Diversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(9), С. 536 - 536

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Public lands, managed for multiple uses such as logging, mining, grazing, and recreation, also support vital environmental services like wild bee pollination. A trending decline in bees has heightened interest documenting these key pollinators their native habitats. Accurate assessment of pollinator community diversity is crucial population monitoring informing land management practices. In this study, we evaluate the efficiency Malaise traps pan sampling over three growing seasons subalpine meadow communities central Utah. Sixteen trapping sites were established, each with a trap an array blue, white, yellow traps, nine at site. Weekly collections made through summer months comparison effectiveness capturing abundance species richness was made. captured significantly greater on average, though species-dependent. especially effective Bombus spp. larger species. Pan generally more smaller Hylaeus White outperformed blue terms only richness. Both methods contributed unique to overall collection effort, suggesting that combination provides comprehensive understanding communities. Species accumulation curves indicate existing within went unencountered our samples time or perhaps additional could aid best describing entire community.

Язык: Английский

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