A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles: From Classification to Application and Toxicity

Molecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(15), С. 3482 - 3482

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024

Nanoparticles are structures that possess unique properties with high surface area-to-volume ratio. Their small size, up to 100 nm, and potential for modifications have enabled their use in a wide range of applications. Various factors influence the applications NPs, including synthesis method physical attributes such as size shape. Additionally, materials used NPs primary determinants application. Based on chosen material, generally classified into three categories: organic, inorganic, carbon-based. These categories include variety materials, proteins, polymers, metal ions, lipids derivatives, magnetic minerals, so on. Each material possesses activity application NPs. Consequently, certain typically particular areas because they higher efficiency along tenable toxicity. Therefore, classification base NP hold significant importance both research In this paper, we discuss these classifications, exemplify most major categorize them according preferred area This review provides an overall application,

Язык: Английский

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Liposome–Hydrogel Composites for Controlled Drug Delivery Applications

Gels, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(4), С. 284 - 284

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Various controlled delivery systems (CDSs) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional drug formulations (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.). Among innovative CDSs, hydrogels and liposomes shown great promise for clinical applications thanks their cost-effectiveness, well-known chemistry synthetic feasibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility responsiveness external stimuli. To date, several liposomal- hydrogel-based products approved treat cancer, as well fungal viral infections, hence integration into has attracted increasing attention because benefit from both them a single platform, resulting in multifunctional formulation, which is essential develop efficient CDSs. This short review aims present an updated report on advancements liposome-hydrogel purposes.

Язык: Английский

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The role of graphene quantum dots in cutting‐edge medical therapies

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(9)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Abstract Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), owing to their unique optical, electrical, and chemical properties, have emerged as promising nanomaterials for various biomedical applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in utilization GQDs tissue engineering, wound healing, drug delivery systems, other therapies. The inherent properties GQDs, including high biocompatibility, tunable photoluminescence, significant surface area, make them ideal candidates enhancing medical treatments diagnostics. In improve mechanical biological performance scaffolds, promoting cell proliferation differentiation. For enhance antimicrobial activity facilitate faster regeneration. Their potential DDS is highlighted by ability deliver therapeutic agents efficiently, ensuring targeted controlled release. Additionally, play crucial role therapies, particularly cancer treatment, efficacy reducing side effects. While offer diagnostics, challenges such understanding long‐term cytotoxicity at higher concentrations, need standardized synthesis methods remain critical areas further research. also discusses future directions opportunities emphasizing transformative advancing modern healthcare solutions. insights presented here contribute expanding field GQD research, highlighting significantly patient outcomes drive innovations.

Язык: Английский

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Pharmaceutical chitosan hydrogels: A review on its design and applications

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 135775 - 135775

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Progress in Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery Research—Focus on Nanoformulations

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(6), С. 817 - 817

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2024

Skin is the largest organ and a multifunctional interface between body its environment. It acts as barrier against cold, heat, injuries, infections, chemicals, radiations or other exogeneous factors, it also known mirror of soul. The skin involved in temperature regulation by storage fat water. an interesting tissue regard to local transdermal application active ingredients for prevention treatment pathological conditions. Topical delivery emerging route drug cosmetic administration. beneficial avoiding side effects rapid metabolism. Many pharmaceutical, technological innovations have been described patented recently field. In this review, main features morphology physiology are presented being followed description classical novel nanoparticulate dermal formulations. biophysical aspects penetration drugs cosmetics into across their investigation diffusion chambers, skin-on-a-chip devices, high-throughput measuring systems with advanced analytical techniques shown. current knowledge about mathematical modeling future perspectives briefly discussed end, all involving nanoparticulated systems.

Язык: Английский

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A new era of psoriasis treatment: Drug repurposing through the lens of nanotechnology and machine learning

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 125385 - 125385

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Liposomes and Niosomes: New trends and applications in the delivery of bioactive agents for cancer therapy

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 124994 - 124994

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Carrier-synthesis, Functionalization and Application

Current Pharmaceutical Design, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(4), С. 244 - 260

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

In recent years, advancements in chemistry have allowed the tailoring of materials at nanoscopic level as needed. There are mainly four main types nanomaterials used drug carriers:metal-based nanomaterials, organic inorganic and polymer nanomaterials. The a carrier showed advantages for decreased side effects with higher therapeutic index. stability compounds increased by encapsulation within nano-drug carriers, leading to systemic toxicity. Nano-drug carriers also controlled release system-made solubility characteristics nanoparticles surface coating surfactants. review focuses on different nanoparticle synthesis process, techniques purposes, applications prospects biomedical applications.

Язык: Английский

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A hydrogel based on Bletilla striata polysaccharide and hyaluronic acid topically administers tetramethylpyrazine for diabetic wound therapy

European Polymer Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 215, С. 113209 - 113209

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Challenges and considerations in liposomal hydrogels for the treatment of infection

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Liposomal hydrogels are novel drug delivery systems that comprise preformed liposomes incorporated in destined for mostly localized therapy, herewith antimicrobial therapy. The formulation benefits from versatility of as lipid-based nanocarriers enable various antimicrobials different lipophilicities, and secondary vehicle, hydrogel, assures better retention time at the infection site. Especially an era alarming resistance, efficient therapy avoids systemic exposure related side effects is crucial. We provide overview liposomal were developed superior infections sites, with focus on skin vaginal infections. review summarizes challenges site most common infection-causing pathogens offers commentary relevant features needs to optimize increase outcome. discuss impact composition, size, choice polymer-forming hydrogel outcome based literature own experience field. offer improved By fine-tuning well properties, formulations performance can be optimized targeting specific

Язык: Английский

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