Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11
Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024
The Centers for Disease Prevention and Control lists
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9The Gordian Knot of C. auris: If You Cannot Cut It, Prevent It
Pathogens, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(12), С. 1444 - 1444
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023
Since its first description in 2009, Candida auris has, so far, resulted large hospital outbreaks worldwide and is considered an emerging global public health threat. Exceptionally for yeast, it gifted with a profoundly worrying invasive potential high inter-patient transmissibility. At the same time, capable of colonizing persisting both patients settings prolonged periods thus creating vicious cycle acquisition, spreading, infection. It exhibits various virulence qualities thermotolerance, osmotolerance, filamentation, biofilm formation hydrolytic enzyme production, which are mainly implicated pathogenesis. Owing to unfavorable profile resistance diverse antifungal agents lack effective treatment options, implementation robust infection prevention control (IPC) practices crucial controlling minimizing intra-hospital transmission C. auris. Rapid accurate microbiological identification, adherence hand hygiene, use adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), proper handling catheters implantable devices, contact isolation, periodical environmental decontamination, targeted screening, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs communication between healthcare facilities about residents' colonization status recognized as coherent strategies preventing spread. Current knowledge on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, mechanisms pathogenicity summarized present review comprehensive overview IPC ensuring yeast also provided.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12Ibrexafungerp: A narrative overview
Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100245 - 100245
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Ibrexafungerp (IBX) is a new antifungal drug that recently entered the landscape. It disrupts fungal cell wall synthesis by non-competitive inhibition of β-(1,3)-D-glucan (BDG) synthase enzyme. has demonstrated activity against range pathogens including Candida and Aspergillus spp., as well retaining its azole-resistant echinocandin-resistant strains. also exhibits anti-biofilm properties. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies revealed favorable bioavailability, high protein binding, extensive tissue distribution with low potential for CYP-mediated interactions. characterized same mechanism action echinocandins limited cross-resistance other agents. Resistance to this can arise from mutations in FKS genes, primarily FKS2 Nakaseomyces glabrata. In vivo, IBX was found be effective murine models invasive candidiasis (IC) pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). showed promising results preventing treating Pneumocystis jirovecii infections. Clinical trials non-inferior fluconazole vulvovaginal (VVC), complicated cases, recurrence. These positioned it Food Drug Administration (FDA)-approved option treatment prophylaxis VVC. Trials comparable responses standard-of-care IC, preliminary C. auris infections terms efficacy tolerability refractory cases IC. Mild adverse reactions have been reported gastrointestinal symptoms. Overall, represents significant addition armamentarium, unique action, spectrum activity, encouraging clinical trial warranting further investigation.
Язык: Английский
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4Building upon the core elements of antifungal stewardship: practical recommendations for effective antifungal stewardship in resource-limited settings
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Introduction Despite the crucial importance of effective AFS in resource-limited settings, such settings remain comparatively underserved and underrepresented terms resource-setting-specific guidance research. Further practical contextualization application current best practices is thus necessary.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Characterization of the gut microbiota in drug abuse: prediction, prevention, and personalized medicine to benefit affected populations
The EPMA Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 505 - 517
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Fungal Pulmonary Coinfections in COVID-19: Microbiological Assessment, Inflammatory Profiles, and Clinical Outcomes
Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 864 - 864
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025
Background and Objectives: Secondary pulmonary fungal infections in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain underexplored despite emerging reports linking them to heightened morbidity. Comorbidities, steroid use, prolonged hospital stays can predispose patients opportunistic fungi. This study aimed evaluate the impact of coinfection on inflammatory markers, severity, antifungal resistance profiles, outcomes hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: retrospective observational enrolled 280 adults (≥18 years) with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed admitted a tertiary care center (January 2023–December 2024). Patients were divided into COVID-19-only group (n = 216) COVID–fungal 64) based bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, and/or blood culture positivity for pathogens. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index) severity scores (Acute Physiology Chronic Health Evaluation II, CURB-65 score, National Early Warning Score) measured. We assessed susceptibilities recorded ICU admissions, ventilation, length stay, mortality. Results: Aspergillus fumigatus (31.3%), Candida albicans (28.1%), Cryptococcus neoformans (7.8%), Pneumocystis jirovecii (6.3%), Mucorales (6.3%) dominated; glabrata, tropicalis, mixed also noted. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates or triazoles occurred 25.0% cultures. The COVID-19–fungal showed significantly higher CRP (85.7 vs. 71.6 mg/L, p < 0.001), procalcitonin (2.4 1.3 ng/mL, APACHE II (18.6 14.8, 0.001). intensive-care unit admissions (39.1% 19.9%, 0.004) mechanical ventilation (26.6% 10.2%, 0.01) more frequent coinfection. Mortality trended at rate (15.6% 7.4%, 0.06). Conclusions: Pulmonary coinfections intensify milieu, elevate scores, lead ICU-level interventions identification, guided by culture-based molecular diagnostics, alongside prompt therapy, could mitigate adverse outcomes. These findings underscore critical need proactive surveillance rigorous stewardship managing severe pneumonia.
Язык: Английский
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0Consumption Trends of Antifungal and Antiprotozoal Agents for Human Systemic Use in Kazakhstan from 2017 to 2023
Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(9), С. 857 - 857
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024
While multiple studies have investigated antibiotic consumption rates, there are few on the of systemic antifungals and antiprotozoals. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive analysis nationwide trends in Kazakhstan over seven-year period (2017-2023).
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Omicron variant raises global concerns: Increased hospitalization and India's vaccination advantage
Intelligent Pharmacy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(4), С. 201 - 206
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2023
The newly identified COVID-19 variant, B.1.1.529, initially detected in South Africa, was officially designated as the "Omicron" variant by World Health Organization on November 26, 2021. This has raised concerns globally. From January 17 to 2021, Public Ontario (PHO) Library Services conducted extensive searches of published literature and preprints using MEDLINE database. A total six articles one ongoing clinical trial were identified. Data from 15 unpublished reports, including interim findings, collected. WHO, ICMR, daily updates web page, internet sources, news, hospitalization or death data analyzed assess risk associated with Omicron compared non-hospitalized patients. suggested a potential 50% increase among patients previous variants. Considering emergence it is important note that India an advantage due its immunization program, which annually vaccinates approximately 2.7 crorenewborns. However, crucial ensure vaccines meet all validation requirements regulatory frameworks before they are made available public.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Clinical features and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a single center retrospective cohort study
Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract Objective This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and short-term prognosis of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with concurrent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Methods KTRs COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted our hospital from December 28, 2022, March 2023 included in study, their symptoms, response antiviral medications, analyzed. Results A total 64 initial diagnosis this study. The primary symptoms fever, cough, myalgia, an incidence 79.7%, 89.1%, 46.9%, respectively. administration drugs (paxlovid or molnupiravir) within 1–5 days for over 5 demonstrated a statistically significant reduction viral shedding time compared group without medication (P = 0.002). Both paxlovid molnupiravir groups exhibited significantly shorter duration comparison After 6 months recovery, there was no negative impact on function 0.294). Conclusion Fever, myalgia remain common KTRs. earlier use (the is associated better therapeutic outcomes. severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had limited renal moderate
Язык: Английский
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0Comparação do perfil de utilização de antimicrobianos nas diferentes ondas da Covid-19 em um hospital universitário na cidade de Manaus-AM
Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(5), С. e15960 - e15960
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
Objetivo: Descrever e comparar o perfil de utilização antimicrobianos durante as duas ondas da COVID-19 em um hospital público localizado na cidade Manaus, Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se estudo descritivo retrospectivo conduzido universitário onde foram coletados dados prontuários, prescrições fichas solicitações antimicrobianos. O uso foi mensurado acordo com a metodologia Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Dose Diária Definida (ATC/DDD). Resultados: Durante período primeira onda, antimicrobiano mais consumido ceftriaxona (DDD 1352,01), seguido piperacilina-tazobactam 1245,56), cefepima 1191,23) meropenem 1139,88). Na segunda seguiu sendo consumo ainda maior 2010,55), 1592,22), vancomicina 722,72) 704,82). Conclusão: A pandemia desencadeou impacto no diferentes classes antimicrobianos, ênfase notável para cefalosporinas beta-lactâmicos amplo espectro. Esses achados sublinham importância vital vigilância cuidadosa do monitoramento constante períodos crise sanitária, como decorrente COVID-19.
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