Minerals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 1216 - 1216
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024
This review explores the removal of textile dyes from wastewater using advanced polymer/clay composites. It provides an in-depth analysis chemical and physical properties these composites, emphasizing how combination polymers clays creates a synergistic effect that significantly improves efficiency dye removal. The structural versatility derived interaction between layered clay sheets flexible polymer matrices, is detailed, showcasing their enhanced adsorption capacity catalytic for treatment. outlines key functional groups present in both clays, which are crucial binding degrading wide range dyes, including acidic, basic, reactive dyes. role specific interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, electrostatic attractions molecules composite surface, highlighted. Moreover, selection criteria different types montmorillonite, kaolinite, bentonite modifications examined to demonstrate surface can further improve performance materials. Various synthesis methods creating situ polymerization, solution intercalation, melt blending, discussed. These fabrication techniques evaluated ability control particle dispersion, optimize interfacial enhance mechanical stability Furthermore, introduces characterization techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TGA), help researchers assess morphological, structural, thermal aligning features with potential application Additionally, delves into primary mechanisms involved process, adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, reduction. also overview kinetic thermodynamic models commonly used describe processes environmental operational factors influencing removal, pH, temperature, dosage, analyzed detail, offering practical insights optimizing under various conditions. In conclusion, this not only highlights promising composites but identifies current challenges future research directions. underscores importance developing eco-friendly, cost-effective, scalable solutions address growing concerns related water pollution sustainability management.
Язык: Английский
