Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
42(4), С. 323 - 334
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Alzheimer
hastalığı
(AH);
karakteristik
klinik
ve
patolojik
özelliklere
sahip,
yaşla
ilişkili,
nörodejeneratif
bir
hastalıktır.
AH'den
kaynaklanan
ölüm
oranı,
2020
yılında
koronavirüs
2019
pandemisi
ile
daha
da
şiddetlenmiştir.
En
çok
bilinen
nöropatolojik
bulgular;
ekstranöronal
senil
plaklar
intranöronal
nörofibriler
yumaklardır.
AH,
monoaminerjik
sistemleri
de
içeren
birçok
nöronal
yapıyı
etkileyen
multisistemik
AH
fizyopatolojisi
nörotransmitterlerde
meydana
gelen
fonksiyonel
değişiklikler
yakından
ilişkilidir.
Nöronal
sinapsların
kaybı
nöron
ölümü
sonucunda
asetilkolin
gibi
nörotransmitterin
azaldığı
bilinmektedir.
AH'de
sistemde
temel
olarak,
dopaminerjik
innervasyonu
sağlayan
substansia
nigra
çekirdeği,
serotonerjik
dorsal
rafe
çekirdeği
noradrenerjik
lokus
seruleus
histaminerjik
tüberomamiller
çekirdek
önemli
dejenerasyona
maruz
kalmaktadır.
Bu
çekirdeklerden
projeksiyon
alan
bölgelerde
ilgili
nörotransmitterlerin
düzeylerinde
olmaktadır.
Kombine
tedavi
(bilişsel
geliştirici
tedaviler,
nöropsikiyatrik
semptomları
eden
ilaçlar,
modifiye
edici
tedaviler)
hastalarında
davranışsal
anormallikleri
azaltmak
kognitif
fonksiyonları
etkili
şekilde
restore
etmek
için
önemlidir.
oluşturulacak
stratejileri,
sistemin
arkasındaki
moleküler
mekanizmayı
anlamayı
gerektirmektedir.
geleneksel
derleme
özellikle
dopamin,
noradrenalin,
serotonin
histamin
mekanizmalarında
değişiklikleri
ayrıntılı
tartışıp,
bu
konuda
bakış
açısı
sunmayı
hedefliyoruz.
Sonuç
olarak
sinyalizasyon
mekanizmasının
reseptörlerin
etkilerinin
iyi
anlaşılması
insanlarda
hayvan
modellerinde
çalışma
yapılması
gerekmektedir.
Böylece,
yeni
stratejilerinin
gelişimi
hızlanacaktır.
Biosensors,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(7), С. 742 - 742
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
common
neurological
and
a
serious
cause
of
dementia,
which
constitutes
threat
to
human
health.
The
clinical
evidence
has
found
that
extracellular
amyloid-beta
peptides
(Aβ),
phosphorylated
tau
(p-tau),
intracellular
proteins,
are
derived
from
amyloid
precursor
protein
(APP),
leading
biomarkers
for
accurate
early
diagnosis
AD
due
their
central
role
in
pathology,
correlation
with
progression,
diagnostic
value,
implications
therapeutic
interventions.
Their
detection
monitoring
contribute
significantly
understanding
advancing
care.
Available
techniques,
including
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI)
positron
emission
tomography
(PET),
mainly
used
validate
diagnosis.
However,
these
methods
expensive,
yield
results
difficult
interpret,
have
side
effects
such
as
headaches,
nausea,
vomiting.
Therefore,
researchers
focused
on
developing
cost-effective,
portable,
point-of-care
alternative
devices
detect
specific
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
other
biofluids.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
recent
progress
electrochemical
immunosensors
detecting
(Aβ
p-tau
protein)
subtypes
(AβO,
Aβ(1-40),
Aβ(1-42),
t-tau,
cleaved-tau
(c-tau),
p-tau181,
p-tau231,
p-tau381,
p-tau441).
We
also
evaluated
key
characteristics
performance
developed
immunosensing
platforms,
signal
interfaces,
nanomaterials
or
amplifiers,
biofunctionalization
methods,
even
primary
sensing
performances
(i.e.,
sensitivity,
linear
range,
limit
(LOD),
application).
Abstract
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
multifactorial
neurodegenerative
that
lacks
convenient
and
accessible
peripheral
blood
diagnostic
markers
effective
drugs.
Metabolic
dysfunction
one
of
AD
risk
factors,
which
leaded
to
alterations
various
metabolites
in
the
body.
Pathological
changes
brain
can
be
reflected
are
expected
explain
mechanisms
or
candidate
biomarkers.
The
aim
this
study
was
investigate
targeted
within
mouse
model,
with
purpose
exploring
mechanism
potential
Targeted
metabolomics
used
quantify
256
serum
triple
transgenic
(3
×
Tg-AD)
male
mice.
Compared
controls,
49
differential
represented
dysregulation
purine,
pyrimidine,
tryptophan,
cysteine
methionine
glycerophospholipid
metabolism.
Among
them,
adenosine,
serotonin,
N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine,
acetylcholine
play
key
role
regulating
neural
transmitter
network.
alteration
S-adenosine-
l
-homocysteine,
-methionine,
trimethylamine-N-oxide
mice
served
as
indicator
risk.
results
revealed
serum,
suggesting
metabolic
periphery
may
related
disturbances
neuroinhibition,
serotonergic
system,
sleep
function,
cholinergic
gut
microbiota.
This
provides
novel
insights
into
several
pathways
AD,
presenting
avenues
for
future
research
development
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2022
It
has
been
previously
postulated
that
blood
neurotransmitters
might
affect
risks
of
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Here,
a
Mendelian
Randomization
(MR)
study
was
conducted
to
explore
whether
genetically
predicted
concentrations
glycine,
glutamate
and
serotonin
were
associated
with
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS).
From
three
genome-wide
association
studies
European
ancestry,
single
nucleotide
polymorphisms
strongly
selected
as
genetic
instrumental
variables.
Corresponding
summary
statistics
also
obtained
from
the
latest
meta-analyses
AD,
PD
ALS.
The
inverse-variance
weighted
MR
multiple
sensitivity
analyses
performed
evaluate
causal
effects
levels
on
statistical
significance
threshold
set
at
P
<
0.0056
using
Bonferroni-correction,
while
0.05
considered
suggestive
evidence
for
association.
There
elevated
higher
AD
risks.
odds
ratio
(OR)
1.311
[95%
confidence
interval
(CI),
1.087-1.580;
=
0.004]
per
one
standard
deviation
increase
in
concentrations.
support
protective
effect
(OR
0.607;
95%
CI,
0.396-0.932;
0.022).
Genetically
glycine
not
risk
1.145;
0.939-1.396;
0.180).
Besides,
indicated
no
roles
or
In
conclusion,
provided
supporting
increased
lower
Triangulating
across
further
designs
is
still
warranted
elucidate
role
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(9), С. 2231 - 2231
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2022
In
recent
years,
the
inhibition
of
beta-amyloid
(Aβ)
aggregation
has
emerged
as
a
potential
strategy
for
Alzheimer's
disease.
KLVFF,
small
peptide
corresponding
to
aminoacidic
sequence
16-20
Aβ,
reduces
Aβ
fibrillation
dose
dependently.
Therefore,
toxic
and
functional
characterization
its
brain
activity
is
fundamental
clarifying
therapeutic
role.
Accordingly,
we
studied
modulatory
role
KLVFF
on
cholinergic
receptors
regulating
dopamine
noradrenaline
release
in
rat
synaptosomes.
Nicotinic
dopaminergic
nerve
terminals
nucleus
acccumbens
are
inhibited
by
which
closely
resembles
full-length
Aβ1-40.
Moreover,
entrapped
synaptosomes
does
not
modify
nicotinic
receptor's
function,
suggesting
that
external
binding
receptor
required
activity.
The
agent
desformylflustrabromine
counteracts
effect.
Remarkably,
muscarinic
hippocampus
completely
insensitive
KLVFF.
Based
our
findings,
mimics
Aβ1-40
negative
modulator
specific
subtypes
affecting
transmission
brain.
new
pharmacological
strategies
using
anti-aggregative
properties
need
be
evaluated
interference
with
receptor-mediated
transmission.