Calcium
sulfates
play
a
key
role
both
industrial
processes
and
the
global
sulfur
cycle.
In
arid
to
hyper-arid
planetary
surface
environments,
they
can
be
used
assess
availability
of
water
environment.
Yet,
through
which
calcium
sulfate
minerals
(i.e.
gypsum,
bassanite,
anhydrite)
anhydrous
γ-CaSO4
form
transform
remain
insufficiently
understood.
Especially
dissolution-reprecipitation
reaction
from
gypsum
anhydrite
has
this
date
only
been
achieved
in
laboratory
under
very
specific
conditions.Recent
evidence
suggested
importance
solution
flow
as
opposed
batch
reactions
aiding
precipitation
at
room
temperature.
Our
own
results,
however,
clearly
show,
that
alone
cannot
sole
catalyst.
light
recent
abundance
research
towards
nucleation
crystallization
sulfates,
we
present
review
an
attempt
summarize
contextualize
these
new
results
identify
necessary
directions
for
further
with
focus
on
conditions
environments.
Global and Planetary Change,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
233, С. 104349 - 104349
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2023
The
Atacama
Desert
in
Chile
is
known
to
be
one
of
the
driest
deserts
on
Earth,
with
dominating
hyperaridity
at
least
since
Miocene.
During
recent
times,
however,
especially
southern
part
repeatedly
experienced
exceptional
precipitation
events,
like
2015
and
2017.
Locally,
these
events
high
rainfall
rates
caused
catastrophic
floods
significant
destruction
human
fatalities.
Although
meteorological
drivers
heavy
rains
are
widely
understood,
only
little
about
frequency
amplitude
similar
geological
timescales.
Here
we
present
results
a
study
an
endorheic
clay
pan
edge
hyperarid
core
Atacama,
area
mean
approx.
5
mm
per
year.
A
modern
ground-truthing
approach
combining
sediment
data,
remote-sensing
data
as
well
climate-modelling
was
applied.
Our
observations
indicate
that
reacted
very
sensitively
local
during
past
30
years,
four
>20
total
rain
causing
sufficient
surface
run-off
catchment
partially
flood
basin.
Comparative
analyses
illustrate
amount
dependent
maximum
rate
rather
than
sum.
1.88-m
long
recovered
from
centre
records
hydrological
-environmental
history
Late
Pleistocene.
Sedimentological,
mineralogical,
geochemical,
biological
imply
strong
variations
recorded
rainfall,
clear
shift
enhanced
alluvial
activity
by
higher-amplitude
Pleistocene
lower-amplitude
Holocene
events.
background
sedimentation
superimposed
seven
severe
"Millennial-scale
events",
which
maxima
sub-orbital
timescales
potentially
driven
changes
El
Niño
Southern
Oscillation
(ENSO).
shed
new
light
glacial-interglacial
but
also
variability
Coastal
Cordillera
its
potential
driving
mechanisms,
provide
perspectives
future
development
region
under
progressive
global
warming.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
20(5), С. e0321759 - e0321759
Опубликована: Май 5, 2025
Saline
lakes
exist
in
various
morphologies
within
salar
environments,
occurring
as
ephemeral
to
persistent
bodies
of
water
despite
evaporative
conditions.
Salar
environments
are
often
characterized
by
strong
diurnal
fluctuations
temperature,
UV
irradiation,
and
wind
speed,
however,
the
extent
which
these
meteorological
conditions
impact
saline
with
different
morphological
characteristics
has
yet
be
investigated.
Here,
we
evaluate
impacts
changes
speed
direction
on
lake
electrical
conductivity,
alkalinity,
stable
isotope
ratios
hydrogen
(δ
2
H),
oxygen
18
O),
sulfur
34
S
SO4
)
two
Na-Cl
de
Llamara
(Atacama
Desert,
Northern
Chile)
morphologies.
Results
indicate
that
masses
relatively
deeper
(~
0.6
m)
steep-sided
crystalline
bottom
remained
stratified
nearly
order
magnitude
increase
while
waters
shallow
(<
0.2
m),
gently-sloping
colonized
microbial
mats
were
well-mixed.
Conditions
shallow,
heterogeneous,
variations
approximating
15.6%
23.9%
known
seasonal
ranges
temperature
respectively.
Consequently,
chemistry
is
dynamic
time
scales,
indicating
resident
communities
tolerate
a
greater
range
environmental
than
previously
appreciated.
suggest
stratification
depend
morphology,
an
observation
implications
for
patterns
mineral
deposition
environments.
Global and Planetary Change,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
230, С. 104257 - 104257
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023
Calcium
sulfates
play
a
key
role
in
both
industrial
processes
and
the
global
sulfur
cycle.
In
arid
to
hyper-arid
planetary
surface
environments,
they
can
be
used
assess
availability
of
water
environment.
Yet,
through
which
calcium
sulfate
minerals
(i.e.
gypsum,
bassanite,
anhydrite)
anhydrous
γ-CaSO4
form
transform
remain
insufficiently
understood.
Especially
dissolution-reprecipitation
reaction
from
gypsum
anhydrite
has
this
date
been
achieved
laboratory
only
under
very
specific
conditions.
Recent
evidence
suggests
importance
solution
flow
as
opposed
batch
reactions
aiding
precipitation
at
room
temperature.
Our
own
results,
however,
clearly
show,
that
alone
cannot
sole
catalyst.
light
recent
abundance
research
towards
nucleation
crystallization
sulfates,
we
present
review
an
attempt
summarize
contextualize
these
new
results
identify
necessary
directions
for
further
with
focus
on
conditions
environments.
Global and Planetary Change,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
234, С. 104383 - 104383
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
The
hyperarid
Atacama
Desert
in
northern
Chile
is
considered
to
be
one
of
the
most
hostile
habitats
for
microbial
life.
Despite
extreme
environmental
conditions,
isolated
patches
vegetation
exist
an
otherwise
barren
landscape.
Unique
dune
ecosystems
dominated
by
rootless
Tillandsia
landbeckii
occur
at
elevations
about
900–1200
m
asl
within
coastal
mountain
range
and
receive
water
nutrients
mostly
from
Pacific
Ocean
via
fog
deposition.
largest
dunes
can
form
over
thousands
years,
may
host
diverse
abundant
populations
microorganisms,
sustained
moisture
plant
litter
Relict
ecosystems,
with
no
living
plants,
are
also
common
on
this
We
investigated
community
structure
such
a
relict
stratified
dune,
located
north
Rio
Loa
canyon,
explore
links
between
occurrence
past
hydroclimatic
variations
using
multi-proxy
approach.
Our
results
indicated
multiple
phases
growth
alternating
colonization,
dieback,
sand
accumulation
during
∼1300
years.
Hydrogen
isotope
analysis
fossil
leaf
wax
n-alkanes
showed
distinct
pattern
more
humid
conditions
Medieval
Climate
Anomaly
increasing
aridity
Little
Ice
Age.
found
that
abundance
diversity
were
generally
higher
just
beneath
core
sections
elevated
amounts
material.
Recurrent
rewetting
events
specific
climatic
periods
have
supported
active
communities
resources.
This
further
significant
changes
foliar
sedimentary
δ15N
values.
Most
negative
values
concurred
n-alkane
abundances
shifts
structure,
pointing
increased
biological
nitrogen
cycling
central
part
where
niche
occupation
occurred
nitrifying
Thaumarchaeota.
In
contrast,
upper
was
characterized
low
abundance.
members
Bacilli,
which
dispersed
dust
arid
climate.
thus
retains
unique
well-preserved
record
reflects
concomitant
hydrological
(i.e.,
fog)
late
Holocene
climate
extremes.
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
375, С. 134 - 145
Опубликована: Май 11, 2024
Giant
evaporite
deposits
formed
during
the
Messinian
Salinity
Crisis
(MSC)
in
Mediterranean
Sea
upper
Miocene.
The
primary
cause
is
a
restricted
Atlantic-Mediterranean
connection,
but
detailed
hydroclimate
evolution
of
this
event
still
matter
debate.
Here
we
reconstruct
triple
oxygen
and
hydrogen
isotopic
composition
paleo
brines
from
structurally
bonded
water
gypsum
Cyprus.
A
two-stage
evaporation
model
constructed
to
best
approximate
hydrological
conditions
at
which
marginal
basins
Sea.
Subsequently,
hydroclimatic
parameters
like
relative
humidity
(RH)
are
modelled
using
an
iterative
curve
fitting
isotope
approach.
results
our
limited
dataset
reveal
slightly
lower
RH
third
compared
second
stage
MSC.
This
apparent
drop
consistent
with
previous
observations
literature.
Besides
absolute
values
RH,
allows
reconstructing
open
provides
estimate
for
proportions
continental
vs.
Atlantic
seawater
flowing
into
basin,
serving
as
proxy
size
strait
Gibraltar.
implies
fraction
around
75–81
%
both
In
addition,
determined
87Sr/86Sr
samples
to:
i)
confirm
their
stratigraphy;
ii)
proportion
entering
Sr
mass
balance
calculations.
combined
records
indicate
persistent
connection
supporting
hypothesis
that
striking
beginning
MSC
3
mainly
related
increased
contribution
low
high
concentrations
Paratethys.
Our
show
combination
oxygen,
hydrogen,
data
powerful
tool
disentangle
paleo-hydroclimate
even
such
complicated
settings
