Cutting through the noise: A narrative review of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers for routine clinical use
The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 100056 - 100056
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
As
novel,
anti-amyloid
therapies
have
become
more
widely
available,
access
to
timely
and
accurate
diagnosis
has
integral
ensuring
optimal
treatment
of
patients
with
early-stage
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Plasma
biomarkers
are
a
promising
tool
for
identifying
AD
pathology;
however,
several
technical
clinical
factors
need
be
considered
prior
their
implementation
in
routine
use.
Given
the
rapid
pace
advancements
field
wide
array
available
tests,
this
review
aims
summarize
these
considerations,
evaluate
platforms,
discuss
steps
needed
bring
plasma
biomarker
testing
clinic.
We
focus
on
phosphorylated(p)-tau,
specifically
p-tau217,
as
robust
candidate
across
both
primary
secondary
care
settings.
Despite
high
performance
robustness
demonstrated
research,
like
all
biomarkers,
can
affected
by
analytical
pre-analytical
variability
well
patient
comorbidities,
sex,
ethnicity,
race.
This
also
discusses
advantages
two-point
cut-off
approach
mitigating
factors,
challenges
raised
resulting
intermediate
range
measurements,
where
guidance
is
still
unclear.
Further
validation
p-tau217
heterogeneous,
real-world
cohorts
will
help
increase
confidence
support
establishing
standardized
approach.
poised
affordable
less
invasive
alternative
PET
CSF
testing.
However,
understanding
that
impact
measurement
interpretation
critical
Язык: Английский
Challenges in the practical implementation of blood biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
The Lancet Healthy Longevity,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(10), С. 100630 - 100630
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Advances in blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD): A review
The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
40(8), С. 692 - 698
Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024
Abstract
Alzheimer
disease
(AD)
and
Disease
Related
Dementias
(AD/ADRD)
are
growing
public
health
challenges
globally
affecting
millions
of
older
adults,
necessitating
concerted
efforts
to
advance
our
understanding
management
these
conditions.
AD
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorder
characterized
pathologically
by
amyloid
plaques
tau
neurofibrillary
tangles
that
the
primary
cause
dementia
in
individuals.
Early
accurate
diagnosis
crucial
for
effective
intervention
treatment
but
has
proven
challenging
accomplish.
Although
testing
brain
pathology
with
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
or
positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
been
available
over
2
decades,
most
patients
never
underwent
this
because
inaccessibility,
high
out‐of‐pocket
costs,
perceived
risks,
lack
AD‐specific
treatments.
However,
recent
years,
rapid
progress
made
developing
blood
biomarkers
AD/ADRD.
Consequently,
have
emerged
as
promising
tools
non‐invasive
cost‐effective
diagnosis,
prognosis,
monitoring
progression.
This
review
presents
evolving
landscape
AD/ADRD
explores
their
potential
applications
clinical
practice
early
detection,
therapeutic
interventions.
It
covers
advances
biomarkers,
including
beta
(Aβ)
peptides,
protein,
neurofilament
light
chain
(NfL),
glial
fibrillary
acidic
protein
(GFAP).
also
discusses
diagnostic
prognostic
utility
while
addressing
associated
limitations.
Future
research
directions
rapidly
field
proposed.
Язык: Английский
Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease and Neurodegeneration According to Sociodemographic Characteristics and Chronic Health Conditions
The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Clinical Utility of an Alzheimer’s Disease Blood Test Among Cognitively Impaired Patients: Results from the Quality Improvement PrecivityAD2 (QUIP II) Clinician Survey Study
Diagnostics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 167 - 167
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
Objective:
The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
assess
clinical
decision-making
associated
with
the
use
a
multi-analyte
blood
biomarker
(BBM)
test
among
patients
presenting
signs
or
symptoms
mild
cognitive
impairment
dementia.
Methods:
Quality
Improvement
PrecivityAD2
(QUIP
II)
Clinician
Survey
(NCT06025877)
evaluated
utility
PrecivityAD2™
in
prospective,
single
cohort
203
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
other
causes
decline
across
12
memory
specialists.
(C2N
Diagnostics,
St.
Louis,
MO)
combines
plasma
Aβ42/Aβ40
ratio
and
p-tau217/np-tau217
(%p-tau217)
measurements
statistical
algorithm
yield
an
Amyloid
Probability
Score
2
(APS2)
that
informs
on
likelihood
brain
amyloid
plaques.
After
receiving
BBM
results,
clinicians
completed
surveys
management
strategies
for
each
patient.
Results:
Patients
had
median
age
74,
53%
were
female,
28%
traditionally
under-represented
Black,
Hispanic,
Asian
groups.
composite
primary
endpoint,
defined
as
change
AD
diagnostic
certainty,
drug
therapy,
additional
evaluation
pre-
post-BBM
testing,
75%
(p
<
0.0001
versus
pre-specified
threshold
20%
clinically
meaningful
change).
Anti-AD
medication
orders
decreased
negative
APS2
increased
positive
0.0001).
Additional
testing
Conclusions:
This
can
help
specialists
guide
anti-AD
therapies
well
rule
out
allow
considerations.
Язык: Английский
High precision and cost-effective multiplex quantification of amyloid-β40, amyloid-β42, p181Tau, p217Tau, neurofilament light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein from plasma and serum
Journal of Alzheimer s Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 13, 2025
Background
Current
methods
to
quantify
blood
biomarkers
for
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
are
expensive
and
not
widely
available.
Objective
To
develop
a
low-cost,
sensitive,
accurate
multiplex
assay
Aβ
40
,
42
p181Tau,
p217Tau,
NfL,
GFAP
in
plasma
serum
based
on
available
technology.
Methods
We
used
commercial
antibodies
GFAP,
xMAP
Luminex
technology,
developed
the
5ADCSI
these
from
serum.
The
utility
of
was
tested
matched
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
or
cohort
cognitively
normal
(CN:
n
=
35),
with
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI:
17),
AD
(n
11)
individuals.
Results
demonstrated
high
specificity
sensitivity,
excellent
precision.
In
clinical
samples,
moderate
strong
correlation
is
observed
between
CSF
42/40
(
r
0.78
),
p181Tau/Aβ
0.57
p217Tau/Aβ
0.72
p181Tau
0.59
p217Tau
0.75
).
AUC
receiver-operator
characteristic
curve
differentiating
CN
plasma/serum
0.75,
0.80
0.95,
0.91
0.76,
0.81
0.73
0.78for
respectively.
Conclusions
highly
specific,
accurate.
wide
availability
base
technology
an
advantage
over
other
similar
would
allow
cost-effective
large-scale
studies
validation
early
diagnosis
AD.
Язык: Английский
Mass spectrometry-based methods for biofluid biomarkers for progressive diseases: amyloid peptides and dystrophins
Bioanalysis,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 10
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2025
Using
two
diseases,
Alzheimer's
disease
and
muscular
dystrophy
as
examples,
in
which
many
resources
have
been
invested,
trends
bioanalytical
techniques
for
detection
of
peptide
or
protein
biomarkers
using
mass
spectrometry
are
reviewed
Web
Science
database.
Amyloid
beta
peptides
used
to
detect
disease,
obtained
by
tryptic
digestion
dystrophin
dystrophy.
Based
on
the
recent
interest
peripheral
blood
analysis,
literature
review
was
focused
biofluid
analysis.
Both
electrospray
matrix-assisted
laser
desorption
ionization
were
employed
amyloid
peptides,
high-resolution
ion
mobility
had
introduced
enhance
selectivity.
Immunoprecipitation
often
pretreatment;
however,
emergence
combined
use
different
solid-phase
extraction
mode
observed.
Regarding
from
dystrophin,
there
few
reported
applications
biofluids,
typically
ionization-selected
reaction
monitoring
with
pretreatment
employed.
Validity
propelled
development
methods
attracting
research
interest.
The
analytical
methodologies
built
proven
field
current
interests
increasing
selectivity
sensitivity,
such
differential
parallel
monitoring.
Язык: Английский
Dysregulation of Porphyromonas gingivalis Agmatine Deiminase Expression in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(4), С. 232 - 241
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Background:
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
prevalent
neurodegenerative
disorder,
with
a
significant
burden
on
global
health.
AD
characterized
by
progressive
cognitive
decline
and
memory
loss.
Emerging
research
suggests
potential
link
between
periodontitis,
specifically
presence
of
oral
bacteria
such
as
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
(P.
gingivalis),
progression.
P.
produces
an
enzyme,
Agmatine
deiminase
(AgD),
which
converts
agmatine
to
N-carbamoyl
putrescine
(NCP),
serving
precursor
essential
polyamines.
Recent
studies
have
confirmed
correlation
disruptions
in
polyamine
metabolism
impairment.
Objective:
This
study
aims
investigate
dysregulation
(PgAgD)
context
AD.
Methods:
Saliva
samples
were
collected
from
total
54
individuals,
including
27
patients
healthy
controls.
The
expression
PgAgD
gene
was
analyzed
using
quantitative
Real--
Time
PCR.
Results:
results
showed
decrease
saliva
compared
downregulation
found
advanced
stages
periodontitis.
Additionally,
observed
30-item
Mini-Mental
State
Examination
(MMSE)
score.
Conclusion:
These
findings
suggest
that
measuring
could
be
noninvasive
tool
for
monitoring
progression
aid
early
diagnosis
Further
needed
validate
our
explore
underlying
mechanisms
linking
expression,
pathophysiology.
Язык: Английский