Journal of Building Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96, С. 110419 - 110419
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024
Язык: Английский
Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48, С. 102401 - 102401
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024
The low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs) has limited their widespread use in practical applications. In the present study, different fin structures, namely, rectangular, perforated, and pin were examined to analyze performance melting process rectangular latent heat storage tanks. Experiments performed at both horizontal vertical orientations evaluate effectiveness configurations. Visual observation evolution time intervals was enabled through a transparent plexiglass shell. Instantaneous transfer rate energy measured using thermocouple readings photographs. results show that maximum coefficient between heated wall PCM is obtained by pin-finned tank followed perforated rectangular-finned This behavior justified intensification upward convection flows voids provided fins or fins. Although structure lowest convective coefficient, its slightly higher than other structures due larger area. At temperature 70℃, configuration are respectively 25% 4% less those fin. It reveals provides most effective area compared counterparts which have significantly volume. addition, it found regardless configuration, formation more vortical flow within molten PCM. unfinned finned tanks implying orientation should be well-chosen minimize along with adding various
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
17
Journal of Energy Storage, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 52, С. 105001 - 105001
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022
Large-scale water pit thermal energy storage (PTES) promotes solar district heating (SDH) system as one of the most potential renewable applications for carbon neutrality. PTES needs vast investment and operates in a complicated with numerous components, highlighting need suitable simulation tool tech-economic feasibility investigations. This paper experimentally theoretically investigated long-term performance 60,000 m3 Dronninglund, Denmark. Five years measurements were analyzed to investigate development temperatures, heat flows, stratification storage. A modified 2D model was proposed calculate large-scale based on XST TRNSYS. The results showed that developed predicts well temperatures flows. For one-year validation, deviations annual charged/discharged energy, internal content, loss between 2.0%/1.8%, 2.8% 1.3%, respectively. Dronninglund 90.1% efficiency five-year investigation due its high utilization cycle 2.16. Even without any insulation sidewall bottom PTES, average from two parts only accounted 32.3% total loss. Meanwhile, soil region needed four stabilize. Approx. 24.4% summer is regained by winter, when there low temperature findings serve good reference designers practitioners
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
40
Energy Conversion and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 314, С. 118709 - 118709
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Energy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 306, С. 132181 - 132181
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024
The expected extensive production of hydrogen through water electrolysis will generate a substantial quantity industrial waste heat. Waste heat recovery from electrolyzer facilities would provide significant potential for renewable generation into district heating (DH) networks. This paper investigates the techno-economic recovering an off-grid alkaline (AWE) plant and using in DH network under Nordic conditions. A system that includes pumps, pit thermal energy storage (PTES) electric boiler is modeled component capacities are cost-optimized four different scenarios with varying demand coverage rates. AWE based on measurements conducted southeastern Finland. It was found even 100 % rate, levelized cost (LCOH) be 44 €/MWh. Heat pumps constitute largest single while share PTES LCOH varies between 11 19 %. results were compared estimated capacity Finland, leading to conclusion by 2040, there could fulfill entire country.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9
Energy Conversion and Management X, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22, С. 100564 - 100564
Опубликована: Март 12, 2024
The majority of district heating networks (DHNs) in Germany and other European countries are still supplied by fossil fuels. While several possible technical solutions exist to decarbonize DHNs, the problem is availability solar energy – thermal electric or renewable sources during winter. A solution shift available from summer winter using seasonal storage systems. Especially pit systems (PTES) have shown an economic advantage compared types. Therefore, we would like further investigate design PTES under different techno-economic conditions. In this study, charging options for were examined. Solar was photovoltaic (PV), supplying air-source heat pump (ASHP). We developed open-source Python package based on mixed-integer linear programming, minimizing total system cost, i.e., annuity, including opex capex. tool selects, operates, designs converters storages. Furthermore, it optimizes network's capacity operation. optimization takes characteristics existing DHN as input supply across locations (LOCs). model separates hydraulic calculation builds up a multi-stage process consider temperatures inside network PTES. applied Eastern Germany. results show low sensitivity electricity price all concepts. Operating at negatively affects capacity, therefore, best suited high-temperature networks. concept PV with ASHP better densely populated regions. However, both concepts cost above 20 ct/kWh area over 120 €/m2. For ca. 19 ct/kWh, below 17
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Energy Conversion and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 304, С. 118203 - 118203
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024
Increasingly high renewable penetration in electrified energy systems causes increasing levels of curtailment that must eventually be mitigated. System flexibility, storage and demand-side response the form flexible heating cooling demands are efficient solutions for mitigation, however challenges remain such as economic benefits financial impacts mitigation on consumers, among others. In this paper curtailed wind energy, incentivised with discount payments, through networks thermal is investigated a genetic optimisation algorithm, results analysed terms overall costs, technical feasibility level use from perspective network operator consumer. It found large-scale lowers cost increases integration, allows district to run almost entirely otherwise (up 97.0 % example considered here). However without adequate market mechanisms, financially beneficial all stakeholders only at low levels; split approach, incentives or mechanisms necessary higher of, more efficient, mitigation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Energy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 300, С. 131316 - 131316
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Journal of Energy Storage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71, С. 108157 - 108157
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 270, С. 126884 - 126884
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Applied Thermal Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 252, С. 123672 - 123672
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4