L-arginine: its role in human physiology, in some diseases and mainly in viral multiplication as a narrative literature review

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024

Abstract Background L-arginine (Arg) is an amino acid that contributes to several aspects of human biochemistry. Individuals with malnutrition and certain physical conditions could benefit from arginine intake. However, as Arg required by viruses, it advised avoid in one's diet supplementation during viral illnesses. New studies have emerged the COVID-19 pandemic, pioneering research has been reviewed. Main body abstract The purpose this review determine when why depletion, supplementation, or avoidance advisable, considering divergent results. A narrative was conducted surveying scientific publications indexed electronic databases. Studies published 1960 up 2024, no language restrictions, were included. comes proteins diet. kidney main site endogenous synthesis also responsible for overall metabolism acid, participating synthesis, degradation reabsorption. liver can synthesize Arg, but since completely recycled urea cycle, little plasma flux. present passively absorbed small intestine transformed into ornithine via cycle hepatocytes. It associated macrophage metabolism, vasomotor control, intracellular signaling, memory formation, immune response, important messenger bronchopulmonary, cardiovascular neural systems. Thus, excessive decreased concentration impair health condition. High concentrations stimulated rapid reactivation resumption protein some viruses. Conclusion According research, caution should be exercised supplementing depleting arginine. who are carriers latent such herpesviruses, and/or exposed other viruses studied, supplements consumption foods rich prophylaxis antiviral therapy, control intake well use lysine supplements, its antagonist, recommended short periods starting after a possible exposure, face stimuli remove their state at very beginning manifestation, order large multiplication consequently infection. Long-term depletion significantly affect cellular supplemental therapy needs case-by-case evaluation. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Possibility of Using NO Modulators for Pharmacocorrection of Endothelial Dysfunction After Prenatal Hypoxia

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1), С. 106 - 106

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is a key factor in the development of long-term cardiovascular disorders, which are caused by various mechanisms endothelial dysfunction (ED), including those associated with NO deficiency. This emphasizes potential therapeutic agents modulator properties, such as Thiotriazoline, Angiolin, Mildronate, and L-arginine, treatment PH. Methods: Pregnant female rats were given daily intraperitoneal dose 50 mg/kg sodium nitrite starting on 16th day pregnancy. A control group pregnant received saline instead. The resulting offspring divided into following groups: Group 1-intact rats; 2-rat pups subjected to prenatal treated physiological saline; Groups 3 6-rat exposed from 1st 30th after birth. Levels sEPCR, Tie2 tyrosine kinase, VEGF-B, SOD1/Cu-Zn SOD, GPX4, GPX1 heart's cytosolic homogenate assessed using ELISA. expression VEGF VEGF-B mRNA was analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction, nuclear area myocardial microvessel cells evaluated morphometrically. Results: We have shown that only two representatives this group-Angiolin Thiotriazoline-are able exert full effect indices PH decrease increase Tie-2, mRNA, Cu/ZnSOD, GPX cytosol, endotheliocyte nuclei 1- 2-month-old comparison control. Conclusions: Our results experimentally substantiate necessity early postnatal cardio- endothelioprotection modulators, taking account role NO-dependent pathogenesis system disorders neonates

Язык: Английский

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Transforming Growth Factor-β-mediated attenuation of cardio-renal oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis by L-arginine in fludrocortisone acetate induced-hypertensive rats

European Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 177559 - 177559

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of short-term ozone exposure and plasma biomarkers related to nitric oxide pathway and inflammation on myocardial ischemia

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 291, С. 117892 - 117892

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

No study has explored the possible interactive effects of short-term ozone (O3) exposure and plasma endothelial inflammatory biomarkers, including cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), nitric oxide metabolite (NOx), myeloperoxidase (MPO), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), on myocardial ischemia, indicated by ST-segment depression events (STDE) recorded in ambulatory electrocardiograms. A L-arginine (L-Arg) intervention with 118 participants was carried out using a standardized 24-h protocol, employing multivariable linear regression model to assess O3 generalized investigate 24-hour STDE. The biomarkers indicators ischemia were also investigated product interaction terms between ambient models. We whether L-Arg supplementation could alleviate adverse exposure. Data from 107 included final analysis. Short-term associated significantly decreased cGMP MPO levels, increased STDE risk, modifying O3-STDE associations. Participants lower levels or higher demonstrated vulnerability harmful inferior leads. attenuated hs-CRP. Plasma (cGMP MPO) are likely involved potential pathways connecting cardiac effects. Supplementation showed mitigate inverse inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Amino acid profile, peptide size distribution, antioxidant effect, and enzyme inhibitory activities of fava bean ( Vicia fava ) protein hydrolyzates

International Journal of Food Properties, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Metabolomic insights into amphetamine-type stimulant misuse: unraveling biochemical pathways and biomarkers

Journal of Addictive Diseases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 12

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), such as methamphetamine, amphetamine, and MDMA, are highly risky substances linked to neurochemical disruptions, metabolic disturbances, systemic toxicity. Despite substantial research on their neurotoxic effects, the pathways involved in ATS dependence remain poorly understood. This study aimed characterize signatures associated with using NMR-based metabolomics identify disruptions related chronic use. A cross-sectional was conducted involving 583 participants, comprising ATS-dependent individuals from Malaysian drug detention centers healthy controls. Plasma samples were analyzed 1H-NMR, CPMG, HSQC spectroscopy obtain comprehensive metabolomic profiles. Multivariate analyses, including PCA-X, OPLS-DA, logistic regression, employed metabolites that differentiated patients Metabolites cross-referenced BMRB HMDB databases for validation. showed significant alterations pathways, reductions cholic acid, L-valine, L-alanine, lactic creatinine, histidine, taurine, homovanillic acid (all p < .005), indicating energy metabolism, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, oxidative stress defenses. Elevated L-arginine levels (p .001) suggested nitrogen metabolism dysregulation. OPLS-DA analysis demonstrated robust group separation (R2Y = 0.762, Q2Y 0.756, AUROC 0.987), sensitivity, specificity, classification accuracy of 86.9%, 97.4%, 91.5%, respectively. presents first profile misuse Malaysia, identifying critical Key biomarkers, highlight potential targets biomarker development precision medicine strategies improve diagnosis, treatment, understanding use disorder.

Язык: Английский

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Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Antioxidant and Anti-Colorectal Cancer Proteins from Spirulina Biomass: Process Intensification, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 365 - 365

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Spirulina, a cyanobacterial biomass, is renowned for its high protein content and bioactive compounds, making it promising candidate health-promoting applications. This study explores the ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction technique isolating antioxidants anticancer proteins from Spirulina aiming to enhance efficiency preserve bioactivity. The process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), varying parameters such as biomass concentration, sonication amplitude, duration. conditions—5% 40% 22-minute extraction—achieved yield of 80.62%, with concentration 442.88 mg/g extract an essential amino acid 39.91%. extracted exhibited remarkable bioactivity, including strong antioxidant properties, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity 0.25 mg GAE/g, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) 0.58 TE/g, ferric reducing power (PFRAP) 9.63 gallic equivalent (GAE)/g. Additionally, displayed selective cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cell lines, half-maximal inhibitory (IC50) values 10.25 mg/mL Caco-2 15.40 HT-29 cells, while maintaining low toxicity towards normal Vero cells. Apoptosis rates 70.43% in 51.33% cells further confirm potential extract. functional properties protein, foaming capacity (100%), emulsifying (94.05%), digestibility (85.77%), underscore diverse applications food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical industries. eco-friendly efficient approach aligns sustainable development goals offers viable strategy harnessing Spirulina’s potential.

Язык: Английский

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Protective role of Cocos nucifera L. water on BPA-mediated oxidative stress and reproductive damage in male rats

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 13

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Bisphenol A (BPA) may impair male fertility by inducing oxidative stress in the testis, though its effects on spermatogenesis and sperm quality remain unclear. Conversely, Cocos nucifera L. (coconut) water, rich antioxidants, effectively inhibits stress. The aim of study is to evaluate protective effect water against BPA-mediated rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (C) received distilled (0.5 mL/day), vehicle (V) corn oil (B) (50 mg/kg/day), (CW) (10 mL/kg/day) plus bisphenol (CW+B) groups. testes epididymis harvested day 31 for analysis, histological examination, immunofluorescence assay, motility. BPA administration reduced glutathione levels, increased malondialdehyde caused histopathological changes testis. Additionally, grayscale intensity actin tubulin immunofluorescence, along with motility, significantly decreased B group (p < 0.001). However, these parameters notably improved coconut CW+B Conclusively, this suggests that enhances antioxidant defences supports reproductive health rats, potentially preventing BPA-induced damage.

Язык: Английский

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L-Arginine: A multifaceted regulator of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 151720 - 151720

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Advancing the Biochemical Understanding of Maple Syrup Urine Disease and the Impact of Liver Transplantation: A Pilot Study

Journal of Proteome Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder causing impaired branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism and systemic dysregulation. MSUD has an incidence of approximately 1 in 185,000 U.S. births, with much higher prevalence the Mennonite communities (up to 400 live births due c.1312T > A p.Tyr438Asn BCKDHA founder mutation). Using multiomic approach integrating metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics, we analyzed blood samples from three patients on BCAA-restricted diet (MSUDDR), two who received liver transplants (MSUDLT), six healthy controls. Gene ontology analysis integrated omics data confirmed imbalances MSUD, highlighting increases glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, purine metabolism. Lipidomic revealed disruptions sphingolipids lysophosphatidylcholines, affecting signaling membrane integrity. Liver transplantation corrected some abnormalities, but key metabolites proteins remained altered. Proteomic significant alterations redox homeostasis, energy metabolism, cytoskeletal organization partial recovery post-transplantation. Post-translational modifications indicated ongoing stress immune activation MSUDLT group. Elevated levels l-isoleucine, l-valine, their ketoacids persisted post-transplant, correlating lipid remodeling, protein folding. These findings provide insights into MSUD-associated dysfunction highlight potential therapeutic targets.

Язык: Английский

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