Molecules,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
22(9), С. 1430 - 1430
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2017
The
rapid
emergence
of
multidrug-resistant
pathogens
has
evolved
into
a
global
health
problem
as
current
treatment
options
are
failing
for
infections
caused
by
pan-resistant
bacteria.
Hence,
novel
antibiotics
in
high
demand,
and
this
reason
antimicrobial
peptides
(AMPs)
have
attracted
considerable
interest,
since
they
often
show
broad-spectrum
activity,
fast
killing
cell
selectivity.
However,
the
therapeutic
potential
natural
AMPs
is
limited
their
short
plasma
half-life.
Antimicrobial
peptidomimetics
mimic
structure
biological
activity
AMPs,
but
display
extended
stability
presence
matrices.
In
present
review,
focus
on
developments
reported
last
decade
with
respect
to
design,
synthesis,
cytotoxic
side
effects
well
applications
anti-infective
agents.
Specifically,
only
modular
residues
connected
via
amide
linkages
will
be
discussed.
These
comprise
classes
α-peptoids
(N-alkylated
glycine
oligomers),
β-peptoids
β-alanine
β3-peptides,
α/β3-peptides,
α-peptide/β-peptoid
hybrids,
α/γ
N-acylated
N-aminoethylpeptides
(AApeptides),
oligoacyllysines
(OAKs).
Such
particular
interest
due
potent
versatile
convenient
optimization
assembly
standard
solid-phase
procedures.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
Volume 12, С. 1227 - 1249
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2017
Nanoparticles
(NPs)
are
increasingly
used
to
target
bacteria
as
an
alternative
antibiotics.
Nanotechnology
may
be
particularly
advantageous
in
treating
bacterial
infections.
Examples
include
the
utilization
of
NPs
antibacterial
coatings
for
implantable
devices
and
medicinal
materials
prevent
infection
promote
wound
healing,
antibiotic
delivery
systems
treat
disease,
detection
generate
microbial
diagnostics,
vaccines
control
The
mechanisms
poorly
understood,
but
currently
accepted
oxidative
stress
induction,
metal
ion
release,
non-oxidative
mechanisms.
multiple
simultaneous
action
against
microbes
would
require
gene
mutations
same
cell
resistance
develop;
therefore,
it
is
difficult
cells
become
resistant
NPs.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
factors
that
involved.
limitations
current
research
also
discussed.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
6
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2016
Antimicrobial
peptides
(AMPs),
also
known
as
host
defense
peptides,
are
short
and
generally
positively
charged
found
in
a
wide
variety
of
life
forms
from
microorganisms
to
humans.
Most
AMPs
have
the
ability
kill
microbial
pathogens
directly,
whereas
others
act
indirectly
by
modulating
systems.
Against
background
rapidly
increasing
resistance
development
conventional
antibiotics
all
over
world,
efforts
bring
into
clinical
use
accelerating.
Several
currently
being
evaluated
trials
novel
anti-infectives,
but
new
pharmacological
agents
modulate
immune
response,
promote
wound
healing,
prevent
post-surgical
adhesions.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
biological
role,
classification,
mode
action
AMPs,
discuss
opportunities
challenges
develop
these
for
applications,
review
innovative
formulation
strategies
application
AMPs.
Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
8(1), С. 4 - 4
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2018
Antibiotic
resistance
is
projected
as
one
of
the
greatest
threats
to
human
health
in
future
and
hence
alternatives
are
being
explored
combat
resistance.
Antimicrobial
peptides
(AMPs)
have
shown
great
promise,
because
use
AMPs
leads
bacteria
develop
no
or
low
In
this
review,
we
discuss
diversity,
history
various
mechanisms
action
AMPs.
Although
many
reached
clinical
trials,
date
not
been
approved
by
US
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
due
issues
with
toxicity,
protease
cleavage
short
half-life.
Some
recent
strategies
developed
improve
activity
biocompatibility
AMPs,
such
chemical
modifications
delivery
systems,
also
reviewed
article.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
Volume 12, С. 8211 - 8225
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2017
Abstract:
Despite
an
array
of
cogent
antibiotics,
bacterial
infections,
notably
those
produced
by
nosocomial
pathogens,
still
remain
a
leading
factor
morbidity
and
mortality
around
the
globe.
They
target
severely
ill,
hospitalized
immunocompromised
patients
with
incapacitated
immune
system,
who
are
prone
to
infections.
The
choice
antimicrobial
therapy
is
largely
empirical
not
devoid
toxicity,
hypersensitivity,
teratogenicity
and/or
mutagenicity.
emergence
multidrug-resistant
bacteria
further
intensifies
clinical
predicament
as
it
directly
impacts
public
health
due
diminished
potency
current
antibiotics.
In
addition,
there
escalating
concern
respect
biofilm-associated
infections
that
refractory
presently
available
armory,
leaving
almost
no
therapeutic
option.
Hence,
dire
need
develop
alternate
antibacterial
agents.
past
decade
has
witnessed
substantial
upsurge
in
global
use
nanomedicines
innovative
tools
for
combating
high
rates
resistance.
Antibacterial
activity
metal
oxide
nanoparticles
(NPs)
been
extensively
reported.
microbes
eliminated
either
microbicidal
effects
NPs,
such
release
free
ions
culminating
cell
membrane
damage,
DNA
interactions
or
radical
generation,
microbiostatic
coupled
killing
potentiated
host’s
system.
This
review
encompasses
magnitude
multidrug
resistance
evasion
host
mechanisms
used
drug
nanomaterials
based
on
metals
overcome
these
challenges.
diverse
annihilative
conventional
biogenic
NPs
also
discussed.
polymer-based
nanocomposites,
alone
functionalized
ligands,
antibodies
alternative
agents
treating
severe
Combinatorial
metallic
adjunct
existing
may
aid
restrain
mounting
menace
threat.
Keywords:
antibacterial,
nanoparticles,
microbicidal,
nanomedicines,
microbial
biofilms,
antibiotic
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Март 28, 2018
Alarming
data
about
increasing
resistance
to
conventional
antibiotics
are
reported,
while
at
the
same
time
development
of
new
is
stagnating.
Skin
and
soft
tissue
infections
(SSTIs)
mainly
caused
by
so
called
ESKAPE
pathogens
(Enterococcus
faecium,
Staphylococcus
aureus,
Klebsiella
pneumoniae,
Acinetobacter
baumannii,
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,
Enterobacter
species)
which
belong
most
recalcitrant
bacteria
resistant
almost
all
common
antibiotics.
S.
aureus
P.
aeruginosa
frequent
isolated
from
chronic
wounds
topical
has
become
a
major
issue.
Therefore,
treatment
options
urgently
needed.
In
recent
years,
research
focused
on
synthetic
antimicrobial
peptides
(AMPs)
with
lower
toxicity
improved
activity
compared
their
endogenous
counterparts.
AMPs
appear
be
promising
therapeutic
for
SSTIs
as
they
show
broad
spectrum
activity,
low
rates
display
pivotal
immunomodulatory
well
wound
healing
promoting
activities
such
induction
cell
migration
proliferation
angiogenesis.
this
review,
we
evaluate
potential
bacterial
provide
an
overview
mechanisms
actions
that
contribute
combat
skin
improve
healing.
Bacteria
growing
in
biofilms
more
than
planktonic
counterparts
due
limited
biofilm
penetration
distinct
metabolic
physiological
functions,
often
result
chronification
wounds.
Thus,
further
discuss
feasibility
anti-biofilm
agents.
Finally,
highlight
perspectives
future
therapies
issues
remain
bring
successfully
market.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
40(7), С. 978 - 992
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2020
The
rapid
development
of
microbial
resistance
to
conventional
antibiotics
has
accelerated
efforts
find
anti-infectives
with
a
novel
mode-of-action,
which
are
less
prone
bacterial
resistance.
Intense
nonclinical
and
clinical
research
is
today
ongoing
evaluate
antimicrobial
peptides
(AMPs)
as
potential
next-generation
antibiotics.
Currently,
multiple
AMPs
assessed
in
late-stage
trials,
not
only
anti-infective
drugs,
but
also
innovative
product
candidates
for
immunomodulation,
promotion
wound
healing,
prevention
post-operative
scars.
translate
AMP-based
findings
into
pharmaceutical
expected
accelerate
coming
years
due
technological
advancements
areas,
including
an
improved
understanding
the
mechanism-of-action
AMPs,
smart
formulation
strategies,
advanced
chemical
synthesis
protocols.
At
same
time,
it
recognized
that
cytotoxicity,
low
metabolic
stability
sensitivity
proteolytic
degradation,
limited
oral
bioavailability
some
key
weaknesses
AMPs.
Furthermore,
pricing
reimbursement
environment
new
products
remains
major
barrier
commercialization
