Lowering light intensity while extending photoperiod at a constant daily light integral synergistically interacts with warm temperature to enhance leaf expansion and crop yield in lettuce in the absence of far-red light

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Introduction Low light intensity and far-red (FR) act as shade signals to induce specific morphological changes mediated by plant photoreceptors phytochromes (PHYs). Applying FR or lowering over a longer photoperiod at constant daily integral (DLI) can increase crop yield enhancing leaf expansion photon capture. However, PHY activity is also dependent on temperature. We aimed investigate the interactive effects of light, intensity, photoperiod, temperature growth morphology. Methods Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) ‘Rex’ was grown under three temperatures (20, 24, 28 °C), each containing six treatments [two levels (0 20% in total flux density from 400-800 nm) x intensities (150, 200, 300 μmol m -2 s -1 )]. As increased, reduced with photoperiods 24 h, 18 12 respectively) maintain DLI 13 mol d . Results Under 0% combination lower intensity/longer warmer synergistically enhanced capture; however, this effect disappeared light. Stem elongation exhibited an opposite response pattern expansion; warm had synergistic enhancement stem but not Shoot dry weight responded factors similarly area. Our results showed that biomass accumulation depended primarily capture (r 2 = 0.93), rather than single-leaf photosynthetic efficiency. Antioxidant capacity generally reduction could be compensated temperatures. Discussion Thus, we concluded applying combined temperature, effectively maximize while maintaining nutritional quality absence strong composed low lettuce prioritizes expense expansion, leading yield.

Язык: Английский

Plant Morphology and a Phytochrome B Model Reveal That the Effects of Far‐Red Light on Shade‐Avoidance‐Like Responses Persist Under High Light Intensity

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Several studies have concluded that high photon flux density (PFD) attenuates the effects of red (R; 600–699 nm) to far‐red (FR; 700–750 light ratio on morphology. However, suppressive can depend individual wavebands modulate photoreceptor activity. We postulated morphological responses shade‐avoiding plants FR fraction (FR‐PFD divided by R + PFD) act independent total PFD (TPFD; 400–750 when TPFD increases are only from and light. grew kale lettuce under three fractions four TPFDs while maintaining a constant blue (B; 400–499 PFD. An increase in reduced leaf elongation specific area (SLA). higher did not suppress FR‐fraction SLA. estimated PHYB activity with three‐state model mechanistically explain SLA but FR‐mediated increase. predictions were accordance lettuce. This study is first apply photon‐spectrum‐induced morphology light‐grown whole plants, demonstrating its potential use crops for applications.

Язык: Английский