Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024
Petroleum
fuels
are
commonly
used
for
automobiles.
However,
the
continuous
depletion
and
exhaust
gas
emission
causes
serious
problems.
So,
there
is
a
need
an
alternative
eco-friendly
fuel.
Biodiesel
type
of
fuel
manufactured
through
process
called
transesterification,
which
involves
converting
vegetable
oils
into
usable
form.
The
parameters
transesterification
were
optimized
using
Taguchi
method
to
achieve
maximum
biodiesel
yield.
main
problem
its
high
cost
could
be
reduced
by
low-cost
feedstock.
To
address
this
challenge,
(BCFAD)
derived
from
coconut
fatty
acid
distillate
(CFAD),
by-product
obtained
refining
oil.
This
work
uses
BCFAD
with
Alumina
nanoparticles
as
fuels.
in
mass
fraction
25
ppm,
50
100
ppm
dispersed
BCFAD.
investigation
results
reveal
increase
6.5%
brake
thermal
efficiency
when
compared
There
reduction
29.29%
hydrocarbon
34%
Carbon
monoxide
emissions
BCFAD100
comparison
diesel.
marginal
NOx
nanoparticles.
heat
release
rate
cylinder
pressure
comparable
diesel
It
was
concluded
that
utilization
nanoparticle
dispersion
suitable
direct
use
engines.
Alexandria Engineering Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
76, С. 505 - 516
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023
Over
the
past
few
decades,
there
has
been
a
significant
increase
in
population
and
unsustainable
urbanization,
resulting
exploitation
of
water
energy
resources
on
large
scale.
This
led
to
rise
demand
for
freshwater,
which,
turn,
caused
pollution
due
improper
disposal
wastewater
from
various
sources
such
as
industries,
agriculture,
households.
The
industries
often
contains
toxic
heavy
metals
harmful
emerging
contaminants
(ECs),
which
can
harm
living
beings
cannot
biodegrade.
Hence,
it
is
severe
issue
that
needs
be
addressed.
To
combat
this
problem,
treatments
are
necessary
two
main
reasons:
firstly,
recycle
reuse
meet
future
human
reduce
scarcity,
secondly,
ensure
compliance
with
discharge
standards
environmental
sustainability
while
minimizing
groundwater
soil
contamination.
In
review,
several
treatment
technologies
comprising
physical,
chemical,
biological
methods
have
discussed
critically.
state-of-the-art
discussion
different
existing
techniques
their
limitations
deliberated.
Finally,
contemporary
trends
highlighted.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
31(9), С. 12722 - 12747
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024
Abstract
Biodiesel,
a
renewable
and
sustainable
alternative
to
fossil
fuels,
has
garnered
significant
attention
as
potential
solution
the
growing
energy
crisis
environmental
concerns.
The
review
commences
with
thorough
examination
of
feedstock
selection
preparation,
emphasizing
critical
role
quality
in
ensuring
optimal
biodiesel
production
efficiency
quality.
Next,
it
delves
into
advancements
applications,
highlighting
its
versatility
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
dependence
on
fuels.
heart
focuses
transesterification,
key
process
production.
It
provides
an
in-depth
analysis
various
catalysts,
including
homogeneous,
heterogeneous,
enzyme-based,
nanomaterial
exploring
their
distinct
characteristics
behavior
during
transesterification.
also
sheds
light
transesterification
reaction
mechanism
kinetics,
importance
kinetic
modeling
optimization.
Recent
developments
production,
selection,
optimization,
sustainability,
are
discussed,
along
challenges
related
engine
performance,
emissions,
compatibility
that
hinder
wider
adoption.
concludes
by
need
for
ongoing
research,
development,
collaboration
among
academia,
industry,
policymakers
address
pursue
further
research
outlines
specific
recommendations
future
paving
way
widespread
adoption
source
fostering
cleaner
more
future.
Green Energy and Resources,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
1(3), С. 100032 - 100032
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
It
is
no
longer
unfamiliar
to
the
world
that
usage
of
fossil-derived
fuel
accompanied
by
several
downsides,
including
environmental
fatality
associated
with
toxic
gas
emissions
from
diesel
engines
and
recurring
surging
price
fuel.
The
concern
regarding
exploitation
natural
resources
subsequent
threats
has
caught
attention
all
nations.
Therefore,
scientists
have
stepped
forward
come
up
most
suitable
alternative
conventional
They
utilized
abundance
oil
feedstocks
performed
transesterification
reactions
short-chain
alcohols
produce
less
toxic,
eco-friendly
termed
Biodiesel
which
was
considered
be
a
viable
substitute.
In
order
carry
out
reaction
feasibly,
certain
homogeneous
heterogeneous
catalysts
were
employed.
Heterogeneous
got
more
recognition
among
researchers;
however,
many
these
did
not
attain
large-scale
production.
Among
catalysts,
calcium
oxide
(CaO)
appeared
one
solid
base
for
biodiesel
synthesis.
CaO
can
derived
chemically
as
well
sources
such
chicken
eggshells,
snail
shells,
biont
shells
more.
exhibits
high
catalytic
activity
perform
reactions.
Additionally,
cheap
catalyst
also
used
support
material
various
systems.
Constructing
effective
CaO-based
industrial
production
unlocks
scope
process
advancements
in
this
area.
This
paper
aims
review
performances
recently
reported
solid-base
systems
biodiesel.
Moreover,
preparation
conditions,
parameters,
properties
obtained,
advantages
disadvantages,
life
cycle
assessment,
circular
economy
discussed.
