Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(20), С. 8631 - 8642
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
The
global
trade
of
plastic
waste
has
raised
environmental
concerns,
especially
regarding
pollution
in
waste-importing
countries.
However,
the
overall
contribution
remains
unclear
due
to
uncertain
treatment
shares
between
handling
abroad
and
domestically.
Here,
we
conduct
a
life
cycle
assessment
2022
across
18
countries
six
types,
alongside
three
"nontrade"
counterfactual
scenarios.
By
considering
required
cycling
rate,
which
balances
importers'
costs
recycling
revenues,
find
that
resulted
lower
impacts
than
treating
domestically
with
average
mix.
scenario
alone
reduced
climate
change
impact
by
2.85
million
tonnes
CO
The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
38(3), С. 480 - 515
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023
Abstract
The
global
plastics
pollution
crisis
has
multiple
visible
and
invisible
effects
on
marine,
land
air
environments.
Fossil
fuel-based
production
is
projected
to
triple
by
2060,
driving
a
lifecycle
that
exacerbates
climate
change,
contaminates
ecosystems
poses
risks
human
rights,
especially
the
right
health.
Existing
governance
measures
help
tackle
waste
but
cannot
effectively
address
its
systemic
nature.
Drafting
Global
Plastics
Treaty,
due
for
adoption
in
2025,
an
opportunity
design
ambitious
international
governance.
This
article
argues
rights-based
approach
proposed
treaty’s
framing
substance
integrating,
particular,
health,
supplemented
healthy
environment.
Embedding
rights
considerations
through
precautionary
preventative
approach,
shifting
responsibility
polluters
showing
concern
intergenerational
equity
would
combat
pollution,
accelerate
action,
protect
ocean
safeguard
rights.
Baleen
whales
are
ecosystem
sentinels
of
microplastic
pollution.
Research
indicates
that
they
likely
ingest
millions
anthropogenic
microparticles
per
day
when
feeding.
Their
immense
prey
consumption
and
filter-feeding
behavior
put
them
at
risk.
However,
the
role
baleen,
oral
filtering
structure
mysticete
whales,
in
this
process
has
not
been
adequately
addressed.
Using
actual
baleen
tissue
from
four
whale
species
(fin,
humpback,
minke,
North
Atlantic
right)
flow
tank
experiments,
we
tested
capture
rate
plastics
varying
size,
shape,
polymer
type,
as
well
chemical
residues
leached
by
degraded
plastics,
all
which
accumulated
filter.
Expanded
polystyrene
foam
was
most
readily
captured
type
plastic,
followed
fragments,
fibers,
nurdles,
spherical
microbeads.
Nurdle
microbead
pellets
were
right
fragments
humpback
baleen.
Although
differences
between
types
statistically
significant,
buoyant
polymers
often
trapped
Plastics
sections
regions
a
full
rack,
but
more
dorsal
posterior
regions.
Baleen–plastic
interactions
underlie
various
risks
to
including
filter
clogging
damage,
may
impede
We
posit
pose
higher
risk
some
due
combination
factors,
porosity,
diet,
habitat
geographic
distribution,
foraging
ecology
behavior.
Certain
specific
marine
greatest
concern
plastic
abundance.
It
is
feasible
remove
sea;
what
there
will
continue
break
into
ever-smaller
pieces.
suggest
priorities
be
accorded
lessening
humans’
dependence
on
restricting
entry
points
ocean,
developing
biodegradable
alternatives.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(20), С. 8631 - 8642
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
The
global
trade
of
plastic
waste
has
raised
environmental
concerns,
especially
regarding
pollution
in
waste-importing
countries.
However,
the
overall
contribution
remains
unclear
due
to
uncertain
treatment
shares
between
handling
abroad
and
domestically.
Here,
we
conduct
a
life
cycle
assessment
2022
across
18
countries
six
types,
alongside
three
"nontrade"
counterfactual
scenarios.
By
considering
required
cycling
rate,
which
balances
importers'
costs
recycling
revenues,
find
that
resulted
lower
impacts
than
treating
domestically
with
average
mix.
scenario
alone
reduced
climate
change
impact
by
2.85
million
tonnes
CO
