Neural Cell Competition Sculpting Brain from Cradle to Grave

National Science Review, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(5)

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Darwinian selection, operating within the cellular ecosystem of multicellular organisms, drives a pervasive surveillance mechanism cell-cell competition that shapes tissue architecture and function. While cell eliminates suboptimal cells to ensure integrity across various tissues, neuronal specifically sculpts neural networks establish precise circuits for sensory, motor cognitive functions. However, our understanding diverse types in both developmental pathological contexts remains limited. Here, we review recent advances on phenomenon, mechanisms potential functions (NCC), ranging from progenitors, neurons, astrocytes oligodendrocytes microglia. Physiological NCC governs survival, proliferation, arborization, organization, function territorial colonization, whereas dysregulated may cause neurodevelopmental disorders, accelerate aging, exacerbate neurodegenerative diseases drive brain tumor progression. Future work leverages help improve cognition curb diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Myc and Tor drive growth and cell competition in the regeneration blastema ofDrosophilawing imaginal discs

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 16, 2025

Abstract During the regeneration of injured or lost tissues, blastema serves as a hub for robust growth. Drosophila imaginal discs are genetically tractable and simple model system study organization this regrowth. Key signals that contribute to regenerative growth in these discs, such ROS, Wnt/Wg, JNK, p38, JAK/STAT, Hippo pathway, have been identified. However, detailed exploration spatial regrowth, factors directly drive growth, consequences activating drivers has not undertaken. Here, we find is controlled by transcription factor Myc Tor signaling, which additively proliferation translation blastema. The arranged into concentric zones defined expression, elevated activity, translation. In addition, increased expression innermost zone induced Xrp1-independent cell competition-like death adjacent zones, revealing delicate balance between driving inducing regenerating tissue. Summary statement wing disc characterized factor, signaling Myc-induced competition .

Язык: Английский

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Corticosterone effects induced by stress and immunity and inflammation: mechanisms of communication

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

The body instinctively responds to external stimuli by increasing energy metabolism and initiating immune responses upon receiving stress signals. Corticosterone (CORT), a glucocorticoid (GC) that regulates secretion along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, mediates neurotransmission humoral regulation. Due widespread expression of receptors (GR), effects CORT are almost ubiquitous in various tissue cells. Therefore, on one hand, is molecular signal activates body’s system during other due chemical properties GCs, anti-inflammatory act as stabilizers control response stress. Inflammation manifestation activation. plays dual roles this process both promoting inflammation exerting As hormone, levels fluctuate with degree duration stress, determining its changes it induces. essential for resist diseases maintain homeostasis, imbalance being key factor development diseases. understanding role mechanisms action immunity crucial. This review addresses important issue summarizes interactions between system.

Язык: Английский

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Cell mechanics and cell-cell recognition controls by Toll-like receptors in tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis

Fly, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1), С. 233 - 247

Опубликована: Май 17, 2022

Signal transduction by the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is conserved and essential for innate immunity in metazoans. The founding member of TLR family, Drosophila Toll-1, was initially identified its role dorsoventral axis formation early embryogenesis. genome encodes nine TLRs that display dynamic expression patterns during development, suggesting their involvement tissue morphogenesis homeostasis. Recent progress on developmental functions beyond patterning has revealed not only diverse various biological processes, but also unprecedented molecular mechanisms directly regulating cell mechanics cell-cell recognition independent canonical signal pathway involving transcriptional regulation target genes. In this review, I feature discuss non-immune control epithelial homeostasis, morphogenesis, between populations with different identities.

Язык: Английский

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PI3K-activated MSC proteomes inhibit mammary tumors via Hsp90ab1 and Myh9

Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26, С. 360 - 371

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2022

Despite the advance in medications past decade, aggressive breast cancer such as triple-negative is difficult to treat. Here, we examined a counter-intuitive approach converting human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into induced tumor-suppressing by administering YS49, PI3K/Akt activator. Notably, PI3K-activated MSCs generated tumor-suppressive proteomes, while PI3K-inactivated tumor-promotive proteomes. In mouse model, daily administration of YS49-treated MSC-derived CM decreased progression primary mammary tumors well colonization tumor lung. ex vivo assay, size freshly isolated tissues, including estrogen receptor positive and negative epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) negative, was CM. Hsp90ab1 enriched an atypical protein immunoprecipitated non-muscle myosin, Myh9. Extracellular Myh9 exerted anti-tumor action inhibited maturation bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Collectively, this study demonstrated that activation PI3K proteomes supported possibility using patient-derived for treatment metastasis.

Язык: Английский

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