Forest age is a primary trait filter for saproxylic beetles in the southeastern United States DOI Creative Commons
Clayton R. Traylor, Michael D. Ulyshen, Joseph V. McHugh

и другие.

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 553, С. 121545 - 121545

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Many forests throughout the world consist of regenerating mature stands. Although these differ in many respects from old-growth (with a history minimal human disturbance), they typically develop similar structural attributes over time. As result, older may be particular conservation value if contain resources and microhabitats benefitting saproxylic (deadwood dependent) species. Species' response to forest age driven by traits that relate ecological functions or habitat preferences, such species with less compatible for local environment are "filtered" out. Thus, influence species' distributions trait composition assembled communities. The Piedmont region southeastern United States has experienced widespread regrowth past century due agricultural abandonment. Today's landscapes largely characterized becoming increasingly fragmented suburbanization. Here, we assessed filtering effects age, landscape cover (LFC), deadwood volume on beetles northeastern Georgia. Using historic aerial imagery distinguish (young = regrown after 1938; old 1938), sampled both classes occurring along an LFC gradient. We measured five hypothesized functional roles (body length, body width, roundness, antenna eye length) 472 captured. joint distribution model (JSDM), tested trait-niche relationships (i.e., how responses) estimated community (mean dispersion values) gradients environmental filters. found is filter several (six supported > 95 % posterior probability), but were strongly related fewer traits. Most notably, large (typically having lower population sizes requiring stable larval habitat) filtered young low LFC. high showed higher mean beetle length. Sensory also responses, likely reflecting adult life under bark (eye ability detect mates (antenna length). Body width roundness inconsistent responses regard indicated roles. Our results show strong communities States. Old forests, despite their scarcity region, important stability maintaining diverse composition.

Язык: Английский

Relative decline in density of Northern Hemisphere tree species in warm and arid regions of their climate niches DOI Creative Commons
Julen Astigarraga, Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert, Paloma Ruiz‐Benito

и другие.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(28)

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024

Although climate change is expected to drive tree species toward colder and wetter regions of their distribution, broadscale empirical evidence lacking. One possibility that past present human activities in forests obscure or alter the effects climate. Here, using data from more than two million monitored trees 73 widely distributed species, we quantify changes density within climatic niches across Northern Hemisphere forests. We observe a reduction mean coupled with tendency increasing size. However, direction magnitude exhibit considerable variability between influenced by stand development results previous stand-level disturbances. Remarkably, when accounting for development, our findings show significant cold wet conditions 43% compared only 14% significantly changing warm arid both early- late-development stands. The observed climate-driven showed no clear association traits related drought tolerance, recruitment dispersal capacity, resource use, nor temperature aridity affiliation leaving underlying mechanism uncertain. Forest conservation policies associated management strategies might want consider anticipated long-term range shifts alongside integration contemporary within-distribution changes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Quantifying old-growth forest of United States Forest Service public lands DOI
Kristen A. Pelz,

Greg Hayward,

Andrew N. Gray

и другие.

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 549, С. 121437 - 121437

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Scientific Definitions and Measurements of Second-Growth, Mature, and Old-Growth Forests DOI Creative Commons

Ethan A. Frye,

Carolyn A. Copenheaver,

Ann M. Gallagher

и другие.

Journal of Forestry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Abstract We examined US scientists’ (1) use of second-growth, mature, and old-growth forest in scientific publication titles, (2) definitions forest, (3) sampling methods forest. “Second-growth forest” (55 titles) “mature (40) experienced the most frequent 2010s. “Old-growth (247) had 1990s. Definitions second-growth originated from successional theory were consistent across scientists. mature lacked consensus. increased complexity as scientists integrated biological, social, political factors. Soil was abiotic factor measured forests. In forests it dead organic matter. Trees common life form all The results show that researchers would benefit a clearer differentiation between formal definition for

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Tree age estimation across the U.S. using forest inventory and analysis database DOI
Jiaming Lu, Chengquan Huang, Karen Schleeweis

и другие.

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 584, С. 122603 - 122603

Опубликована: Март 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Forest Definitions Applied for National United States Forest Reporting: Status, Gaps, and Opportunities DOI Creative Commons
Lara T. Murray, Sonja N. Oswalt, Sara A. Goeking

и другие.

Trees Forests and People, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100839 - 100839

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Climate and nitrogen deposition constrain the maximum size-density boundary for mature and old-growth stands DOI Creative Commons
Christopher E. Looney, John D. Shaw

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

Forest stocking guidelines traditionally reference self-thinning lines representing the tradeoff between maximum trees per unit area vs. mean tree size for even-aged stands. While are roughly linear on logarithmic scales, certain forest types display a curvilinear “mature stand boundary” (MSB). The existence of MSB suggests that beyond self-thinning, processes such as recruitment limitation, density-independent mortality, and their interactions with site quality may also contribute to more universal size-density boundary (MSDB). To advance modeling management mature stands under global change, we investigated: (1) how MSDB differ biologically in response climate N deposition, (2) whether mortality curvilinearity MSDB. accomplish this, compiled inventory, climate, total deposition data four western U.S. (California mixed-conifer, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, pinyon-juniper). We examined three aspects climate: thermal loading, aridity, seasonality precipitation. used 0.95 quantile regression model generalized recruitment. Unlike studies found abrupt MSBs, evidence MSDBs all types, and/or modulating degree curvilinearity. Aridity constrained medium-large diameter California mixed-conifer while higher growing-season precipitation large-diameter pine. Heavier lowered pinyon-juniper. In steepened slope small-diameter Mortality was consistent along concentrated Douglas-fir stands, pinyon-juniper Recruitment elevated types. Our results support roles both driving MSDBs. findings caution against assuming consistently defines throughout development, having important implications old-growth especially at extremes resource availability where limitations traditional tools be most acute.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Old-growth forests in the Dinaric Alps of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro: a continental hot-spot for research and biodiversity DOI Creative Commons
Renzo Motta,

Giorgio Alberti,

Davide Ascoli

и другие.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Introduction According to various censuses, Europe has less than 1.5 million ha of old-growth forests (OGF). Most them are in the boreal zone, while their presence temperate zone is residual and fragmented.In framework EU biodiversity strategy, it been adopted a broad definition OGF which includes late-seral with some management legacies. However, research purposes need identify strictly defined OGFs characterized by structure, disturbance history, processes typical exclusive last stage forest dynamic. Methods The present paper wants contribute this debate presenting network four mixed (Fagus-Abies-Picea) montane Dinaric Alps (Lom, BiH; Janj, Perućica, Biogradska Gora, MNE), summarizing 20 years multidisciplinary focusing on structural characteristics history whole coherency strict indicators. These sites were selected relatively structurally uniform study areas, where 142 permanent plots have established since 2002. Results discussion high living (747–1,201 m3 ha−1) coarse woody debris (CWD) biomass (304–410 ha−1), resulting highest carbon sink at continental level (398–484 Mg C ha−1). large old trees one critical stage: Lom there 19 14 ha−1 larger 1 m breast height, respectively, 15 older 400 years. In three centuries, continuous small-scale disturbances driven dynamics, developing stands gap-phase dynamics quasi-equilibrium structure. presents robust indicators old-growthness, similar characteristics, dynamic across all sites. Identifying sub-set using criteria for recognizing conservation priorities quantifying, along an old-growthness chronosequence, current differences managed or recently abandoned forests. Besides, only rigorous can act as reliable reference ecological restoration sustainable benchmark quantifying impact climate change

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Forest age is a primary trait filter for saproxylic beetles in the southeastern United States DOI Creative Commons
Clayton R. Traylor, Michael D. Ulyshen, Joseph V. McHugh

и другие.

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 553, С. 121545 - 121545

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Many forests throughout the world consist of regenerating mature stands. Although these differ in many respects from old-growth (with a history minimal human disturbance), they typically develop similar structural attributes over time. As result, older may be particular conservation value if contain resources and microhabitats benefitting saproxylic (deadwood dependent) species. Species' response to forest age driven by traits that relate ecological functions or habitat preferences, such species with less compatible for local environment are "filtered" out. Thus, influence species' distributions trait composition assembled communities. The Piedmont region southeastern United States has experienced widespread regrowth past century due agricultural abandonment. Today's landscapes largely characterized becoming increasingly fragmented suburbanization. Here, we assessed filtering effects age, landscape cover (LFC), deadwood volume on beetles northeastern Georgia. Using historic aerial imagery distinguish (young = regrown after 1938; old 1938), sampled both classes occurring along an LFC gradient. We measured five hypothesized functional roles (body length, body width, roundness, antenna eye length) 472 captured. joint distribution model (JSDM), tested trait-niche relationships (i.e., how responses) estimated community (mean dispersion values) gradients environmental filters. found is filter several (six supported > 95 % posterior probability), but were strongly related fewer traits. Most notably, large (typically having lower population sizes requiring stable larval habitat) filtered young low LFC. high showed higher mean beetle length. Sensory also responses, likely reflecting adult life under bark (eye ability detect mates (antenna length). Body width roundness inconsistent responses regard indicated roles. Our results show strong communities States. Old forests, despite their scarcity region, important stability maintaining diverse composition.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2