View, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Abstract Fusobacterium nucleatum is a heterogeneous bacterium that includes four subspecies. It not only an opportunistic pathogen of periodontitis but also can be frequently detected at the lesion sites various systemic diseases. Extensive research has underscored significant involvement F. in onset, progression, and therapeutic responses numerous oral systematic Given its convenient isolation from lesions, feasibility to cultivate vitro, diverse pathogenic pathways, emerged as “model species” for elucidating effects pathogens on human health. Here, we begin by introducing taxonomic characteristics . Next, explore ’s ability adhere invade host cells, which serves critical prerequisite pathogenicity. Subsequently, analyze pathways through achieves ectopic colonization, revealing how it establishes infections non‐oral such intestine reproductive tract. Furthermore, elaborate mechanisms, particularly cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, cancer, focusing modulates immune virulence factors signaling pathways. Finally, summarize advances understanding regulatory mechanisms underlying pathogenesis. We aim provide theoretical foundation developing clinical interventions targeting offer insights directions future investigations into pathogenesis

Язык: Английский