Energy & environment materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Direct
recycling
methods
offer
a
non‐destructive
way
to
regenerate
degraded
cathode
material.
The
materials
be
recycled
in
the
industry
typically
constitute
mixture
of
various
extracted
from
wide
variety
retired
lithium‐ion
batteries.
Bridging
gap,
direct
method
using
low‐temperature
sintering
process
is
reported.
LMO
(LiMn
2
O
4
)
and
NMC
(LiNiCoMnO
LIBs
was
successfully
regenerated
by
proposed
with
low
temperature
300°C
for
h.
Advanced
characterization
tools
were
utilized
validate
full
recovery
crystal
structure
mixture.
After
regeneration,
LMO/NMC
shows
an
initial
capacity
144.0
mAh
g
−1
retention
95.1%
at
0.5
C
250
cycles.
also
83
C,
which
slightly
higher
compared
pristine
As
result
process,
electrochemical
performance
recovered
same
level
as
Life‐cycle
assessment
results
emphasized
90.4%
reduction
energy
consumption
51%
PM2.5
emissions
battery
packs
Abstract
Ni‐rich
cathodes
are
more
promising
candidates
to
the
increasing
demand
for
high
capacity
and
ability
operate
at
voltages.
However,
Ni
content
creates
a
trade‐off
between
energy
density
cycling
stability,
mainly
caused
by
chemo‐mechanical
degradation.
Oxygen
evolution,
cation
mixing,
rock
salt
formation,
phase
transition,
crack
formation
contribute
degradation
process.
To
overcome
this
problem,
strategies
such
as
doping,
surface
coating,
core‐shell
structures
have
been
employed.
The
advantage
of
doping
is
engineer
cathode
surface,
structure,
particle
morphology
simultaneously.
This
review
aims
summarize
recent
advances
in
understanding
mechanism
role
different
dopants
enhancing
thermal
stability
overall
electrochemical
performance.
pinning
pillaring
effects
on
suppressing
oxygen
transition
introduced.
It
found
that
higher
ionic
radii
enable
reside
particles,
preserving
refining
suppress
formation.
Finally,
effect
Li
ion
diffusion,
rate
capability,
long‐term
discussed.
