Molecular Psychology Brain Behavior and Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
2, С. 6 - 6
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2023
For
decades,
the
vinegar
fly
Drosophila
melanogaster
has
provided
a
window
into
structure
and
function
of
insect
olfactory
system,
revealing
remarkable
organizational
correspondence
between
insects
vertebrates.
In
both
clades,
sensory
neurons
expressing
same
class
receptor
proteins
exclusively
target
dedicated
neuropil
known
as
glomerulus.
Here,
we
review
recent
evidence
from
Drosophila
other
Dipteran
taxa
that
challenges
this
canonical
view,
showing
widespread
co-expression
within
neurons.
We
discuss
potential
consequences
for
early
processing
in
system.
As
well,
situate
these
findings
broader
framework
learning,
highlighting
suggest
wider
importance
antennal
lobe
than
been
previously
appreciated.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024
Abstract
Brain
evolution
has
primarily
been
studied
at
the
macroscopic
level
by
comparing
relative
size
of
homologous
brain
centers
between
species.
How
neuronal
circuits
change
cellular
over
evolutionary
time
remains
largely
unanswered.
Here,
using
a
phylogenetically
informed
framework,
we
compare
olfactory
three
closely
related
Drosophila
species
that
differ
in
their
chemical
ecology:
generalists
melanogaster
and
simulans
sechellia
specializes
on
ripe
noni
fruit.
We
examine
central
part
circuit
that,
to
our
knowledge,
not
investigated
these
species—the
connections
projection
neurons
Kenyon
cells
mushroom
body—and
identify
species-specific
connectivity
patterns.
found
encoding
food
odors
connect
more
frequently
with
cells,
giving
rise
biases
connectivity.
These
differences
reflect
two
distinct
phenotypes:
number
or
presynaptic
boutons
formed
individual
neurons.
Finally,
behavioral
analyses
suggest
such
increased
enhances
learning
performance
an
associative
task.
Our
study
shows
how
fine-grained
aspects
architecture
center
can
during
ecology
Insects,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1), С. 84 - 84
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Drosophila
suzukii
severely
damages
the
production
of
berry
and
stone
fruits
in
large
parts
world.
Unlike
D.
melanogaster,
which
reproduces
on
overripe
fermenting
ground,
prefers
to
lay
its
eggs
ripening
still
plants.
Flies
locate
fruit
hosts
by
their
odorant
volatiles,
are
detected
encoded
a
highly
specialised
olfactory
system
before
being
translated
into
behaviour.
The
exact
information-processing
pathway
is
not
yet
fully
understood,
especially
evaluation
odour
attractiveness.
It
also
unclear
what
differentiates
brains
melanogaster
cause
crucial
difference
host
selection.
We
hypothesised
that
basis
for
different
behaviours
already
formed
at
level
antennal
lobe
neuronal
responses
volatiles
associated
with
ripe
fruit.
thus
investigated
3D
vivo
two-photon
calcium
imaging
how
both
species
odours
from
fruits,
leaves,
fermented
bacteria,
mixtures
lobe.
then
assessed
behavioural
odours.
neural
reflect
species-dependent
shifts
code.
In
addition
this,
morphological
differences
were
observed.
However,
this
was
directly
reflected
tested.
Abstract
The
Drosophila
melanogaster
olfactory
system
is
one
of
the
most
intensively
studied
parts
nervous
in
any
animal.
Composed
~50
independent
neuron
classes,
with
several
associated
hygrosensory
and
thermosensory
pathways,
it
has
been
subject
to
diverse
types
experimental
analyses.
However,
synthesizing
available
information
limited
by
incomplete
data
inconsistent
nomenclature
found
literature.
In
this
work,
we
first
“complete”
peripheral
sensory
map
through
identification
a
previously
uncharacterized
antennal
population
expressing
Or46aB,
definition
an
exceptional
“hybrid”
class
comprising
functional
Or
Ir
receptors.
Second,
survey
developmental,
anatomical,
connectomic,
functional,
evolutionary
studies
generate
integrated
dataset
visualizations
these
creating
unprecedented
resource.
Third,
illustrate
utility
reveal
relationships
between
different
organizational
properties
system,
new
questions
stimulate.
Such
examples
emphasize
power
resource
promote
further
understanding
construction,
function,
evolution
neural
circuits.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024
Animals′
behaviours
can
vary
greatly
between
even
closely-related
species.
While
changes
in
the
sensory
periphery
have
frequently
been
linked
to
species-specific
behaviours,
very
little
is
known
about
if
and
how
individual
cell
types
central
brain
evolve.
Here,
we
develop
a
set
of
advanced
genetic
tools
compare
homologous
neurons
Drosophila
sechellia
–
which
specialises
on
single
fruit
melanogaster
.
Through
systematic
morphological
analysis
olfactory
projection
(PNs),
reveal
that
global
anatomy
these
second-order
conserved.
However,
high-resolution,
quantitative
comparisons
identify
striking
case
convergent
rewiring
PNs
two
distinct
pathways
critical
for
D.
′s
host
location.
Calcium
imaging
labelling
pre-synaptic
sites
evolved
demonstrate
novel
functional
connections
with
third-order
partners
are
formed
This
work
demonstrates
peripheral
evolution
accompanied
by
highly-selective
wiring
facilitate
ecological
specialisation,
paves
way
comparison
other
throughout
nervous
system.
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
226(24)
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023
ABSTRACT
To
celebrate
its
centenary
year,
Journal
of
Experimental
Biology
(JEB)
commissioned
a
collection
articles
examining
the
past,
present
and
future
experimental
biology.
This
Commentary
closes
by
considering
important
research
opportunities
challenges
that
await
us
in
future.
We
expect
researchers
will
harness
power
technological
advances,
such
as
‘-omics’
gene
editing,
to
probe
resistance
resilience
environmental
change
well
other
organismal
responses.
The
capacity
handle
large
data
sets
allow
high-resolution
be
collected
for
individual
animals
understand
population,
species
community
availability
also
place
greater
emphasis
on
approaches
modeling
simulations.
Finally,
increasing
sophistication
biologgers
more
comprehensive
wild.
Collectively,
these
provide
an
unprecedented
understanding
‘how
work’
keys
safeguarding
at
time
when
anthropogenic
activities
are
degrading
natural
environment.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
fly
Drosophila
suzukii
,
a
close
relative
of
D.
melanogaster
severely
damages
the
production
berry
and
stone
fruits
in
large
parts
world.
Unlike
which
reproduces
on
overripe
fermenting
ground,
prefers
to
lay
its
eggs
ripening
still
plants.
Flies
locate
fruit
hosts
by
their
odorant
volatiles,
are
detected
encoded
highly
specialized
olfactory
system
before
being
translated
into
behaviour.
exact
information
processing
pathway
is
not
yet
fully
understood,
especially
evaluation
odour
attractiveness.
It
also
unclear
what
differentiates
brains
cause
crucial
difference
host
selection.
We
hypothesized
that
basis
for
different
behaviours
already
formed
at
level
antennal
lobe
melanogaster,
neuronal
responses
volatiles
associated
with
ripe
fruit.
thus
investigated
3D
vivo
two-photon
calcium
imaging
how
both
species
odours
from
fruits,
leaves,
fermented
bacteria,
mixtures
lobe.
then
assessed
behavioural
odours.
neural
reflect
species-dependent
shifts
code.
In
addition
this,
morphological
differences
were
observed.
Yet
this
was
directly
reflected
tested.
