Chlorinated
paraffins
(CPs)
are
chlorinated
alkane
mixtures
widely
used
as
flame
retardants
and
plasticizer
in
multiple
industrial
products.
Systematic
research
on
how
homolog
specific
properties
affect
their
atmospheric
behaviors
was
limited.
Here,
we
investigated
the
levels
of
short
(SCCPs)
medium
chain
CPs
(MCCPs)
seasonal,
size-fractioned,
years-covered
particles.
The
average
SCCP
MCCP
concentrations
3.36
4.89
ng/m3,
a
general
increase
observed
from
2018
to
2023.
Higher
particles
winter
high
temperature
summer
led
significant
season
variations
concentration
pattern,
especially
for
highly
C10-13Cl5
summer.
SCCPs
MCCPs
both
concentrated
fine
with
diameters
<1
μm,
interestingly,
CP
isomer
low
vapor
pressure
octanol-air
partition
coefficients
had
larger
geometric
mean
diameter
(GMD),
once
inhaled,
they
deposited
into
respiratory
system
deposition
efficiency.
On
average,
53.1%,
8.5%,
38.4%
SCCPs,
60.6%,
7.6%
31.8%
head
airway
(HA),
tracheobronchial
region
(TR),
alveolar
(AR),
caused
total
EDI
0.14
0.22
ng/kg
bw/day.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
185, С. 108527 - 108527
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024
Chlorinated
paraffins
(CPs),
mainly
short-chain
CPs
(SCCPs)
and
medium-chain
(MCCPs),
are
currently
the
most
produced
used
industrial
chemicals
related
to
persistent
organic
pollutants
(POPs)
globally.
These
widely
detected
in
environment
human
body.
As
release
of
SCCPs
MCCPs
from
products
represents
only
a
small
fraction
their
stock
products,
potential
long-term
large
variety
at
waste
stage
has
become
an
issue
great
concern.
The
results
this
study
showed
that,
by
2050,
between
2000
2021
will
cumulatively
generate
226.49
Mt
CP-containing
wastes,
comprising
8610.13
kt
MCCPs.
Approximately
79.72
wastes
is
predicted
be
generated
abroad
through
international
trade
using
magnitude,
distribution,
growth
subject
environmentally
sound
disposal
depend
largely
on
relevant
provisions
Stockholm
Basel
Conventions
forthcoming
global
plastic
treaty.
According
multiple
scenarios
synthesizing
three
conventions,
26.6–101.1
as
POP
which
would
pose
challenge
capacity
China,
well
for
countries
importing
products.
additional
5-year
exemption
period
expected
see
10
disposal.
Thus,
there
urgent
need
strengthen
ACS ES&T Water,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(5), С. 2101 - 2113
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
The
bioaccumulation
and
trophic
transfer
of
chlorinated
paraffins
(CPs)
in
deep-sea
environments
are
vital,
but
no
information
is
currently
available.
In
the
present
study,
CPs
were
analyzed
seawater,
sediments,
benthic
biotas
from
Haima
cold
seeps,
South
China
Sea.
Total
CP
concentrations
biota
ranged
264.7
to
12874.4
ng/g
lipid
weight,
their
average
concentrations,
ranked
highest
lowest,
as
follows:
sea
cucumber
≈
slim
tubeworm
>
crab
brittle
star
snail
shrimp
mussel
clam
giant
tubeworm.
Benthic
displayed
high
accumulation
abilities
for
SCCPs,
MCCPs,
LCCPs,
exhibiting
at
least
medium-level
pollution
seeps.
Seawater
was
considered
be
primary
source
biotas.
Higher
potentials
occurred
nonchemosymbiotic
than
chemosymbiotic
Biomagnification
SCCPs
MCCPs
biodilution
LCCPs
observed
between
snails
mussels.
No
patterns
found
whole
This
first
report
environment.
results
will
provide
insights
into
further
studying
biological
trophodynamics
ecological
risks
environments.
