bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024
Abstract
The
presence
of
Ca
2+
ions
is
known
to
facilitates
the
biocatalytic
activity
trypsin-like
serine
proteases
via
structural
stabilization
against
thermal
denaturation
and
autolysis.
Herein,
we
report
a
new
hidden
regulatory
role
in
catalytic
pathways
trypsin
α-chymotrypsin
under
physiological
conditions.
We
discovered
that
macromolecular
crowding
promotes
spontaneous
homotypic
condensation
native
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
yield
membraneless
condensates/droplets
broad
range
concentrations,
pH,
temperature.
These
condensates
are
stabilized
by
multivalent
hydrophobic
interactions
between
short
patches
residues.
Importantly,
no
liquid-to-solid-like
transition
has
been
observed
over
period
14
days,
indicating
intrigrity
phase-separated
within
droplets.
Structural
insights
revealed
minimal
conformational
perturbation
upon
separation.
Interestingly,
found
binding
calcium
loop
reversibly
regulates
biomolecular
α-chymotrypsin.
While
-bound
ineffective
undergo
LLPS
form
condensate,
its
removal
similar
experimental
More
importantly,
show
effectively
prevents
autolysis
at
conditions
preserve
native-like
esterase
whereas
free
loses
86%
initial
activity.
In
addition,
it
responds
-dependent
activation
even
after
days
storage
while
failed
do
so.
Our
findings
indicate
act
as
media
prevent
premature
activation,
same
time
their
active
conformations.
present
study
highlights
an
important
aspect
which
cells
can
spatio-temporally
regulate
efficacy
-signalling.
Horticulturae,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(12), С. 1325 - 1325
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2023
The
foliar
feeding
of
soil-grown
plants
with
essential
elements
such
as
molybdate
can
restore
their
Nitrate
reductase
activity.
However,
the
activity
nitrate
under
and
in
hydroponic
conditions
has
not
been
investigated.
Thus,
we
wanted
to
investigate
effect
on
leaves
lemon
balm
conditions.
solutions
were
applied
by
spraying
was
determined
colorimetric
method.
results
our
study
demonstrated
that
application
KNO3
solution
enhanced
plants.
Importantly,
indicate
fertilization
improve
nitrogen
metabolism
carbon
fixation
PLoS Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(3), С. e3002546 - e3002546
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Bacteria
have
developed
fine-tuned
responses
to
cope
with
potential
zinc
limitation.
The
Zur
protein
is
a
key
player
in
coordinating
this
response
most
species.
Comparative
proteomics
conducted
on
the
cyanobacterium
Anabaena
highlighted
more
abundant
proteins
zur
mutant
compared
wild
type.
Experimental
evidence
showed
that
exoprotein
ZepA
mediates
uptake.
Genomic
context
of
zepA
gene
and
structure
prediction
provided
additional
insights
regulation
putative
function
homologs.
Phylogenetic
analysis
suggests
represents
primordial
system
for
acquisition
has
been
conserved
billions
years
handful
species
from
distant
bacterial
lineages.
Furthermore,
these
results
show
may
one
first
regulators
FUR
family
evolve,
consistent
scarcity
ecosystems
Archean
eon.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 27, 2024
Abstract
The
functions
of
cells
and
proteins
depend
on
their
biochemical
microenvironment.
To
understand
how
constraints
shaped
protein
structural
evolution,
we
coupled
the
extensive
genetic
metabolic
data
from
Saccharomycotina
subphylum
with
capability
AlphaFold2
to
systematically
predict
structures
sequence.
Determining
11,269
enzyme
catalysing
361
different
reactions
evolved
over
400
million
years
alongside
molecular
functions,
report
that
metabolism
has
evolution
enzymes
at
levels:
organism’s
overall
metabolism;
topological
organisation
network;
each
enzyme’s
properties.
For
example,
depends
reaction
mechanism,
variability
rather
than
amount
flux,
biosynthetic
cost.
Evolutionary
cost-optimization
is
stronger
highly
abundant
acts
differently
domains,
exception
small-molecule
binding
sites,
which
are
prioritised
other
domains
lack
cost-optimisation.
Finally,
while
surfaces
less
constrained,
surface
residues
can
also
be
exposed
positive
selection
for
co-evolution
protein-protein
interaction
sites.
Accessing
AlphaFold’s
power
across
species
barriers,
facilitating
integration
functional
genomics,
were
thus
able
map
biological
shape
scale
long
timelines.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024
Abstract
The
presence
of
Ca
2+
ions
is
known
to
facilitates
the
biocatalytic
activity
trypsin-like
serine
proteases
via
structural
stabilization
against
thermal
denaturation
and
autolysis.
Herein,
we
report
a
new
hidden
regulatory
role
in
catalytic
pathways
trypsin
α-chymotrypsin
under
physiological
conditions.
We
discovered
that
macromolecular
crowding
promotes
spontaneous
homotypic
condensation
native
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
yield
membraneless
condensates/droplets
broad
range
concentrations,
pH,
temperature.
These
condensates
are
stabilized
by
multivalent
hydrophobic
interactions
between
short
patches
residues.
Importantly,
no
liquid-to-solid-like
transition
has
been
observed
over
period
14
days,
indicating
intrigrity
phase-separated
within
droplets.
Structural
insights
revealed
minimal
conformational
perturbation
upon
separation.
Interestingly,
found
binding
calcium
loop
reversibly
regulates
biomolecular
α-chymotrypsin.
While
-bound
ineffective
undergo
LLPS
form
condensate,
its
removal
similar
experimental
More
importantly,
show
effectively
prevents
autolysis
at
conditions
preserve
native-like
esterase
whereas
free
loses
86%
initial
activity.
In
addition,
it
responds
-dependent
activation
even
after
days
storage
while
failed
do
so.
Our
findings
indicate
act
as
media
prevent
premature
activation,
same
time
their
active
conformations.
present
study
highlights
an
important
aspect
which
cells
can
spatio-temporally
regulate
efficacy
-signalling.
