Abstract
In
order
to
investigate
the
photopolymerization
properties
of
alkyl
chain
length
dependence
Type
I
photoinitiators,
in
this
study,
a
series
visible‐light‐absorbing
triphenylamine
oxime
esters
(
Peko‐A
‐
D
,
and
reference
TP‐1M
)
containing
various
periphery
were
synthesized.
That
is,
an
alkane
segment
contains
isopropyl
for
butyl
Peko‐B
undecane
Peko‐C
pentadecane
Peko‐D
methyl
respectively.
Except
all
them
have
good
organo‐solubility
can
dissolve
testing
monomer
(trimethylolpropane
triacrylate,
TMPTA).
All
give
from
near
UV
visible‐light
absorption
regions
with
maximum
peaks
at
around
360
nm
show
rather
red‐shifted
compared
commercial
OXE‐01
compound.
Accordingly,
photochemical
reaction
behavior
was
studied
by
cyclic
voltammograms
(CV),
electron
spin
resonance
(ESR)
steady‐state
photolysis.
addition,
based
photoinitiating
systems
are
through
photo‐DSC
experiment
on
light
exposure
wavelengths
(UV
lamp,
LED@365
LED@405
nm).
Under
different
source,
penetration
affects
final
double
conversion
efficiencies.
As
result,
esters‐based
formulation
shows
better
efficiencies
upon
as
irradiation
source.
Finally,
new
ester
system
capable
applied
direct
laser
write
generate
3D
patterns
using
diode
@405
nm.
Investigations
concerning
the
glyoxylate
moiety
as
a
photocleavable
functional
group
for
visible
light
photoinitiators,
particularly
in
initiation
of
free
radical
photopolymerization
remain
limited.
This
study
introduces
nine
innovative
carbazole-based
ethyl
derivatives
(CEGs),
which
are
synthesized
and
found
to
exhibit
excellent
photoinitiation
abilities
monocomponent
photoinitiating
systems.
Notably,
these
structures
demonstrate
robust
absorption
near-UV/visible
range,
surpassing
commercial
photoinitiators.
Moreover,
newly
developed
show
higher
acrylate
function
conversions
compared
benchmark
photoinitiator
(MBF)
photopolymerization.
Elucidation
mechanism
CEGs
is
achieved
through
comprehensive
analysis
involving
decarboxylation
reaction
electron
spin
resonance
trapping.
Furthermore,
their
practical
utility
confirmed
during
direct
laser
writing
3D
printing
processes,
enabling
successful
fabrication
printed
objects.
pioneering
concepts
effective
strategies
molecular
design
novel
showcasing
potential
highly
advantageous
applications
printing.
Abstract
Background
The
carbazole
skeleton
is
an
important
structural
motif
occurring
naturally
or
synthesized
chemically
and
has
antihistaminic,
antioxidant,
antitumor,
antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory
activities.
Objectives
This
study
aimed
to
design
synthesize
a
novel
series
of
derivatives
evaluate
their
antiproliferative
antioxidant
Methods
compounds
were
characterized
utilizing
HRMS,
1
H-,
13
C
APT
-NMR,
assessed
for
anticancer,
antifibrotic,
effects
reference
biomedical
procedures.
In
addition,
the
AutoDock
Vina
application
was
used
perform
in-silico
docking
computations.
Results
A
in
current
study.
Compounds
10
11
found
have
stronger
effect
than
2
–
5
against
HepG2,
HeLa,
MCF7
cancer
cell
lines
with
IC
50
values
7.68,
10.09,
6.44
µM,
respectively.
Moreover,
compound
9
showed
potent
activity
HeLa
value
7.59
µM.
However,
except
,
all
moderate
activities
CaCo-2
range
43.7–187.23
All
these
compared
positive
control
anticancer
drug
5-Fluorouracil
(5-FU).
most
anti-fibrotic
compound,
cellular
viability
LX-2
57.96%
at
µM
concentration
comparison
5-FU.
4
1.05
±
0.77
5.15
1.01
Conclusion
Most
promising
antiproliferative,
antifibrotic
biological
effects,
further
in-vivo
investigations
are
needed
approve
disapprove
results.
