Crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling under climate change scenario, and optimal cropland allocation in lower kulfo catchment

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(10), С. e31332 - e31332

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling in Lower Kulfo Catchment of southern Ethiopia have not assessed under climate change scenarios, the allocation crop land also optimal that signifcantly challenges to productivity.Therefore, this study was conducted evaluate effects on future requirements, scheduling, allocate cropland optimally. Bias projected precipitation temperature were corrected by utilizing Climate Model data with hydrologic modeling tool (CMhyd). Alongside, requirements using Water Assessment Tool. After estimating requirement, allocated optimally General Algebraic Modeling System programming non-negativity constraints (scenario 1), based farmers adaptation 2). Average reference evapotranspiration from 2030 2050 2060 2080 increased 11.9%, 16.2%, respectively compared period (2010-2022). The total seasonal 4,529mm, 4,866.7mm, 5,272.2mm 2010 2022, 2050, respectively. meean interval scenarios 8 days, 7 5 This decreased 14% (2030 2050), 34% (2060 2080) period. In 2026 required at inlet main canal 6.8%, 18%, area for tomato (60.4%), maize (20.8%), watermelon (18.8%) scenario 1 net benefit 1.47*108 Ethiopian Birr. areas 2 (48%) maize, (31.6%) tomato, (20.4%) 1.34*108 Birr it reduced 19.1% 1. Fruit crops alone may suffice local food needs address this, small should grow watermelon. research aids policymakers encouraging climate-resilient agriculture improving small-scale farmers' awareness through conducting workshops training. Agriculture plays an important role driving economic growth within economy covers 40% gross domestic product [1Tesema T. Gebissa B. Multiple Agricultural Production Efficiency Horro District Guduru Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia, Using Hierarchical-Based Cluster Data Envelopment Analysis.Sci. World J. 2022; 2022https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4436262Crossref Scopus (1) Google Scholar]. Irrigation dry or semi-dry environments is used sustain agricultural productivity when available rainfall insufficient [2Zhang et al.Challenges opportunities precision decision-support systems center pivots.Environ. Res. Lett. 2021; 16https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe436Crossref (39) Effective management across conveyance system demand-based are basic activities improve schemes [3Létourneau G. Caron scale application method yield field-grown strawberries.Agronomy. 2019; 9https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060286Crossref (14) amount equal what lost cropped field [4Adamtie Temesgen F. selie Abeba H. Mitku Demeke season irrigated Pawe district, lowland hot humid Ethiopia.Int. Sch. Life Sci. 1: 009-021https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrls.2022.1.1.0022Crossref Soil type, change, topographical location, type highly affect quantity [5Mirzaei A. Azarm Naghavi S. Optimization cropping pattern fluctuations surface multistage stochastic programming.Water Supply. 22: 5716-5728https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.224Crossref (9) denotes significant enduring shifts Earth's climate, driven human due emitting greenhouse gases like CO2, CH4, N2O, altering temperature, precipitation, wind patterns [6Boatemaa Incoom M. Kwadwo E. Odai S.N. Impacts Savannah regions Ghana.J. Clim. Chang. 13: 3338-3356https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2022.129Crossref estimation change's impact suggest possible mitigation measures sustainable resources development [7Soares D. Paço T.A. Rolim Assessing Change Requirements Mediterranean Conditions—A Review Methodological Approaches Focusing Maize Crop.Agronomy. 2023; 13https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010117Crossref (10) Coupled Intercomparison Project (CMIP) model organized Research Program (WCRP) produces ensembles Earth (ESM) conditions different CO2 emission [8Tian X. Dong Jin He Yin Chen impacts regional use semi-arid environments.Agric. Manag. 281108239https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108239Crossref (8) comparison CMIP5, CMIP6 most recent phase high spatial temporal resolutions offer more intricate representation processes [9Oyelakin Analysing Urban Flooding Risk CMIP5 Projections.Water. 2024; 16Crossref (0) To forecasting (SSP585) demonstrates better performance contrasted [10Feyissa Demissie Saathoff Evaluation Circulation Models Performance Future over Omo River Basin , Ethiopia.Sustainability. 15Crossref (3) Tool (CropWat model) estimate historical [11Sen Determining Changing Demands Cukurova Plain Scenarios CROPWAT Model.Water. (CMhyd) utilize bias correction between [12Yeboah K.A. Akpoti K. Kabo-bah A.T. Ofosu E.A. Siabi E.K. projections Volta CORDEX- Africa simulations statistical bias-correction CORDEX-Africa bias-correction.Environ. Challenges. 6100439https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100439Crossref (21) Scholar] as input CropWat model. Proper increase yields manage amount, frequency [13Betele Gebul M.A. Andries Plessis allocation.Koftu Ethiopia. 18: 1331-1342https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.080Crossref gives a direction adapted resilience agriculture. Optimizing utilization satisfy household security providing economical specific [14Pal J.S. al.Regional developing world: ICTP RegCM3 RegCNET.Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 2007; 88: 1395-1409https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-9-1395Crossref (835) optimization contains objective function, decision variables [15Zenis F.M. Supian Lesmana farms Sumedang regency linear models.IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Eng. 2018; 332https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/332/1/012021Crossref Scholar], depending nature problems [16Sofi N.A. Ahmed Ahmad Bhat B.A. Decision Making Agriculture: A Linear Programming Approach.Int. Mod. Math. homepage www.ModernScientificPress.com. 2015; 13 ([Online]. Available:): 160-169www.ModernScientificPress.com/Journals/ijmms.aspxGoogle can consider availability [17Nimah M.N. Bsaibes Alkahl Darwish M.R. Bashour I. maximize productivity.River Ii. 2003; 7: 187-198Google aims per unit [18Hao L. Su Singh V.P. Cropping considering uncertainty saving potential.Int. Agric. Biol. 11: 178-186https://doi.org/10.25165/j.ijabe.20181101.3658Crossref (20) (GAMS) code best strategy considers water, land, crop, [19Jayne T.S. Chamberlin Headey D.D. Land pressures, evolution farming systems, strategies Africa: synthesis.Food Policy. 2014; 48: 1-17https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.05.014Crossref (336) During season, there conflict among users scarcity demand showed increasing trend observed during problem investigation be change. Absence estimated lack proper practices significantly disturbed distribution. Addition variability shifting wet major lower catchment hinder rainfed/irrigated area. Stream flow will 2.99% 2050s 5.28% 2080s [20N. Demmissie, Demissie, Tufa, "Predicting Impact Flow," vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 78–87, 2018, doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20180603.11.Google But no any scheduling. Both Arba Minch low [21Reta B.G. Hatiye S.D. Finsa M.M. Management Indicators Mitigation Measure Irrigation.Adv. knowledge about user-friendly tools identifying Traditional adopted understanding regarding affordable GAMS code. Poor multiple undermines effectiveness scheme, leading yields, operational costs, market value fluctuations, environmental degradation [22Yubing Fan S.C.P. R. M.Multi-Crop Decisions Economic Use : Effects Climatic Determinants.Water. 10https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111637Crossref (12) These agricultural-related solved reasonable identify Therefore, worst three programming. significance lies its potential critical catchment, offering solutions optimizing resources, productivity, fostering face located 6 2' 0" 5' North latitude 37 33'0" 36'0" East longitudes Southern (Figure 1). Elevation thestudy varied 1200 1203.8m above mean sea. near town, running alongside road connecting Mirab Abaya Wolayita Sodo location holds importance efficient transportation fruit production market. irrigation, University (AMU) farmland, smallhold farmer Kola Shara private farmland airport included farm, Kolla shara 1, 835.22ha, 109.17ha, 160.23ha, 18.44ha, 52.76ha, respectively, irrigable 1175.82ha source annual minimum, maximum 2.35m3/s 50.73m3/s, Market survey collect price dominant both sellers buyers which helps people since only prices justify whether profitable not. Field observation around investigate practical understand agronomic quantitative qualitative such size, costs production, existing practices, hectare collected questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions. revenues each crop. Based [23A. Wright, Hudson, Mutuc, "A Spatial Analysis Technology," 2013, 307–318, 2013.Google simplified formula, sample size interviews Kebele calculated described Eq 1.(1) Where n N population e expected error (5%) 95% confidence level. Zuria Woreda office. ArcGIS software after collecting ground control point (Table 1).Table 1population conduct interview shareTotal population10,794Number farmers886Available (ha)1,974Probable (ha)160.2Number (N)72Expected (e)5% @95% levelSample interview61 Open table new tab Methods soil sampling composite techniques depth 0.9m. texture evaluateing hydrometer test bulk density evaluated dividing mass volume drying oven 105 24 hours. chemical properties organic matter electric conductivity laboratory present status fertility. capacity permanent wilting pressure plate apparatus laboratory. [24Goebel Lascano R.J. Acosta-Martinez V. Stable Isotopes Determine Rainwater Infiltration Soils Conservation Reserve Program.J. Chem. Environ. 2016; 05: 179-190https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2016.54019Crossref infiltration characteristics determined double-ring infiltrometer. physical [25Chen C. Hsu Liang simulating extreme Pacific Asia.Weather Extrem. 31https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2021.100303Crossref (92) (CMIP6) has good Phase 3 (CMIP3) five (CMIP5) predicting trends. As result, current derived sixth (CMIP6). utilized correction, meteorological station. Temperature, network Common Form (netCDF) files extracted coordinate elevation employed [26Leander Buishand Resampling output simulation river flows.J. Hydrol. 332: 487-496https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.08.006Crossref (353) addressed 3.(2) p* bias-corrected rainfall, P uncorrected & b power regression factors.(3) T*, Tobs, Trcm, δ stand standard deviation where P* amount; factors assessment (CropWat) computer program soil, input. [27R. Allen, Pereira, Raes, Smith, "FAO Drainage Paper No. 56 - Evapotranspiration," November 2017, 1998.Google (ETo), (CWR), effective (Pe), (IWR), (i) scenarios. 2022 (reference), 2060-2080 rainfall. Projected solar radiation, humidity, speed sunshine hours result all driest January April evapotranspiration, condition coefficients initial, mid, late stages drainage manual paper number (FAO 56) presented Table but teff found FAO paper. Length growing stage, root depth, reduction factor, allowable depletion, planting harvesting date central Rift Valley Lake Basin, 0.46 (initial stage), 0.88 (development 1.03 (mid-stage), 0.57 (late stage) [28T. Hordofa, "Crop Requirement Coefficient Tef ( Eragrostis tef ) Central Ethiopia," 11, 15, 34–39, 2020, 10.7176/JNSR/11-15-0.Google Reference evapotranspartion, 4, 5, 6/7, 9, respectively.Where; Rn=net radiation (MJ m-2 day-1), G=Soil heat flux T=Mean daily air 2m height (oc), U2=Wind (ms-1), es =Saturation vapour (kPa), ea= actual (kpa), (es -ea) =Saturated deficit, Δ=slope curve (kPa oc-1) r=psychrometric constant oc-1), Kc=crop (-), (mm), d CWR (mm/day).Table 2crop function stage 27R. Scholar(4) (5) (6) (7) Crop/Growth stageInitial stageMid-stageLate-stageWheat0.31.150.25-0.4 (0.325)Maize0.31.20.6Watermelon0.410.75Pepper0.61.050.9Onion0.71.050.75Banana0.61.11.05Tomato0.151.10.6-0.8 (0.7) solve mixed-integer, linear, nonlinear [29Hooper B.P. Integrated Resources Governance.Water Resour. (Updat): 12-20Google Objective profits develop [30Bowen R.L. Young R.A. Financial Net Benefit Functions Egypt's Northern Delta.Water 1985; 21: 1329-1335https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i009p01329Crossref (23) 10..(10) Where; Pi, Yi, Xi, Ci "i" (birr/ton), (ton/ha), (ha) cost (birr/ha), Total including labor, fertilizer, pesticides, insecticides availability, outcome, function. Lengths various periods start according guidelines outlined banana persist year-round. Onions harvested end March, while wheat require months time stope four except perennial sum exceed (At) describe 11.(11) X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8 onion, watermelon, pepper, wheat, banana, Teff, At=total (ha). (mm) calculate water. less than minimum could obtained sources. (2010 2022) Equation constraint (Eq 12).(12) CWR=crop (m), Peff=effective Vmin= supply (ha-m). represents highest achievable quality optimal, managed effectively, sufficient available. sourced Manual Number 33 33). primary aim overall 13).(13) YI average (ton/ha) TYc=Expected (ton). 14.(14) PCi TPC I (Birr/ha) (Birr) Non-negativity had two 1) remaining depend small-hold (such yield, cost) common considered 1).X1>=0, X2>=0, X3>=0, X4>=0, X5>=………………………………………………………………………….X8>=0 interview, covered 564.9ha (48% area). Because vegetable cover consumption maize. other 48% ordered 2).X1>=0, X2>=564.9ha, X5>=………………………………………..……X8>=0 clay density, matter, conductivity, capacity, point, 1.32 gm/cm3, 0.87%, 0.16ds/m, 38.3%, 25.9%, 124mm/m, 3). 110 160mm/m, recommended 127mm/m. suitable uncompacted 1.63gm/cm3 [31Twum E.K.A. Nii-Annang Compaction Bulk Density Root Biomass Quercus petraea Reclaimed Post-Lignite Mining Site Lusatia, Germany.Appl. 2015https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/504603Cross

Язык: Английский

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What should we do for water security? A technical review on more yield per water drop

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 370, С. 122832 - 122832

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Modeling Maize Production and Water Productivity Under Deficit Irrigation and Mulching as Sustainable Agricultural Water Management Strategies in Semiarid Areas

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4), С. 1347 - 1347

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Crop simulation models serve as effective instruments for evaluating the management conditions of irrigation systems. This study aims to simulate maize production identify optimal water strategies under deficit and moisture conservation practices, utilizing AquaCrop model. We conducted this research at Woleh schemes during 2023/2024 season in Wag-himra zone northern Ethiopia. To check how well model worked, we used statistical tests such prediction error (PE), root mean square (RMSE), index agreement (D), goodness-of-fit (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient efficiency (NCE). The effectively simulated canopy cover, aboveground biomass, yield across all treatments, evidenced by high R2 (0.99) NSE values. Furrow-irrigated raised bed planting (FRBP) 100% 75% ETc with mulch exhibited lowest predicted errors deviations productivity. biomass full FRBP mulch. serves a dependable measure crop development outcomes different types, potentially enhancing sustainable productivity water-stressed areas.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of Irrigation Water Management Performance Indicators and Mitigation Measure in Arba Minch Irrigation Scheme, Ethiopia

Advances in Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Irrigated agriculture has been practiced in Ethiopia for several centuries and performance of scheme was poor due to inadequate irrigation water management practices. This study conducted evaluate indicators suggest possible mitigation measure Arba Minch scheme. Primary data such as field canal flow, soil moisture content, slope were measured on physical properties evaluated the laboratory. Utilizing climate crop data, CropWat 8 model employed estimate seasonal requirements, while furrow border dimensions designed using SURDEV software. The average application efficiency (30%), storage (76%), percolation losses (66%), overall (25%). relative supply 1.7 3.3, respectively. mean land productivity wheat, onion, pepper, watermelon, maize 0.1 kg/m 3 0.5 ton/ha, 0.9 4.9 1.5 6.2 0.6 4.2 Watermelon had highest net returns per hectare ($1,693), followed by onion ($1,829), pepper ($1,221), wheat ($1,057). In terms cubic meter water, led with $0.3, watermelon ($0.2), lowest at $0.1 (top form). value conveyance efficiency, surface elevation ratio manning coefficient 82%, 42%, 0.06%, existing, corrected length 843 135 m (border irrigation) 20 595 (furrow irrigation), conclusion, very low efficiency. To address these issues, farmers authorities implement improved Policymakers should promote sustainable explore crops higher improvement.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative study of straw mulching and interplanting patterns on water use efficiency and productivity of the maize-soybean cropping system

Environment Development and Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Suitability of agronomic water saving in karst areas and its enlightenment in the karst desertification control

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(11), С. e32568 - e32568

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

The special "dual" hydrogeological structure in karst areas causes rainfall easily "leaking" into the ground, resulting a unique "karst drought". In these areas, drought and insufficient water resources seriously restrict sustainable development of agriculture. order to restore ecology desertification, develop ecological industries, improve utilization efficiency resources, advance water-saving agriculture such literature review method was applied discuss suitability agronomic measures areas. results are as follows. (1) Agronomic including tillage, mulching, water-fertilizer coupling, chemical regulation, crop allocation deficit irrigation can all enhance WUE. For example, deep tillage loosening increased WUE by 15.1% 15.9% respectively. spring wheat under straw mulching 17.17% ∼ 43.01% compared with that film. Increased density intercropping corn saved 9.85% water. (2) cultural or natural particularity limits application therefore choices adjustments necessary according local conditions: ① No should be adopted because high output labor force; ② need crushed; ③ coupling fertilizer reaches better effect when crops several hours before rainfall; ④ shallow soil layer complexity preparing retaining agent make it unsuitable use agent; ⑤ agroforestry dwarf dense planting is more suitable; ⑥ carried out using small pools. Based on above results, proposes offered following. First, construct optimal model regional apply composite measures. Second, suggested establish coordinating forest, grain grass, vigorously ecologically derivative agroforestry. Third, there necessity strengthen research technology about leakage monitoring resistance, intensify studies "five waters" transformation at basin scale. implication an important reference for developing agriculture, solving shortage agricultural ensuring sustainability improving farmers' living standards. Rational great significance boost economy desertification

Язык: Английский

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Soil moisture-based irrigation interval and irrigation performance evaluation: In the case of lower kulfo catchment, Ethiopia

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(16), С. e36089 - e36089

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

The lack of soil moisture-based irrigation intervals, poor distribution water among users, and the time-based spatial variability supply have been challenges for productivity schemes in Lower Kulfo catchment, Southern Ethiopia. This study was conducted to develop intervals evaluate delivery field level efficiencies. Soil content, flow along canal were measured directly, duty estimated by using CropWat 8 model. To minimize stress or excess problems, needs be applied when content drops 35.7 % onion pepper, 34.4 %% watermelon, 32.5 wheat maize from capacity. However, at 36.2 onion, 35.4 36.4 maize, 35 existing scheme that increased amount field. average percentage moisture depletion (p) time 27.4 %, which below recommended value. adopted design interval 4 & 6 days 5 7 watermelon wheat, respectively. mean adequacy dependability lower catchment 1 0 Arba Minch scheme, 0.5 0.2 University farmland, 0.4 0.25 private farmland 0.1 0.43 Kollashara value equity 0.7 January, 0.6 February, 0.8 March indicates highly temporary variation adequacy. conveyance 82.7 on-farm efficiency also 56.6 %. crop yield present 0.5ton/ha 4.9ton/ha 6.2ton/ha 0.6ton/ha 4.2ton/ha very low compared with other control area. Inadequate inequitable distribution, variable hinder catchment; adopting optimized practices robust management can enhance efficiency, equity, productivity.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Integrated Watershed Management Practices and Suggesting Innovative Strategies in Southern Ethiopia.

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(19), С. e38619 - e38619

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2024

Integrated watershed management plays a vital role in promoting sustainable water resource and addressing environmental challenges. This study aims to analyze assess the effectiveness of existing IWM practices develop new strategies improve management. The data collection process encompassed comprehensive field observations, surveys, consultations with stakeholders. According hydrometer test, loam soil was average dominant type Elgo Kola shell kebele. assessment conservation initiatives adhered rigorous standards set by Ministry Agriculture. From 2016 2022, Kebele saw significant land use changes: agriculture expanded 11.24 %, bare 2.05 bodies 1.79 settlements 0.54 while forests declined 15.34 %. In Shele, agriculture, bodies, slightly increased 0.5 1.03 0.033 respectively, decreases (1.82 %) forest (0.05 %). Only 25 % sampled plots met criteria for effective systems, indicating challenges current practices. For cultivated less than 15 slope vertisol, recommended include broad bed furrow, tillage, grass strips, grassland improvement, mulching. slopes greater 50 hillside terracing, graded bunds, trenches are advised. Additional measures, such as harvesting, waterways, revegetation, actions against illegal farming, were proposed. summary, this highlights urgent need improved practices, used enhance management, address socio-economic issues, promote study.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of organic mulching and regulated deficit irrigation on crop water status, soil and yield features in an orange orchard under Mediterranean climate

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 958, С. 177528 - 177528

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2024

The adoption of soil and water conservation measures (SWCM) is essential for improving the use natural resources making agro-systems more resilient to climate change. In this context, a three-years trial was carried-out in an orange orchard characterized by different management (SM, i.e., bare organic mulched soils) regimes (WR, full irrigation, FI, regulated deficit RDI). response applied SWCM, crop status (CWS), yield main features were explored using multiple soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) monitoring approaches. Overall average saving 24 % achieved under RDI comparison FI. stem potential revealed year-dependent behaviour accordance patterns ancillary physiological indicators. additional plant-based measurements provided continuous information on CWS, both terms trunk (TWP) sap flow fluxes, resulting higher absolute values TWP (-0.93 ± 0.01 MPa versus -0.83 0.00 MPa) lower transpiration rates (0.64 mm d

Язык: Английский

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Modern Drip Irrigation Technology on Tomato and Head Cabbage Production and Its Economic Feasibility at Misrak Silti District, Siltie Zone, Ethiopia

World Journal of Food Science and Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(3), С. 62 - 71

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2024

In Ethiopia various techniques were applied to improve on-farm irrigation water management under surface irrigation, especially on furrow system for last many years, however, it was very difficult achieve threshold limit of use efficiency, wisely scarce resources in irrigated field, crop productivity, precisely controlled application plant roots, uniform delivery all plants, yield and its quality, regulate flow, deliver optimum requirement, field losses, groundwater withdrawal save labor. It is great practical significance series measures using drip solve mentioned problems because the agriculture largest water-consuming sector this area. This study aimed demonstrate technology, prove economic feasibility create skills farmers extension experts implementation tomato (Galila 555) head cabbage (Copen Hagen) productions within source area Balo koriso main station Misrak Silti woreda, Siltie zone, southern Ethiopia. The activity done four consecutive years (2019 2022 G. C) fixed plot 2500 square meter collaboration with Agricultural Research Institute Techno serve project. During demonstration costs considered including initial investment cost. found that saved 3690 m<sup>3</sup>/ha compared irrigation. may irrigate additional 2ha land by also revealed that, a net income 313066.04 ETB/ha single season obtained modern technology. local recognized noticeable saving water, fuel cost, irrigating time labour, good performance from demonstrated shown interest technology abundantly. Therefore, scaling up locally manageable around through comprehensive training supportive staffs allowing sufficient market kits incentives or loan will be economically feasible affordable increase saves water.

Язык: Английский

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