International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(8), С. 1553 - 1564
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2022
To explore changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors after treatment withdrawal the STEP 1 trial extension.STEP (NCT03548935) randomized 1961 adults with a mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 (or 27 weight-related co-morbidity) without diabetes to 68 weeks of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg (including 16 dose escalation) or placebo, as an adjunct lifestyle intervention. At week 68, treatments intervention) were discontinued. An off-treatment extension assessed for further year representative subset participants who had completed treatment. This comprised all eligible from any site Canada, Germany UK, sites United States Japan highest main phase recruitment. All analyses exploratory.Extension included 327 participants. From 0 mean loss was 17.3% (SD: 9.3%) 2.0% 6.1%) placebo. Following withdrawal, placebo regained 11.6 7.7) 1.9 4.8) percentage points lost weight, respectively, by 120, resulting net losses 5.6% 8.9%) 0.1% 5.8%), 120. Cardiometabolic improvements seen reverted towards baseline at 120 most variables.One intervention, two-thirds their prior loss, similar variables. Findings confirm chronicity obesity suggest ongoing is required maintain health.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
472
International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Abstract Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased risk of obesity-related complications and mortality. Our better understanding the weight regulation mechanisms role gut-brain axis on appetite has led to development safe effective entero-pancreatic hormone-based treatments for obesity such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RA). Semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly, subcutaneously administered GLP-1 RA approved treatment in 2021, results 15–17% mean loss (WL) evidence cardioprotection. Oral are also under early data shows similar WL efficacy semaglutide mg. Looking next generation treatments, combinations other hormones complementary actions and/or synergistic potential (such glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon, amylin) investigation enhance cardiometabolic benefits RA. Tirzepatide, dual GLP-1/GIP agonist been glycaemic control type 2 diabetes well management leading up 22.5% phase 3 trials. Other including cagrisema (GLP-1/amylin RA) triple retatrutide (GLP-1/GIP/glucagon have progressed trials suggests that may lead even greater than tirzepatide. Additionally, agents different action (e.g. bimagrumab) improve body composition during clinical We new era pharmacotherapy where approach achieved bariatric surgery. In this review, we present safety pipeline pharmacotherapies focus consider implications challenges bring.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
127
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2684 - 2684
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023
It is well established that decreases in plasma leptin levels, as with fasting, signal starvation and elicit appropriate physiological responses, such increasing the drive to eat decreasing energy expenditure. These responses are mediated largely by suppression of actions hypothalamus, most notably on arcuate nucleus (ArcN) orexigenic neuropeptide Y neurons anorexic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons. However, question addressed this review whether effects increased levels also significant long-term control balance, despite conventional wisdom contrary. We focus leptin’s (in both lean obese individuals) decrease food intake, increase sympathetic nerve activity, support hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis, particular attention sex differences. elaborate obesity-induced inflammation its role altered during obesity.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Obesity Surgery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Postgraduate Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 134(4), С. 359 - 375
Опубликована: Март 22, 2022
Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence. It affects quality of life and renders those affected at increased risk mortality. For people living obesity, weight loss one the most important strategies to improve health outcomes prevent or reverse obesity-related complications. In line newly released clinical practice guidelines, targets for obesity should be defined individually based on their profile, progress measured in context improvements outcomes, rather than alone. We outline current treatment options clinically meaningful briefly discuss pharmacological agents devices under development. Numerous studies have shown that ≥5% results significant cardiometabolic factors associated obesity; this degree also required approval novel anti-obesity medications by US Food Drug Administration. However, some comorbidities complications, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux remission type 2 diabetes, require greater magnitude achieve improvements. review, we assessed available literature describing effect categorical losses ≥5%, ≥10%, ≥15% challenge concept go beyond percentage change total body weight. weight-loss interventions including lifestyle therapeutic devices, surgical approaches from literature.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
56
Cardiovascular Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(18), С. 2825 - 2842
Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2022
Abstract Obesity is a chronic disease associated with serious complications and increased mortality. Weight loss (WL) through lifestyle changes results in modest WL long-term possibly due to compensatory biological adaptations (increased appetite reduced energy expenditure) promoting weight gain. Bariatric surgery was until recently the only intervention that consistently resulted ≥ 15% maintenance. Our better understanding of endocrine regulation has led development new medications over last decade for treatment obesity main target reduction appetite. The efficacy semaglutide 2.4 mg/week—the latest glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogue—on people suggests we are entering era pharmacotherapy where ≥15% feasible. Moreover, achieved dual agonist tirzepatide (GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) type 2 diabetes most also obesity, indicate combining GLP-1 other gut hormones may lead additional compared analogues alone future, multi-agonist molecules offer potential bridge further gap between bariatric currently available pharmacotherapies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
42
Journal of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 294(5), С. 582 - 604
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023
Eating behavior and food-related decision making are among the most complex of motivated behaviors, understanding neurobiology eating behavior, its developmental dynamics, is critical to advancing nutritional sciences public health. Recent advances from both human animal studies revealing that individual capacity make health-promoting food decisions varies based on biological physiological variation in signaling pathways regulate homeostatic, hedonic, executive functions; past exposures current life-stage; environment; complications chronic disease reinforce obese state. rate drives increased calorie intake represents an important opportunity lower rates consumption energy through product reformulation. Understanding behaviors nutrition context neuroscience can strengthen evidence base which dietary guidelines derived inform policies, practices, educational programs a way increases likelihood they adopted effective for reducing obesity other diet-related disease.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
29
Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023
The number of people suffering from overweight or obesity has been steadily increasing in recent years. As a new form diet, the efficacy time-restricted eating (TRE) remains debatable.This meta-analysis quantified effect TRE on weight change and other physical parameters obese adults.We did systematic review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions loss metabolic by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials to identify eligible published database inception up until 23 August 2022. risk bias was assessed using Revised risk-of-bias tool (ROB-2.0). Meta-analysis performed Review Manager 5.4.1 software.Nine RCTs with 665 individuals (345 group while 320 control group) were included. Results indicated that had greater decrease body (-1.28 kg; 95% CI [-2.05, -0.52], p = 0.001), fat mass (-0.72 [-1.40, -0.03], 0.04), index (-0.34 kg/m2; [-0.64, -0.04], 0.03) diastolic blood pressure (-2.26 mmHg [-4.02, -0.50], 0.01). However, demonstrated there no significant difference between lean mass, systolic pressure, waist circumference, fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density triglycerides. Besides, duration study daily window also an impact change.TRE associated reductions can be dietary intervention option for adults obesity. But high-quality longer follow-ups are needed draw definitive conclusions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
28
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(6), С. 1268 - 1280
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Abstract Background Tirzepatide was approved to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, but its efficacy safety in patients without has not been investigated. Aim This meta-analysis aimed evaluate the of tirzepatide compared placebo overweight or obese diabetes. Method PubMed, Embase Cochrane were searched on January 18, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used adults included. Efficacy outcomes included proportion participants achieving weight loss targets, changes body (%), mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP). Safety commonly reported adverse events. Standardized mean differences (SMD) odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous dichotomous outcomes, respectively. Results Three RCTs 3901 associated increased reduced (SMD − 1.61, CI 2.20 1.02), BMI 2.13, 3.08 1.18), WC 0.91, 1.14 0.69), BP versus placebo. However, risk events such as nausea (OR 4.26, 2.60 3.81), vomiting 8.35, 5.19 13.45), diarrhea 3.57, 2.80 4.57) significantly higher Conclusion improved metabolic markers among highlights need benefits risks assessment before initiation monitoring.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(9), С. 1378 - 1378
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Introduction: Nutritional management plays a crucial role in treating patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), working to prevent and control the progression of chronic non-communicable diseases. Objectives: To evaluate effects individualized nutritional interventions on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), LDL (LDL-C), HDL (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic (DBP), heart rate (HR)} over 12 months subsequently at follow-up (15 months). Methods: This longitudinal experimental study (without randomization blinding) enrolled 84 sedentary participants T2D (both sexes, aged 18–80 years). They were divided into group 40 who received only medical consultations, an intervention 44 same care along assessment. Consultations occurred quarterly from August 2020 November 2022 (first–twelfth month), six nine per session. Subsequently, was conducted December 2023, during which had (during 12th–15th Personalized dietary planning inspired by Mediterranean/DASH diets adapted Brazilian foods socioeconomic cultures. Statistical Analysis: Normal variables compared between groups for each time point also within across different points using two-way ANOVA (repeated measures intragroup) followed Šídák post hoc test. Non-normal Kruskal–Wallis Dunn test, Friedman Data Gaussian distribution presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), data non-Gaussian median interquartile range (IQR). For all cases, α < 0.05 p adopted. Results: In group, significant reductions observed first twelfth month parameters (p 0.05), (except TC), increase HDL-C = 0.0105). Conversely, there HbA1c, BMI, FBG, WHR 0.05) months. Regarding comparison groups, difference analyzed month. follow-up, differences except BMI > 0.05). Conclusion: The improved eating habits, anthropometric, biochemical, cardiovascular markers months, sustained results follow-up. plan Mediterranean DASH demonstrated good adaptation food culture patients’ contexts. Consistent monitoring personalized are essential optimizing long-term outcomes. However, more clinical trials necessary order optimize level evidence interventions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10