Oxygen‐Tolerant ATRP Depolymerization Enabled by an External Radical Source DOI Open Access
Stella Afroditi Mountaki, Richard Whitfield, Athina Anastasaki

и другие.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Abstract Although the chemical recycling of polymers synthesized by controlled radical polymerization enables recovery pristine monomer at low temperatures, it operates efficiently under strictly anaerobic conditions. Instead, oxygen‐tolerant depolymerizations are scarce, and either restricted to use a boiling co‐solvent or performed in closed vessels, often suffering from conversions. Here, an open‐vessel, depolymerization atom transfer (ATRP)‐synthesized is introduced, leading high percentages regeneration (>90% efficiency). Dissolved oxygen eliminated utilizing catalyst loadings, lower loadings combined with initiator. Notably, methodology compatible various solvents (i.e., anisole, 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene (TCB), 1,2‐dichlorobenzene (DCB), etc.) range commercially available ligands including tris 2‐(dimethylamino)ethylamine (Me 6 TREN) tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA), as well more inexpensive alternatives such tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (TREN) N,N,N‘,N‘‘,N‘‘ ‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA).

Язык: Английский

Ultrafast Thermal RAFT Depolymerization at Higher Solid Contents DOI Creative Commons

Dimitra Mantzara,

Richard Whitfield, Hyun Suk Wang

и другие.

ACS Macro Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 235 - 240

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Although thermal solution RAFT depolymerization has recently emerged as an efficient chemical recycling methodology, current approaches require specialized solvents (i.e., dioxane), typically suffer from extended reaction times, and operate exclusively under highly dilute conditions 5 mM repeat unit concentration). To circumvent these limitations, a commercial radical initiator is introduced to kinetically untrap the promote chain-end activation. By varying concentration, remarkable rate acceleration (up 72 times faster) can be observed, enabling completion of within min. Notably, 20-fold increase in concentration did not appreciably compromise final yield, while very high percentages monomer could recovered wide range solvents, including dimethyl sulfoxide, anisole, xylene, acetonitrile, toluene, trichlorobenzene. Our findings only offer intriguing mechanistic aspects, but also significantly expand scope applications depolymerization.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Harnessing Non-Thermal External Stimuli for Polymer Recycling DOI Creative Commons
Glen R. Jones, Richard Whitfield, Hyun Suk Wang

и другие.

Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 58(5), С. 2210 - 2223

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Polymeric materials have become indispensable due to their versatility and low cost, yet environmental impact presents a significant global challenge. Traditional chemical recycling methods typically rely on heat as stimulus; for instance, pyrolysis is popular methodology which faces limitations high energy consumption, product selectivity, the generation of undesirable byproducts. In response, recent advances in promotion depolymerization degradation through alternative stimuli such light, electrochemistry, mechanical force, shown promising potential more efficient selective polymer breakdown, yielding either starting monomers or valuable small molecules. This perspective explores key examples these emerging strategies, highlighting improve upon current protocols offer pathways under milder conditions, while identifying challenges that future research must address translate chemistry into viable broadly applicable strategies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Capping agent control over the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanoparticles DOI
David Rutherford, Markéta Šlapal Bařinková, Thaiskang Jamatia

и другие.

Applied Surface Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 162739 - 162739

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Oxygen‐Tolerant ATRP Depolymerization Enabled by an External Radical Source DOI Open Access
Stella Afroditi Mountaki, Richard Whitfield, Athina Anastasaki

и другие.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Abstract Although the chemical recycling of polymers synthesized by controlled radical polymerization enables recovery pristine monomer at low temperatures, it operates efficiently under strictly anaerobic conditions. Instead, oxygen‐tolerant depolymerizations are scarce, and either restricted to use a boiling co‐solvent or performed in closed vessels, often suffering from conversions. Here, an open‐vessel, depolymerization atom transfer (ATRP)‐synthesized is introduced, leading high percentages regeneration (>90% efficiency). Dissolved oxygen eliminated utilizing catalyst loadings, lower loadings combined with initiator. Notably, methodology compatible various solvents (i.e., anisole, 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene (TCB), 1,2‐dichlorobenzene (DCB), etc.) range commercially available ligands including tris 2‐(dimethylamino)ethylamine (Me 6 TREN) tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA), as well more inexpensive alternatives such tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (TREN) N,N,N‘,N‘‘,N‘‘ ‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA).

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0