
Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16
Опубликована: Май 27, 2025
Background Outdoor stone heritage accounts for a large portion of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is an essential carrier the ancient civilization our society. Unfortunately, they usually suffer from serious biodeterioration by diverse microbial colonizers, especially when environment available. As communities evolve with environment, it important to link bio-deteriogens processes accurately. Methods We used integrative high-throughput sequencing comparative metabolomic approach unravel Leizhou Stone Dog monuments. Results The divergence similarity composition biofilms colonizing monuments indicated that photoautotrophic bacteria (e.g., Leptolyngbya , Chroococcidiopsis Chloroplast ) nitrifying archaea family Nitrososphaeraceae and/or Massilia Bacillus are keystone taxa governing processes. Further, correlation between physicochemical properties confirmed consistency observations metabolisms involved in Conclusion Our study highlights necessity case-by-case diagnosis before any therapy, advancing conservation science cultural heritage.
Язык: Английский