How Do Plants Respond to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress?—A Systematic Review

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(21), С. 2884 - 2884

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2022

Plants are frequently exposed to one or more abiotic stresses, including combined salinity-drought, which significantly lowers plant growth. Many studies have been conducted evaluate the responses of plants salinity and drought stress. However, a meta-analysis-based systematic review has not yet. Therefore, this study analyzed how respond differently salinity-drought stress compared either alone. We initially retrieved 536 publications from databases selected 30 research articles following rigorous screening. Data on growth-related, physiological, biochemical parameters were collected these analyzed. Overall, greater negative impact growth, photosynthesis, ionic balance, oxidative balance than In some cases, had vice versa. Drought inhibited photosynthesis salinity, whereas caused imbalance Single reduced shoot biomass equally, but root drought. experienced under conditions because antioxidant levels did increase in response individual This provided comparative understanding plants’ stress, identified several gaps. More comprehensive genetic physiological needed understand intricate interplay between plants.

Язык: Английский

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Coordination of leaf, root, and seed traits shows the importance of whole plant economics in two semiarid grasslands

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 241(6), С. 2410 - 2422

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Summary Uncertainty persists within trait‐based ecology, partly because few studies assess multiple axes of functional variation and their effect on plant performance. For 55 species from two semiarid grasslands, we quantified: (1) covariation between economic traits leaves absorptive roots, (2) among traits, height, leaf size, seed mass, (3) relationships these species' abundance. Pairs analogous root were at least weakly positively correlated (e.g. specific area (SLA) length (SRL)). Two pairs such N content DMC moderately ( r > 0.5) whether grouped by site, taxonomic group growth form, or life history. Root diameter was with mass for all groups except annuals monocots. Species higher dry matter (LDMC) tended to be more abundant = 0.63). Annuals larger seeds 0.69). Compared global‐scale syntheses many observations mesic ecosystems, observed stronger correlations weaker SLA N, SRL N. In persistence may require coordination above‐ belowground dense tissues facilitate dominance.

Язык: Английский

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Biochemical and yield response of spring wheat to drought stress through gibberellic and abscisic acids

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Drought stress significantly impacts wheat productivity, but plant growth regulators may help mitigate these effects. This study examined the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic (ABA) on (Triticum aestivum L., CV: Giza 171) yield under different water regimes. Using a split-plot design, we tested three drought levels as main plots: normal irrigation (80% field capacity), moderate (60% severe (40% capacity). Subplots consisted GA3 ABA treatments at 100 200 ppm concentrations. Results showed that treatment enhanced multiple parameters irrigation, including height (25–30% increase), leaf area (30–35% reproductive traits increase in number spikes, 35% grains per spike). In contrast, resulted reduced (35% decrease) greater reduction vs. 20% control) conditions. also improved physiological catalase superoxide dismutase activities, protein content, proline accumulation. These findings demonstrate distinct roles regulating responses, providing valuable insights for management cultivation.

Язык: Английский

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Leaf thermal tolerance and sensitivity of temperate tree species are correlated with leaf physiological and functional drought resistance traits

Journal of Forestry Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 34(1), С. 63 - 76

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023

Abstract Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events, such as extreme heat co-occurring drought, potentially accelerating tree mortality. Which species will cope better with those events still being researched. This study focuses on a physiological stress factor interspecific variation of thermal tolerance sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous broad-leaved species. We investigate (1) whether correlate drought-related trait, particularly the leaf turgor loss point (π tlp , wilting point), (2) how co-vary within different tree-functional types classified by morphological leaf, i.e., mass per area (LMA) percentage (PLA). The was carried out Traunstein Forest Dynamics Plot ForestGEO network Germany. temperature response maximum quantum yield photosystem II ( F v / m ) discs determined, from which various were estimated, one breaking T 5 ), at declines 5%. Additionally, 50% 50 95% 95 decline evaluated. width between (DW T50−T5 taken an indicator species’ sensitivity. ranged 35.4 ± 3.0 to 47.9 3.9 °C among investigated 46.1 0.4 53.6 0.7 °C. A large found. European ash Fraxinus excelsior L.) most heat-sensitive species, while Wild cherry Prunus avium least Species negative π tended have higher than less . lower characterized LMA, high PLA found low Accordingly, thicker tougher leaves coincides point. conclude that develop drought-adapted foliage can stress. Further, they might be able maintain transpirational cooling during combined drought stress, could lessen their mortality risk extremes.

Язык: Английский

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Morpho-Physiological and Hormonal Response of Winter Wheat Varieties to Drought Stress at Stem Elongation and Anthesis Stages

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 418 - 418

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Drought stress can significantly reduce wheat growth and development as well grain yield. This study investigated morpho-physiological hormonal (abscisic (ABA) salicylic (SA) acids) responses of six winter varieties during stem elongation anthesis stage yield-related traits were measured after harvest. To examine drought response, plants exposed to moderate non-lethal by withholding watering for 45 65% the volumetric soil moisture content (VSMC) 14 days at separate experiments each those two stages. During phase, ABA was increased, confirming status plants, SA showed a tendency increase, suggesting their role hormones in regulation such increase number leaves tillers conditions, further keeping turgor pressure osmotic adjustment leaves. At stage, heavier resulted accumulation flag that generated an integrated response maturation, where not positively correlated with any traits. After harvest, variety Bubnjar, followed Pepeljuga Anđelka, did decrease grains per ear 1000 kernel weight (except Anđelka) treatments, thus, declaring them more tolerant drought. On other hand, Rujana, Fifi, particularly Silvija experienced highest reduction traits, considering drought-sensitive varieties.

Язык: Английский

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Climate anomalies and neighbourhood crowding interact in shaping tree growth in old‐growth and selectively logged tropical forests

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(3), С. 590 - 612

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024

Abstract Climate extremes and biotic interactions at the neighbourhood scale affect tropical forest dynamics with long‐term consequences for biodiversity, global carbon cycling climate change mitigation. However, disturbance may crowding intensity, thus relative contribution of on tree growth, thereby influencing resistance resilience to change. Here, we aim evaluate separate interactive effects neighbours growth in old‐growth disturbed forests. We used 30 years measurements over 300 species from 15 plots French Guiana investigate anomalies (in solar radiation, maximum temperature, vapour pressure deficit climatic water deficit) individual growth. Contrasting selectively logged forests, also examined how history affects sensitivity neighbours. Finally, most abundant 100 species, evaluated role 12 functional traits pertaining relations, light use mediating anomalies, their interactions. tied heat drought stress independently reduced showed positive which attenuated Their were stronger than undisturbed Fast‐growing (i.e. higher intrinsic rates) more forests sensitive crowding. Traits related captured sensitivities different levels but weak predictors Synthesis : Our results demonstrate that can interact shape suggesting considering context improve predictions facing altered regimes. Furthermore, capture neighbours, better representing leading dimensions strategies offers a promising way towards understanding underlying ecological mechanisms govern dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Drought tolerance: a perspective about leaf venation and the role of auxin

Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Woody plant adaptations to multiple abiotic stressors: Where are we?

Flora, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 299, С. 152221 - 152221

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2023

Interacting abiotic stresses exert a fundamental selective pressure on the adaptive syndromes of long-living organisms such as woody plants. However, general patterns and mechanisms describing plant adaptations to tolerate multiple stressors are yet emerge. This hampers our ability build predictive frameworks foreseeing species responses stochastic changes in stress regimes due climate change. With this Virtual Special Issue (VSI), we aimed summarize what know, do not about achieve tolerance limitations. To end, brought together studies exploring ecological or ecophysiological perspectives stresses. Ecological suggest associating trait trade-offs, climate, biotic interactions with plants’ multi-stress tolerance. Ecophysiological point traits conceptual that might explain some processes underpinning Here, first revised definitions used research, providing nomenclature could be unify across research fields. Then, summarized main theories evidence Finally, introduced matter placed contributions VSI within current state art. Altogether, allowed us identify lack large-scale integration major gap field.

Язык: Английский

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Revegetation on Tropical Steep Slopes after Mining and Infrastructure Projects: Challenges and Solutions

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(24), С. 17003 - 17003

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022

The revegetation of steep slopes after mining and infrastructure projects is not an easy task. To enhance the effectiveness projects, present study aimed to review (i) specific challenges slope revegetation, (ii) ecological succession patterns in similar environments, (iii) soil conditioning strategies vegetation cover, (iv) importance microorganisms (v) functional plant traits necessary establish on slopes. In general, are characterized by high bulk densities, potentially toxic elements, low water nutrient availability. Additionally, temperature elevated radiation constrain cover establishment. Lessons from natural habitats show that a long-term process. Planting strategies, including hydroseeding geotextiles, may implementation cover. Different groups adaptations for establishment mixtures species containing different can promote diverse resilient communities. Promising be retrieved local rupestrian ecosystems, as these floras adapted shallow, oligotrophic soils. Further research combining methods with individual planting and/or seeding carefully selected rehabilitation, contributing stability, erosion reduction, carbon fixation long term.

Язык: Английский

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Variation in xylem vulnerability to cavitation shapes the photosynthetic legacy of drought

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(4), С. 1160 - 1170

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2023

Abstract Increased drought conditions impact tree health, negatively disrupting plant water transport which, in turn, affects growth and survival. Persistent legacy effects have been documented many diverse ecosystems, yet we still lack a mechanistic understanding of the physiological processes limiting recovery after drought. Tackling this question, exposed saplings common Australian evergreen ( Eucalyptus viminalis ) to cycle rewatering, seeking evidence for link between spread xylem cavitation within crown degree photosynthetic postdrought. Individual leaves experiencing >35% vein quickly died but did not translate rapid overall canopy damage. Rather, whole canopies showed gradual decline mean postdrought gas exchange rates as stress increased. This loss function was due significant variation vulnerability leading diversity capacity single recover These results from E. emphasise importance within‐crown central character regulating dynamics death severity through time.

Язык: Английский

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