Genetic manipulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway activity has sex-biased effects onDrosophilabody size DOI Creative Commons
Jason W. Millington, George P. Brownrigg,

Paige J. Basner-Collins

и другие.

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

In Drosophila raised in nutrient-rich conditions, female body size is approximately 30% larger than male due to an increased rate of growth and differential weight loss during the larval period. While mechanisms that control this sex difference remain incompletely understood, recent studies suggest insulin/insulin-like factor signaling pathway (IIS) plays a role sex-specific regulation processes influence development. larvae, IIS activity differs between sexes, there evidence ligands. Yet, we lack knowledge how changes impact each sex, as majority on use single- or mixed-sex groups larvae and/or adult flies. The goal our current study was clarify requirement for sex. To achieve goal, used established genetic approaches enhance, inhibit, activity, quantified pupal males females. Overall, genotypes inhibited caused female-biased decrease size, whereas augmented male-specific increase size. These data extend understanding by showing most have sex-biased effects, highlights importance analyzing according

Язык: Английский

Emerging mechanisms of cell competition DOI
Nicholas E. Baker

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(11), С. 683 - 697

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2020

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

199
Hyperinsulinemia in Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer DOI Creative Commons
Anni Zhang, Elizabeth A. Wellberg, Janel L. Kopp

и другие.

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 45(3), С. 285 - 311

Опубликована: Март 29, 2021

The relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or action causes diabetes. However, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus can be associated with an absolute increase in circulating insulin, a state known as hyperinsulinemia. Studies are beginning to elucidate the cause-effect relationships between hyperinsulinemia numerous consequences metabolic dysfunctions. Here, we review recent evidence demonstrating that may play role inflammation, aging development cancers. In this review, will focus on mechanisms excess production action, placing findings have challenged dogma context existing body literature. Where relevant, elaborate specific signal transduction components actions chronic By discussing involvement various other diseases, identify more effective therapeutics or lifestyle interventions for preventing treating obesity, cancer. We also seek pertinent questions ripe future investigation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

160
Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets DOI Creative Commons
Shaosen Zhang,

Xinyi Xiao,

Yonglin Yi

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

Abstract Tumorigenesis is a multistep process, with oncogenic mutations in normal cell conferring clonal advantage as the initial event. However, despite pervasive somatic and expansion tissues, their transformation into cancer remains rare event, indicating presence of additional driver events for progression to an irreversible, highly heterogeneous, invasive lesion. Recently, researchers are emphasizing mechanisms environmental tumor risk factors epigenetic alterations that profoundly influencing early malignant evolution, independently inducing mutations. Additionally, evolution tumorigenesis reflects multifaceted interplay between cell-intrinsic identities various cell-extrinsic exert selective pressures either restrain uncontrolled proliferation or allow specific clones progress tumors. by which induce both intrinsic cellular competency remodel stress facilitate not fully understood. In this review, we summarize genetic, epigenetic, external events, effects on co-evolution transformed cells ecosystem during initiation evolution. A deeper understanding earliest molecular holds promise translational applications, predicting individuals at high-risk developing strategies intercept transformation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

59
Brain Plasticity and Cell Competition: Immediate Early Genes Are the Focus DOI Creative Commons
П. П. Трегуб, Yulia K. Komleva,

Maria V. Kukla

и другие.

Cells, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 143 - 143

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

Brain plasticity is at the basis of many cognitive functions, including learning and memory. It includes several mechanisms synaptic extrasynaptic changes, neurogenesis, formation elimination synapses. The transmission involves expression immediate early genes (IEGs) that regulate neuronal activity, thereby supporting In addition, IEGs are involved in regulation brain cells’ metabolism, proliferation, survival, establishment multicellular ensembles, and, presumably, cell competition tissue. this review, we analyze current understanding role (c-Fos, c-Myc, Arg3.1/Arc) controlling physiological pathological conditions, aging neurodegeneration. This work might inspire new gene therapy strategies targeting to plasticity, potentially prevent or mitigate neurodegenerative diseases.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Tumour–host interactions through the lens of Drosophila DOI
David Bilder, Katy Ong, Tsai‐Ching Hsi

и другие.

Nature reviews. Cancer, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(11), С. 687 - 700

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

66
Obesity: a perfect storm for carcinogenesis DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin Harris, Valentine M. Macaulay, David A. Harris

и другие.

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(3), С. 491 - 515

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022

Obesity-related cancers account for 40% of the cancer cases observed in USA and obesity is overtaking smoking as most widespread modifiable risk factor carcinogenesis. Here, we use hallmarks framework to delineate how might influence carcinogenic somatic cells. We discuss effects on (a) sustaining proliferative signaling; (b) evading growth suppressors; (c) resisting cell death; (d) enabling replicative immortality; (e) inducing angiogenesis; (f) activating invasion metastasis; (g) reprogramming energy metabolism; (h) avoiding immune destruction, together with its genome instability tumour-promoting inflammation. present current understanding controversies this evolving field, highlight some areas need further cross-disciplinary focus. For instance, relative importance many potentially causative obesity-related factors unclear each type malignancy. Even within a single tumour type, it currently unknown whether one consistently plays predominant role, or if varies between patients or, even patient time. Clarifying are affected by may lead novel prevention treatment strategies increasingly obese population.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

44
Physical Activity, Insulin Resistance and Cancer: A Systematic Review DOI Open Access
Santiago Navarro‐Ledesma, Dina Hamed-Hamed, Ana González-Muñoz

и другие.

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 656 - 656

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR), a key aspect of type 2 diabetes and defining characteristic obesity its associated conditions, emerges as mechanistic pathway potentially implicated in cancer pathophysiology. This presents an appealing intervention target for patients. The objective this study is to conduct systematic review, examining the scientific evidence regarding impact physical activity on modifying insulin individuals with cancer. Methods: selection criteria were specific: only randomized controlled clinical trials published last 13 years written English or Spanish included. databases utilized search included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, WEB OF SCIENCE. protocol review was duly registered International Register Systematic Reviews (CRD42023435002). final conducted 14 May 2023. Results: outcomes assessed using tool proposed by Handbook evaluate risk bias studies. Among 12 studies incorporated, 8 demonstrated low bias, two had unclear remaining showed high bias. variety exercise types used across all extensive, making definitive conclusions challenging. Physical linked enhanced sensitivity seven studies, while five no significant changes between control groups. Importantly, none interventions employed exhibited adverse effects participants. Conclusions: role medicine against has been evidenced many different mostly related cardiovascular diseases. Engaging could be healthy option combat patients, although weak limited, according results our systemic review. We further found that literature lacking at level optimal doses, timing, exercise. More are needed more defined PA programs length.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Cell competition and cancer from Drosophila to mammals DOI Creative Commons
Bojie Cong, Ross Cagan

Oncogenesis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Abstract Throughout an individual’s life, somatic cells acquire cancer-associated mutations. A fraction of these mutations trigger tumour formation, a phenomenon partly driven by the interplay mutant and wild-type cell clones competing for dominance; conversely, other function against initiation. This mechanism ‘cell competition’, can shift clone dynamics evaluating relative status clonal populations, promoting ‘winners’ eliminating ‘losers’. review examines role competition in context tumorigenesis, progression therapeutic intervention.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8
Organismal metabolism regulates the expansion of oncogenic PIK3CA mutant clones in normal esophagus DOI Creative Commons
Albert Herms, Bartomeu Colom, Gabriel Piedrafita

и другие.

Nature Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56(10), С. 2144 - 2157

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations generate large clones in aging human esophagus. Here we investigate the behavior of Pik3ca mutant normal esophageal epithelium transgenic mice. Expression a heterozygous

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Cell competition: emerging signaling and unsolved questions DOI Creative Commons
Rina Nagata, Tatsushi Igaki

FEBS Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 598(4), С. 379 - 389

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Multicellular communities have an intrinsic mechanism that optimizes their structure and function via cell–cell communication. One of the driving forces for such self‐organization multicellular system is cell competition, elimination viable unfit or deleterious cells interaction. Studies in Drosophila mammals identified multiple mechanisms competition caused by different types mutations cellular changes. Intriguingly, recent studies found “losers” commonly show reduced protein synthesis. In , reduction synthesis levels loser phosphorylation translation initiation factor eIF2α a bZip transcription Xrp1. Given variety stresses converge on thus global inhibition synthesis, may be machinery fitness removing stressed cells. this review, we summarize discuss emerging signaling critical unsolved questions, as well role competition.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6