Characterization of an EG.5.1 clinical isolatein vitroandin vivo DOI Creative Commons
Ryuta Uraki, Maki Kiso, Kiyoko Iwatsuki‐Horimoto

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Abstract EG.5.1 is a subvariant of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB variant that rapidly increasing in prevalence worldwide. has additional substitutions its spike protein (namely, Q52H and F456L) compared with XBB.1.5. However, pathogenicity, transmissibility, immune evasion properties clinical isolates are largely unknown. In this study, we used wild-type Syrian hamsters to investigate replicative ability, transmissibility isolate. Our data show there no obvious differences growth ability pathogenicity between XBB.1.5, both XBB.1.5 attenuated Delta We also found transmitted more efficiently addition, unlike detected virus lungs four six exposed hamsters, suggesting tropism different from after airborne transmission. Finally, assessed neutralizing plasma convalescent individuals activity against was slightly, but significantly, lower than or XBB.1.9.2. This suggests effectively evades humoral immunity amino acid S XBB.1.9.2 (i.e., Q52H, R158G, alter antigenicity EG.5.1. suggest increased altered may be driving over human population.

Язык: Английский

Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5.2.48 DOI Creative Commons
Wenqi Wang,

Qiushi Jin,

Ruixue Liu

и другие.

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

With the prevalence of sequentially-emerged sublineages including BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection has transformed into a regional epidemic disease. As sublineage BA.5.2.48 outbroke evolved multi-subvariants in China without clearly established virological characteristics. Here, we evaluated characteristics two isolates prevalent subvariant, DY.2 DY.1.1 (a subvariant DY.1). Compared to normal BA.5 spike, double-mutated spike demonstrates efficient cleavage, reduced fusogenicity higher hACE2 binding affinity. demonstrated enhanced airborne transmission capacity than hamsters. The pathogenicity is greater BA.2, as revealed Omicron-lethal H11-K18-hACE2 rodents. In both naïve convalescent hamsters, shows stronger fitness hamster turbinates. Thus outbreaking promotes multidirectional evolution its subvariants, gaining either or upper airways which associated with transmission.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 reveals attenuated pathogenicity and airborne transmission DOI Creative Commons
Ruixue Liu,

Qiushi Jin,

Wenqi Wang

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2024

Abstract JN.1 is a subvariant of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 lineage that was predominant worldwide in early 2024, which the vivo characteristics are largely unknown. Our results demonstrated replication more efficient than parental BA.2 Vero cells, low dependence on TMPRSS2. Compared to variants and XBB EG.5.1, replicated less efficiently hACE2 mouse lungs intranasal infection not lethal mice led weaker immune dysregulation. On sensitive, aged hamster model, lower mortality rate no weight loss, corresponding well with preference airways. Lower amounts viruses nasal washes exhaled aerosols were detected infected wildtype hamsters consistently, also exhibited reduced airborne transmission. Moreover, poor transmission clearly even by using expressing receptors whole airway. Thus both pathogenicity be attenuated. Importance Currently, its subvariants have fully replaced previous dominant around world. Although strong evasion has been distinctly revealed, remained unclear. By multiple Omicron-sensitive rodent models, our findings The weak consistent reported relative transmissibility human, airway-expressing ulteriorly eliminates potential bias viral studies induced receptor divergence between animal models human. These uncover virological novel lineage, providing insights for communicable disease control.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Characterization of the Pathogenic Features of Multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 Pandemic Strains in Different Mouse Models DOI

Huize Sun,

Kunpeng Liu,

Baocheng Yu

и другие.

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(11)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Elucidating the detailed features of emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 strains both in vitro and vivo is indispensable for development effective vaccines or drugs against viral infection. We thoroughly characterized virological pathogenic eight different pandemic strains, from WT strain to current circulating sublineage EG.5.1, vivo. Besides observed Vero E6 cells, Omicron variants, BA.1 exhibited enhanced infectious effects upper respiratory tract K18 human angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE2) (K18 hACE2) transgenic mice. Both XBB.1.9.1 EG.5.1 presented stronger tropism brain, which could be main reason increased lethal on In addition, pathogenesis comparisons among all these viruses C57BL/6JGpt mice indicated that variant two new sublineages possessed dual tropisms mice, were further confirmed by subsequent bioinformatic analyses actual affinity comparison between RBDs mouse receptor ACE2. Furthermore, immunocompromised BKS‐db found more susceptible compared revealed infectivity was determined its host immunocompetence. Thus, this study not only contributes a systematic understanding but also provides insights combat potential future surges variants.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Sensitivity of rodents to SARS-CoV-2: Gerbils are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, but guinea pigs are not DOI Creative Commons
Kiyoko Iwatsuki‐Horimoto, Maki Kiso,

Mutsumi Ito

и другие.

npj Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2024

Syrian hamster are sensitive to SARS-CoV-2 and widely used as an animal model of COVID-19. In contrast, mice not readily infected by the ancestral strains because differences in their angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. Thus, even among rodents, susceptibility varies. Knowledge virus transmissibility from humans pet rodents is important for public health assess potential transmission home breeding selling facilities. this study, we assessed sensitivity guinea pigs gerbils isolated humans, found that susceptible SARS-CoV-2, but not. Pet sellers often display hamsters with high same area gerbils, so caution should be exercised during COVID-19 outbreaks.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Intranasal vaccination of Syrian Hamsters with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S disrupts airborne transmission cycles of SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Adrianus C. M. Boon, Tamarand L. Darling, Houda Harastani

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023

Abstract COVID-19 vaccines have successfully reduced severe disease and death after acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Nonetheless, are variably effective in preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, their role inhibiting community viral transmission remains less well characterized. Here, we evaluated the impact of mucosal vaccination on primary secondary airborne a Syrian hamster pre-clinical model. Intranasal immunization contact hamsters with chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored vaccine (ChAd-CoV-2-S) that is predecessor currently used iNCOVACC® infectious virus titers ~100-fold 100,000-fold upper lower tract following exposure. This reduction titer ChAd-CoV-2-S immunized animals was sufficient to eliminate both vaccinated naïve hamsters. Thus, an intranasal disrupts cycles can potentially limit spread virus.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Characterization of an EG.5.1 clinical isolatein vitroandin vivo DOI Creative Commons
Ryuta Uraki, Maki Kiso, Kiyoko Iwatsuki‐Horimoto

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Abstract EG.5.1 is a subvariant of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB variant that rapidly increasing in prevalence worldwide. has additional substitutions its spike protein (namely, Q52H and F456L) compared with XBB.1.5. However, pathogenicity, transmissibility, immune evasion properties clinical isolates are largely unknown. In this study, we used wild-type Syrian hamsters to investigate replicative ability, transmissibility isolate. Our data show there no obvious differences growth ability pathogenicity between XBB.1.5, both XBB.1.5 attenuated Delta We also found transmitted more efficiently addition, unlike detected virus lungs four six exposed hamsters, suggesting tropism different from after airborne transmission. Finally, assessed neutralizing plasma convalescent individuals activity against was slightly, but significantly, lower than or XBB.1.9.2. This suggests effectively evades humoral immunity amino acid S XBB.1.9.2 (i.e., Q52H, R158G, alter antigenicity EG.5.1. suggest increased altered may be driving over human population.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1