Journal of Water and Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(10), С. 1972 - 1987
Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2024
ABSTRACT
Persistent
exposure
to
arsenic,
chromium,
cadmium,
lead,
and
selenium
in
drinking
water
above
permissible
levels
poses
significant
health
risks,
including
increased
incidences
of
skin,
lung,
bladder,
kidney
cancers.
This
study
evaluated
34
samples
from
Rupnagar
district,
Punjab,
for
heavy
metal
content.
Health
risks
were
assessed
using
hazard
quotient
(HQ)
chronic
daily
intake
metrics.
Aluminium
concentrations
highest
Block
Nurpur
Bedi
(36.43
mg/L).
Arsenic
Ropar
Anandpur
Sahib
0.09
0.068
mg/L,
respectively.
Cadmium
was
(0.041
Morinda
had
the
concentration
(0.0038
Lead
detected
across
all
blocks,
peaking
Chamkaur
(2.176
The
HQ
exceeded
unity
nearly
areas,
indicating
aluminium,
lead.
index
(2.66)
adults.
Incremental
Life
Cancer
Risk
(ILCR)
values
indicated
a
high
cancer
risk
lead
blocks.
One-way
analysis
variance
revealed
differences
among
Fe,
As,
Al
(p
<
0.05).
findings
underscore
need
targeted
treatment
technologies
policies
mitigate
contamination
its
impacts
Punjab.
Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
6, С. 33 - 41
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Research
work
on
surface
water
bodies
in
Morocco
has
been
majority
restricted
to
physicochemical
and
biological
concentration.
Hence,
this
study
was
conducted
address
the
existing
research
gap
by
evaluating
heavy
metal
contamination
its
associated
risk
assessment
bodies,
Mohammedia
prefecture,
Morocco.
A
total
of
22
samples
were
evaluated
regarding
factors
metals.
The
parameters
analyzed
are
pH,
temperature
(T),
electrical
conductivity
(EC),
dissolved
solids
(TDS),
calcium
(Ca2+),
Sodium
(Na+),
Potassium
(K+),
Ammonia
(NH+),
oxygen
(DO),
Sulphate
(SO42−),
nitrite
(NO2−),
nitrate
(NO3−),
phosphate
(PO43−),
(TP),
kjeldahl
nitrogen
(TKN),
cadmium
(Cd),
copper
(Cu),
Iron
(Fe),
lead
(Pb),
zinc
(Zn).
Overall
quality
(Ow)
status
presented
pollution
quantitatively.
Carcinogenic
noncarcinogenic
risks
estimated
for
health
assessment.
Ca2+
most
abundant
cation,
SO43−
anion.
Heavy
concentrations
within
permissible
limits.
Ow
good
terms
being
suitable
parameters,
i.e.,
<1
except
NH+.
Which
indicated
category
"highly
polluted"
>2.5.
Pollution
index
(PI)
high
(14–74)
at
S3,
S4,
S5,
S6
sample
points.
In
addition,
Pb
a
significant
contributor
deteriorating
quality,
with
individual
contributions
ranging
from
1
12
sites
S1,
S2,
S3.
For
hazards,
adverse
effects,
Hazard
Quotient
(HQ)
(0.0002–0.01)
points,
Index
(HI)
(0.007–0.01)
had
similar
trend.
They
inferring
no
non-carcinogenic
impact
consumers.
(CR)
found
be
acceptable
limits
CD,
Cu,
Pb,
Zn,
10−4
10−6.
At
points
carcinogenic
(CI)
above
limit,
values
×
10−3
7.9
attributed
Fe.
Therefore,
according
findings
research,
is
not
direct
consumption
current
state.
Hence
recommends
treatment
prior
consumption.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 38
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
Water
contaminated
with
chromium
(Cr)
poses
significant
risks
to
public
health
and
the
environment,
necessitating
reliable
detection
techniques.
This
review
study
uniquely
provides
a
comprehensive
analysis
of
optical
methods
for
detecting
Cr
pollution
in
water,
focusing
on
both
reagent-based
reagentless
approaches,
as
well
various
sensing
platforms.
Unlike
existing
reviews
that
primarily
focus
electrochemical
colorimetric/fluorimetric
methods,
this
work
highlights
untapped
potential
technologies,
such
colorimetry,
SPR,
UV-Vis
spectroscopy,
more,
distinct
species,
including
reagent
based
approaches.
The
findings
demonstrate
high
sensitivity
specificity
methods.
Reagent-based
approaches
offer
exceptional
but
involve
complex
preparation
secondary
contamination.
In
contrast,
while
requiring
sophisticated
calibration,
are
more
environmentally
friendly
simpler
implement.
Future
directions
emphasize
development
portable,
cost-effective
devices,
improved
species
differentiation,
integration
real-time
data
processing
remote
enhanced
field
monitoring.
informs
researchers
policymakers
about
latest
advancements
techniques
their
enhance
water
quality
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(8), С. e18415 - e18415
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023
The
Adaptive
Neuro-Fuzzy
Inference
System
(ANFIS)
combines
the
strengths
of
both
Artificial
Neural
Networks
(ANNs)
and
Fuzzy
Logic
(FL)
into
a
single
framework.
By
doing
so,
it
allows
for
quicker
learning
adaptable
interpretation
capabilities,
which
are
useful
modeling
complex
patterns
identifying
nonlinear
relationships.
One
significant
challenge
in
assessing
water
quality
is
difficulty
time-consuming
nature
determining
various
factors
that
impact
it.
Given
this
situation,
predicting
heavy
metal
levels
groundwater
resources,
urban
rural,
essential.
This
paper
investigates
two
methods,
ANFIS-FCM
ANFIS-SUB,
to
determine
their
effectiveness
Cadmium
(Cd)
resources.
The
parameters
be
considered
are:
dissolved
solids
(TDS),
electroconductivity
(EC),
turbidity
(TU),
pH
were
assumed
independent
variables.
A
total
51
sampling
location
used
with
resource
develop
fuzzy
models.
For
evaluating
performance
ANFIS-SUB
models,
three
different
criteria
including
correlation
coefficient,
root
mean
square
error,
sum
error
comparing
model
outputs
actual
outputs.
Based
on
obtained
results
from
scatter
plots
predicted
value
by
ANFIS-
FCM
determination
coefficient
(R2)
data,
test
train
sets
equal
0.978,
0.982,
0.993
0.983,
0.999
0.998
respectively.
result
proved
Cd
predictions
implemented
was
significantly
close
measured
all
experimental
data
R2
0.983.
compared
found
provided
slightly
higher
accuracy
than
model.
Also,
comparison
between
indicated
have
strong
potential
estimating
metals
high
degree
accuracy.
