COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Events in the United States: A Temporal and Spatial Analysis (Preprint)

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10, С. e51007 - e51007

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Background The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had a profound impact worldwide, leading to widespread morbidity and mortality. Vaccination against is critical tool in controlling the spread of virus reducing severity disease. However, rapid development deployment vaccines have raised concerns about potential adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). Understanding temporal spatial patterns these AEFIs crucial for an effective public health response vaccine safety monitoring. Objective This study aimed analyze characteristics associated with United States reported Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), thereby providing insights into distributions AEFIs, profile vaccines, risk factors AEFIs. Methods We conducted retrospective analysis administration data from Centers Disease Control Prevention (n=663,822,575) reports surveillance system VAERS (n=900,522) between 2020 2022. To gain broader understanding postvaccination reported, we categorized them organ classes (SOCs) according Medical Dictionary Regulatory Activities. Additionally, performed examine trends all reports, those related Pfizer-BioNTech Moderna, top 10 AEFI serious reports. also compared similarity symptoms across various regions within States. Results Our findings revealed that most frequently vaccination were headache (n=141,186, 15.68%), pyrexia (n=122,120, 13.56%), fatigue (n=121,910, 13.54%). common symptom combination was chills (n=56,954, 6.32%). Initially, general disorders site conditions (SOC 22) prevalent class reported. Moderna exhibited higher reporting rate Pfizer-BioNTech. Over time, observed decreasing vaccines. In addition, overall rates comparable. terms analysis, middle north displayed while southeast south-central showed notable Conclusions provides valuable underscore need increasing coverage, as well ongoing monitoring Implementing targeted programs can facilitate efficient management enhancing confidence future campaigns.

Язык: Английский

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Effective cellular and neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after mRNA booster vaccination is associated with pDC and B cell activation

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 12, 2025

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs), particularly Omicron, has challenged the efficacy initial COVID-19 vaccination strategies. Booster immunizations, especially with mRNA vaccines, were introduced to enhance and prolong immune protection. However, underlying mechanisms humoral cellular immunity induced by homologous versus heterologous regimens remain incompletely understood. This study aimed elucidate responses, including B cell, plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC), T activation, following booster vaccination. In a longitudinal cohort study, 136 individuals received three different regimens: mRNA, vector-mRNA-mRNA, or vector-vector-mRNA vaccinations. Serum peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected at multiple time points up 64 weeks after Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers neutralization capacity against wildtype virus Omicron variant measured using ELISA cPass assays. Cellular was assessed IFN-γ release assays, flow cytometry employed analyze pDC frequencies, viability, activation markers. Functional pDC-mediated evaluated in mixed lymphocyte cultures. stabilized high anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity across all regimens, group showing highest antibody capacity. Peripheral frequencies markers (MHC class I/II, CD86) significantly upregulated post-booster. pDCs demonstrated enhanced antigen-presenting promoted SARS-CoV-2-specific responses vitro. Despite differences between breakthrough infection rates 25 post-booster comparable cohorts, suggesting compensatory via immunity. Our findings highlight pivotal role sustaining effective While induce superior robust may balance protection levels infections. underscores importance integrated potential for optimized strategies pDC-targeted vaccine designs long-term emerging variants.

Язык: Английский

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Protection Against Sars-Cov-2 Infections after Booster Covid-19 Vaccination: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

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Язык: Английский

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Antibody responses post-booster COVID-19 vaccination: Insights from a single-center prospective cohort study

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 110(2), С. 116425 - 116425

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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