Tree Diversity Increases Carbon Stocks and Fluxes Above—But Not Belowground in a Tropical Forest Experiment
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
International
commitments
advocate
large‐scale
forest
restoration
as
a
nature‐based
solution
to
climate
change
mitigation
through
carbon
(C)
sequestration.
Mounting
evidence
suggests
that
mixed
compared
monospecific
planted
forests
may
sequester
more
C,
exhibit
lower
susceptibility
extremes
and
offer
broader
range
of
ecosystem
services.
However,
experimental
studies
comprehensively
examining
the
control
tree
diversity
on
multiple
C
stocks
fluxes
above‐
belowground
are
lacking.
To
address
this
gap,
we
leverage
data
from
Sardinilla
experiment
in
Panama,
oldest
tropical
experiment,
which
features
gradient
one‐,
two‐,
three‐
five‐species
mixtures
native
species.
Over
16
years,
measured
fluxes,
ranging
aboveground
over
leaf
litter
production,
soil
organic
(SOC).
We
show
significantly
increased
with
57%
higher
gain
monocultures
(35.7
±
1.8
vs.
22.8
3.4
Mg
ha
−1
)
years
after
planting.
In
contrast,
observed
net
reduction
SOC
(on
average
−11.2
1.1
across
levels)
no
significant
difference
3
(the
predominantly
tree‐derived,
i.e.,
plant‐derived
fraction)
between
(13.0
0.9
15.1
1.3
).
Positive
effects
persisted
despite
repeated
strengthened
time
for
growth.
Structural
equation
models
showed
growth
enhanced
coarse
woody
debris
soil,
resulting
tightly
linked
cycle
aboveground.
did
not
observe
links
fluxes.
Our
study
elucidates
mechanisms
bolsters
potential
restoration.
Restoration
schemes
should
prioritize
forests.
Язык: Английский
Macroaggregate is crucial in soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation under different vegetation types in the Loess Plateau, China
Forest Ecology and Management,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
569, С. 122161 - 122161
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024
Язык: Английский
Natural Regeneration Enhances Long‐Term Soil Carbon Storage in Various Fractions More Effectively Than Active Restoration: Meta‐Analysis
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Restoration
of
terrestrial
ecosystems,
through
both
natural
and
active
approaches,
is
critical
for
enhancing
soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
storage.
However,
the
long‐term
effects
these
restoration
approaches
on
aggregate
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
we
conducted
a
global
meta‐analysis
to
assess
temporal
SOC
carbon,
including
macroaggregate
(MAC),
microaggregate
(MIC),
silt‐clay
fraction
(SCC)
carbon.
The
overall
results
showed
that
regeneration
outperformed
in
MAC,
with
increases
21%
24%,
respectively,
higher
than
those
restoration.
Notably,
benefits
MAC
intensified
over
time,
surpassing
after
40
years.
different
greater
effectiveness
late‐stage
accumulation,
72%
61%
forests
(>
years)
64%
63%
grasslands
20
compared
shrublands,
15
MIC
accumulation
was
62%
under
addition,
enhanced
storage
deeper
layers
carbon‐poor
areas.
These
findings
highlight
superiority
sequestration,
positioning
it
as
key
strategy
sustainable
ecosystem
climate
change
mitigation.
Язык: Английский
Trade-off between organic and inorganic carbon in soils under alfalfa-grass-cropland rotation
CATENA,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
254, С. 108994 - 108994
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
Язык: Английский
Natural and Human Disturbances Have Non‐Linear Effects on Whole‐Ecosystem Carbon Storage in an African Savanna
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Uncertainties
in
carbon
storage
estimates
for
disturbance-prone
dryland
ecosystems
hinder
accurate
assessments
of
their
contribution
to
the
global
budget.
This
study
examines
effects
land-use
change
on
an
African
savanna
landscape,
focusing
two
major
pathways:
agricultural
intensification
and
wildlife
conservation,
both
which
alter
disturbance
regimes.
By
adapting
tree
inventory
soil
sampling
methods
conditions,
we
quantified
aboveground
belowground
woody
vegetation
(AGC
BGC)
organic
(SOC)
across
these
pathways
types
(scrub
woodland
savanna).
We
used
Generalized
Additive
Mixed
Models
assess
multiple
environmental
drivers
AGC
whole-ecosystem
(Ctotal).
Our
findings
revealed
a
pronounced
variation
vulnerability
reservoirs
disturbance,
depending
pathway
type.
In
scrub
vegetation,
shrub
emerged
as
most
vulnerable
reservoir,
declining
average
by
56%
along
conservation
90%
compared
low-disturbance
sites.
savanna,
was
affected,
decreasing
95%
pathway.
Unexpectedly,
SOC
stocks
were
often
higher
at
greater
levels,
particularly
under
intensification,
likely
due
preferential
conversion
naturally
carbon-richer
soils
agriculture
redistribution
through
megaherbivore
browsing.
Strong
unimodal
relationships
between
agents,
such
browsing
woodcutting,
Ctotal
suggest
that
intermediate
levels
can
enhance
ecosystem-level
ecosystems.
These
underline
importance
locally
tailored
management
strategies-such
certification
schemes-that
reconcile
regimes
drylands
with
sequestration
goals.
Moreover,
potential
trade-offs
objectives
goals
must
be
considered.
Язык: Английский
From desolation to preservation: Investigating longitudinal trends in forest coverage and implications for future environmental strategies
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(4), С. e25689 - e25689
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Pakistan's
forest
cover
is
experiencing
significant
degradation
in
the
ongoing
efforts
to
combat
climate
change.
The
current
state
of
catastrophe
acknowledged.
Nevertheless,
there
a
lack
readiness
tackle
it
effectively,
especially
regarding
safeguarding
welfare
forthcoming
generations.
Pakistan
bears
relevance
for
future
generations
this
global
crisis.
primary
objective
study
examine
environmental
difficulties
faced
by
and
emphasize
critical
need
safeguard
its
natural
resources,
considering
well-being
present
By
using
rigorous
correlation
robust
least
squares
regression
methods,
we
investigate
complex
interplay
financial
aid,
legislation,
precipitation,
population
growth,
foreign
direct
investment,
afforestation
within
time
frame
spanning
from
1990
2022.
findings
demonstrate
that
providing
aid
initiatives
significantly
expands
forested
areas
Pakistan.
Furthermore,
expansion
population,
implementation
restrictions,
yearly
amount
precipitation
all
play
role
augmentation
coverage
an
alarming
pattern
diminishing
over
years
presents
noteworthy
obstacles.
importance
governance
promoting
sustainable
development
highlighted
emergence
adequate
regulatory
quality
as
key
factor.
average
has
discernible
beneficial
influence,
underscoring
significance
climatic
factors.
results
above
implement
cautious
water
resource
management
strategies
regulations
responsive
conditions.
Based
on
these
observations,
proposes
agricultural
management,
adopting
well-balanced
strategy
towards
expansion,
implementing
changes,
prudent
use
resources.
Язык: Английский
Tree diversity increases carbon stocks and fluxes above- but not belowground in a tropical forest experiment
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
International
commitments
advocate
large-scale
forest
restoration
as
a
nature-based
solution
to
climate
change
mitigation
through
carbon
(C)
sequestration.
Mounting
evidence
suggests
that
mixed
compared
monospecific
planted
forests
may
sequester
more
C,
exhibit
lower
susceptibility
extremes
and
offer
broader
range
of
ecosystem
services.
However,
experimental
studies
comprehensively
examining
the
control
tree
diversity
on
multiple
C
stocks
fluxes
above-
belowground
are
lacking.
To
address
this
gap,
we
leverage
data
from
Sardinilla
experiment
in
Panama,
oldest
tropical
which
features
gradient
one–,
two–,
three–,
five–species
mixtures
native
species.
Over
16
years,
measured
fluxes,
ranging
aboveground
over
leaf
litter
production,
soil
organic
(SOC).
We
show
significantly
increased
with
57%
higher
gain
five-species
monocultures
(35.7±1.8
vs
22.8±3.4
Mg
ha
-1
)
years
after
planting.
In
contrast,
observed
net
reduction
SOC
(on
average
-11.2±1.1
no
significant
difference
3
(the
predominantly
tree-derived,
i.e.,
plant-derived
fraction)
between
(13.0±0.9
15.1±1.3
).
Positive
effects
persisted
despite
repeated
strengthened
time
for
growth.
Structural
equation
models
showed
growth
enhanced
coarse
woody
debris
soil,
resulting
tightly
linked
cycle
aboveground.
did
not
observe
links
fluxes.
Our
study
elucidates
mechanisms
bolsters
potential
restoration.
Restoration
schemes
should
prioritize
forests.
Язык: Английский
The Impact of Ecological Restoration on Soil Quality in Humid Region Forest Habitats: A Systematic Review
Forests,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(11), С. 1941 - 1941
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024
Ecological
restoration
is
widely
recognized
as
an
essential
technique
for
addressing
soil
degradation,
biomass
decline,
and
biodiversity
loss.
Improving
maintaining
quality
critical
to
ensuring
environmental
sustainability
successful
forest
recovery.
This
systematic
review
aimed
assess
the
impact
of
ecological
efforts
on
in
humid
regions,
well
compare
effectiveness
various
strategies
indicators.
Subsequently,
a
search
databases
(e.g.,
Scopus
Google
Scholar)
yielded
696
records,
which
28
primary
studies
met
inclusion
criteria.
The
results
emphasized
that
chemical
physical
properties
are
key
indicators
assessing
ecosystem
performance
during
restoration.
most
commonly
measured
parameters
were
carbon,
nitrogen,
phosphorus,
pH,
bulk
density,
porosity.
It
was
shown
process
required
longer
duration
reach
comparable
level
recovery
seen
mature
forests,
particularly
terms
fully
restoring
quality.
Additionally,
it
has
been
noted
prior
land
use
influences
length
time
needed
In
planted
sites,
may
keep
improving
site
ages,
though
tends
stabilize
after
certain
period.
Язык: Английский