Photo(electro)catalytic Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production: Mechanism, Design, Optimization, and Economy

Molecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(3), С. 630 - 630

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

As an energy carrier characterized by its high density and eco-friendliness, hydrogen holds a pivotal position in transition. This paper elaborates on the scientific foundations recent progress of photo- electro-catalytic water splitting, including corresponding mechanism, material design optimization, economy production. It systematically reviews research photo(electro)catalytic materials, oxides, sulfides, nitrides, noble metals, non-noble metal, some novel photocatalysts provides in-depth analysis strategies for optimizing these materials through design, component adjustment, surface modification. In particular, it is pointed out that nanostructure regulation, dimensional engineering, defect introduction, doping, alloying, functionalization can remarkably improve catalyst performance. The importance adjusting reaction conditions, such as pH addition sacrificial agents, to boost catalytic efficiency also discussed, along with comparison cost-effectiveness different production technologies. Despite significant advancements made splitting technology, this highlights challenges faced field, development more efficient stable photo(electro)catalysts, improvement system conversion efficiency, cost reduction, promotion technology industrialization, addressing environmental issues.

Язык: Английский

2D CuO materials with superior photoelectrochemical performances for water splitting

Journal of Power Sources, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 646, С. 237283 - 237283

Опубликована: Май 9, 2025

Язык: Английский