Abstract
The
growing
presence
of
pharmaceutical
pollutants
in
aquatic
environments
poses
significant
threats
to
both
human
health
and
ecosystems.
Despite
their
crucial
role
healthcare,
pharmaceuticals
enter
water
systems
through
various
sources,
making
them
some
the
most
critical
environmental
contaminants.
Traditional
wastewater
treatments,
which
are
classified
into
physical,
chemical,
biological
techniques,
often
struggle
effectively
remove
pharmaceuticals.
Among
these
methods,
adsorption
stands
out
as
a
reliable
versatile
approach
for
removing
organic
enhancing
efficiency
treatment
processes.
Biopolymers,
particularly
chitosan,
gaining
attention
due
numerous
advantages,
including
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
affordability,
high
capability,
non‐toxicity,
availability
from
diverse
natural
sources.
Chitosan,
hydrophilic
biopolymer,
can
be
chemically
modified
by
incorporating
nanoparticles
(e.g.,
metal
oxides,
carbon‐based
materials,
magnetic
particles)
boost
its
efficiency.
These
advancements
enable
chitosan‐based
nanocomposites
range
pharmaceuticals,
antibiotics,
analgesics,
hormones,
water.
This
review
examines
latest
developments
nanocomposite
adsorbents,
emphasizing
fundamental
mechanisms,
optimization
conditions,
kinetic
behaviors,
isotherm
models.
factors
collectively
determine
capturing
pollutants.
Moreover,
underscores
potential
materials
remediation,
offering
valuable
insights
application
future
research
directions.
Ultimately,
aim
this
is
provide
insight
offer
an
innovative
effective
solution
challenge
contamination
By
addressing
key
challenges
utilizing
advanced
material
designs,
adsorbents
hold
great
promise
sustainable
efficient
removal
systems.
Water Cycle,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
4, С. 26 - 36
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
The
continued
increase
in
urbanisation
and
industrialisation
across
the
world
has
dramatically
increased
amount
variety
of
waste,
and,
particular,
wastewater,
being
generated.
Wastewaters
contain
a
large
both
organic
inorganic
contaminants.
Various
wastewater
treatment
technologies
have
been
developed
over
last
few
decades
to
address
increasing
concern
around
effective
contaminant
removal
from
wastewater.
Electrocoagulation
(EC)
is
one
such
technology
that
broad-based,
highly
reliable,
cost-effective.
It
also
high
pollutant
efficiency
generates
less
sludge
when
compared
with
other
techniques.
However,
despite
effectively
used
treat
wide
range
thorough
examination
its
under
various
process
variables
not
critically
examined.
operating
factors,
as
pH,
current
density,
conductivity
solution,
electrode
material,
mixing
conditions,
impact
electrocoagulation
system.
This
paper
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
technique
examine
challenges
due
conditions.
Some
recent
advances
EC
present
opportunities
improve
scope
newer
varieties
are
addressed.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
8(5), С. e09383 - e09383
Опубликована: Май 1, 2022
Electrocoagulation
(EC)
is
a
process
used
by
supply
of
electric
current
with
sacrificial
electrodes
for
the
removal
pollutant
from
wastewater.
The
study
was
experimentally
investigated
taking
into
account
various
factors
such
as
pH
(3-7.5),
(0.03-0.09
A),
distance
between
(1-2
cm),
electrolytic
concentration
(1-3
g/L),
and
electrolysis
time
(20-60
min)
which
impact
on
%
efficiency
color,
chemical
oxygen
demand
(COD),
turbidity
determination
energy
consumption
aluminum
(Al)
electrode
used.
surface
response
design
based
central
composite
(CCD)
has
been
to
optimize
different
operational
parameters
treatment
hospital
wastewater
using
EC
process.
COD
removal,
under
conditions
were
predicted
aid
quadratic
model,
significance
their
interaction
independent
variables
assessed
analysis
variance
(ANOVA).
optimal
obtained
through
mathematical
statistical
methods
reach
maximum
COD,
minimum
consumption.
results
showed
that
color
(92.30%),
(95.28%),
(83.33%)
achieved
at
pH-7.5,
current-0.09A,
concentration-3g/L,
electrodes-2
cm
reaction
60
min.
This
means
that,
can
remove
pollutants
types
wastewaters
industrial
effluent
operating
parameters.
Environmental Chemistry Letters,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
22(1), С. 373 - 418
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023
Abstract
The
presence
of
pharmaceuticals
in
ecosystems
is
a
major
health
issue,
calling
for
advanced
methods
to
clean
wastewater
before
effluents
reach
rivers.
Here,
we
review
adsorption
remove
ibuprofen,
with
focus
on
ibuprofen
occurrence
and
toxicity,
adsorbents,
kinetics,
isotherms.
Adsorbents
include
carbon-
silica-based
materials,
metal–organic
frameworks,
clays,
polymers,
bioadsorbents.
Carbon-based
adsorbents
allow
the
highest
from
10.8
408
mg/g
activated
carbon
2.5–1033
biochar.
Metal–organic
frameworks
appear
promising
due
their
high
surface
areas
tunable
properties
morphology.
95%
published
reports
reveal
that
kinetics
follow
pseudo-second-order
model,
indicating
predominantly
governed
by
chemical
adsorption.
70%
disclose
Langmuir
model
describes
isotherm,
suggesting
involves
monolayer
